翻譯名義集 4.23

4.23

[Āgama] Correctly called āgata, here translated as "teaching." Miaole says: "This translates as incomparable Dharma, which is to say, spoken teaching." The Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi Śāstra says: "It refers to the teachings spoken by the Tathāgatas." The preface to the Dīrgha Āgama says: "Āgama, in the language of Qin, means 'refuge of dharmas', the so-called deep storehouse of the myriad dharmas, the garden grove of dhāraṇī." The Treatise on the Lotus Sūtra interprets its gate of wisdom, stating that the meaning of the Āgamas expounded is extremely profound. Dharma Master She says: "Āgama translates here as 'transmitting the expounded meaning'. Thus both the great and small teachings are universally called Āgama. Yet within the Hinayana, it is specifically divided into four collections: first, the Ekottara Āgama, which clarifies the causes and effects of humans and devas; second, the Dīrgha Āgama, which refutes wrong views; third, the Madhyama Āgama, which clarifies various profound meanings; fourth, the Saṃyukta Āgama, which clarifies various methods of dhyāna. Because the four Āgamas are the foremost of the teachings set forth in the turning of the wheel of the Dharma, they uniquely receive this name. Song's Fujiaobian, through failing to understand the general and the specific, was hesitant and indecisive, and his words branched off."