翻譯名義集 7.29

7.29

【Śalākā】 The *Dharmaguptaka-vinaya* says: "Here translated as tally." The *Mahīśāsaka-vinaya* says: "The shortest tally is the width of five fingers; the longest is a fist and one cubit; the thickest does not exceed the little finger; the thinnest must not be less than a chopstick." The *Sarvāstivāda-vinaya* says: "Because a dānapati inquired of the saṅgha and they did not know their number, the Buddha ordered the distribution of tallies. When they did not know the number of novices, tallies were distributed to count them. If someone offers poṣadha goods, novices also receive them. Although they do not go to the site of the poṣadha karma, it is because they receive tallies." The *Dharmaguptaka-vinaya* says: "Distributing tallies for receiving offerings extends to novices as well. Even if they have not yet received the ten precepts, they also may receive tallies, because they share in receiving the offerings." The *Yexhu* gives three kinds of tally distribution: first, uncovered; second, concealed (covering the tally with an object); third, whispering in the ear (encouraging at the ear). The *Shishi chao* says: "Nowadays, when monasteries assign turns for invitations among the saṅgha and exclude visiting monks, this saṅgha-rotation is conversely called 'transgressing the turn.' Causing a visiting monk to fail to receive what he should receive, the host commits a grave offense; according to how many were complicit, it is collectively a single theft."