翻譯名義集 7.40

7.40

《大論》云：「釋子受禁戒是其性，剃髮割截染衣是其相。」《道宗鈔》云：「儀即沙門相也，削髮壞衣是；體即沙門性也，無表戒法是。」《僧祇》云：「三衣者，賢聖沙門之幖幟。」《四分》云：「三世如來並著如是衣。」《大品》明十二頭陀，衣有二種：一者納衣。《智論》釋云：「好衣因緣故，四方追逐，墮邪命中。若受人好衣則生親著，若不親著檀越則恨。又好衣是未得道者生貪著處，好衣因緣，招致賊難，或至奪命。有如是等患，故受弊納衣法。」二、但三衣。《智論》釋云：「行者少欲知足，衣趣蓋形，不多不少，故受三衣。白衣求樂故，多畜種種衣。或有外道苦行故，裸形無恥。是故佛弟子捨二邊處中道。」《北山》云：「憍陳如弊服五錢，須菩提華房百寶，俱聖人也。衡嶽終身一衲，玄景每曙更衣，俱高僧也。克不克在于我，可不可不，不在乎物也。」

The Great Commentary states: "A disciple of the Śākya receiving the prohibitive precepts is their nature; shaving the hair and wearing cut, dyed robes is their characteristic appearance." The Daozong chao states: "Deportment is the characteristic appearance of the śramaṇa, namely shaving the hair and wearing ruined [colored] robes; essence is the nature of the śramaṇa, namely the unmanifest precept-nature." The Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya states: "The three robes are the standard and banner of the noble and saintly śramaṇas." The Dharmaguptaka Vinaya states: "The Tathāgatas of the three times all wore such robes." The Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra explains the twelve dhūtas; regarding robes there are two kinds: First is the rag robe (pāṃśukūla). The Treatise on the Great Perfection of Wisdom comments: "Due to fine robes, one pursues things in the four directions and falls into wrong livelihood. If one receives fine robes from others, personal attachment arises; if one is not personally attached, the donor feels resentment. Furthermore, fine robes are an occasion for those who have not attained the Path to give rise to greed and attachment; fine robes cause the calamity of thieves, or even the loss of life. Because there are such harms, one adopts the practice of worn rag robes." Second is wearing only the three robes. The Treatise on the Great Perfection of Wisdom comments: "The practitioner has few desires and is content, with robes merely covering the body, neither too many nor too few; hence one receives the three robes. White-robed laypersons seek pleasure, and so keep many kinds of robes. Some non-Buddhists practice austerities, and so go naked without shame. Therefore, the Buddha's disciples abandon the two extremes and abide in the Middle Way." Beishan states: "Kauṇḍinya wore dilapidated clothes worth five coins, while Subhūti had a magnificent room with a hundred treasures—both were noble sages. Hengyue wore a single patch-robe his entire life, while Xuanjing changed his clothes every dawn—both were eminent monks. Overcoming or not overcoming [delusion] lies within oneself; fitting or not fitting does not depend on material things."