翻譯名義集 1.63

1.63

[Gautama] Also Gautama (or Gautama). The Xiyu ji says: "Qiaodamo (Gautama), formerly rendered Qutan, is an error and abbreviation." The ancients translated it as "Sugar Cane," "Earth," etc. Nanshan said: "This is incorrect. Gautama is the name of a star; the appellation was established from the star, and in later generations it was changed to the surname Śākya." Ci'en says: "It is the illustrious lineage of the Śākyas." The Wenju says: "Gautama: this translates as 'pure and good.' Master Ying translates it as 'Supreme on Earth,' meaning that excluding the heavens, this clan is the supreme among humanity. As the Shier you jing explains: in the era of asaṃkhyeya, the Great Reed King ceded his throne to his ministers and took a Brāhmaṇa as his master, thereupon receiving his surname, being named Little Gautama. At the beginning of the Bhadrakalpa, his conscious spirit took rebirth and established the Gautama surname; thus we know that Gautama extends far from the past, and nearby began with the Ruler of the People." Second, the family name Ikṣvāku: The Pusa benxing jing says: "The Great Reed King attained the status of a royal rishi; his lifespan was extremely long, and in his old age he could not walk. At that time, his disciples went out to seek food, placed the rishi in a basket, and hung it on a tree branch. A hunter saw it from afar, thought it was a bird, and shot it. Drops of blood fell to the ground, and two sugar canes grew. When roasted by the sun, they split open: one produced a boy, and one produced a girl. A physiognomist named the boy Good Birth (Sujāta) and consecrated him on the crown of the head, naming him King Sugar Cane (Ikṣvāku); the girl was named Good and Worthy, and became his chief consort." Third, the family name Sūryavaṃśa: The Benxing jing says: "Furthermore, because they emerged from sugar canes roasted by the sun, they are also named Sūryavaṃśa (Sun Lineage)." Fourth, the family name Śākya, which is treated in full in the section on the three bodies.