翻譯名義集 2.200

2.200

[Gaya] (伽耶): Or nāga (那伽), or nāgasena (那先). Here translated as 'elephant' (象). The *Yiwu zhi* says: 'As a beast, the elephant has an extraordinary form. Its body rivals several oxen, its eyes do not exceed those of a pig, its trunk serves as its mouth, and looking at its head it resembles its tail. It is docile and obedient to training, kneeling down upon hearing a command. Its pale tusks are pure as jade, praised in the classical records, and it carries heavy loads to distant places.' The *Biography of Tripiṭaka Master Xuanzang of the Tang* says: 'In the Western Regions there was a monastery where a novice was appointed to manage temple affairs. Tradition says that formerly there was a bhikṣu who invited his fellow students to come from afar to pay homage. They saw a wild elephant holding flowers in its mouth, placing them before the stūpa, then using its tusks to mow the grass and its trunk to sprinkle water. Seeing this, the assembly sighed in admiration. One bhikṣu then renounced his full monastic precepts and vowed to remain to make offerings. He said to the assembly: "The elephant is an animal, yet it still knows to revere the stūpa. Living as a human, how could I behold this desolation and not serve it?" He then built a hut, cleared the ground, planted flowers, and cultivated fruit trees; though passing through cold and heat, he did not consider it a toil. When neighboring countries heard of this, they jointly constructed a monastery and invited him to manage the monastic affairs, which then became a precedent.' The *Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra* says: 'Like an elephant king's gaze, when it wishes to turn its body to look, it turns its entire body together. A great personage has a unified body and mind; when he looks at something, both body and mind turn together.'