翻譯名義集 1.168

1.168

【Dignāga】 The *Records of the Western Regions* says: "In the Tang language, it is Youth-Granted (Tongshou). The Bodhisattva Mañjuśrī instructed and transmitted it to him. As Cien said: 'As for treatises on hetuvidyā (logic), they were originally spoken only by the Buddha; their text was extensive and their principles scattered, fully contained throughout the scriptures.' Hence the *Bodhisattvabhūmi* states: 'Where should a bodhisattva seek the Dharma? He should seek it in all five sciences (pañcavidyā).' Seeking hetuvidyā is done to refute false doctrines and establish the true path. At the beginning of the kalpa, titles and designations first marked the true and the apparent. When it came to Vasubandhu, he set forth the rules once again. Although the main principles were arrayed, the subtle tenets were not yet distinguished; therefore, when proponent and opponent debated, they still doubted the rules of refutation and establishment. There was the Bodhisattva Dignāga, celebrated as a hero of the age, one of the thousand Buddhas of the Auspicious Kalpa. Concealing his traces among rocks and thickets, dwelling on peaks in samādhi, he examined the merits and flaws of composition, and scrutinized whether the texts and meanings were cumbersome or concise. At that time, the cliffs and valleys roared with tremors, and the clouds and mists changed colors. A mountain spirit lifted the bodhisattva's feet several hundred feet high and proclaimed: 'The Buddha taught the path of the treatise on hetuvidyā; I pray that you re-propagate it.' The bodhisattva then released a spiritual radiance that illuminated those whose capacities responded. At that time, the king of the Andhra Kingdom in Southern India, seeing the light emitted, suspected that he had entered the vajropama-samādhi and asked him to realize the fruit of no-more-learning (arhatship). The bodhisattva said: 'I entered contemplation to examine and explain profound sutras; my mind aspires to Great Awakening, not to the Lesser Fruit.' The king said: 'The fruit of no-more-learning is what all sages revere; please, Venerable One, swiftly realize it.' The bodhisattva yielded to him and was about to grant the king's request. Mañjuśrī Bodhisattva then snapped his fingers and admonished him: 'Why abandon the Great Aspiration to pursue a small aim? To bring vast benefit, you should propagate the *Yogācārabhūmi* taught by Maitreya, rectify the declining order, and compose a work on hetuvidyā to reconstruct the standard.' Dignāga reverently accepted this instruction and followed it devotedly. Thereupon he reflected deeply and investigated thoroughly, and composed the *Nyāyapraveśa* (or *Hetuvidyā-nyāyamukha*)." Also, the *Fuxing* states: "The sage Kapila feared death and went to Maheśvara to inquire. The deity told him to go to Mount Vindhya to take myrobalan (āmalaka), eating which could prolong his life. After eating it, he turned into a stone couch in the forest. When someone fell short of understanding, they would write a verse on the stone to ask. Later, when Dignāga Bodhisattva refuted him, he wrote a verse and the stone cracked."