翻譯名義集 7.29

7.29

【舍羅】《四分》：「此云籌。」《五分》：「籌極短並五指，極長拳一肘，極麁不過小指，極細不得減箸。」《十誦》云：「為檀越問僧不知數，佛令行籌，不知沙彌數，行籌數之。若人施布薩物，沙彌亦得。雖不往布薩羯磨處，由受籌故。」《四分》：「為受供行籌，通沙彌也。若未受十戒，亦得受籌，以同受供故。」《業疏》三種行籌：一頭露，二覆藏（以物覆籌），三耳語（耳畔勸勉）。《事鈔》云：「今僧寺中有差僧次請而簡客者，此僧次翻名越次也。即令客僧應得不得，主人犯重，隨同情者多少，通是一盜。」

【Śalākā】 The *Dharmaguptaka-vinaya* says: "Here translated as tally." The *Mahīśāsaka-vinaya* says: "The shortest tally is the width of five fingers; the longest is a fist and one cubit; the thickest does not exceed the little finger; the thinnest must not be less than a chopstick." The *Sarvāstivāda-vinaya* says: "Because a dānapati inquired of the saṅgha and they did not know their number, the Buddha ordered the distribution of tallies. When they did not know the number of novices, tallies were distributed to count them. If someone offers poṣadha goods, novices also receive them. Although they do not go to the site of the poṣadha karma, it is because they receive tallies." The *Dharmaguptaka-vinaya* says: "Distributing tallies for receiving offerings extends to novices as well. Even if they have not yet received the ten precepts, they also may receive tallies, because they share in receiving the offerings." The *Yexhu* gives three kinds of tally distribution: first, uncovered; second, concealed (covering the tally with an object); third, whispering in the ear (encouraging at the ear). The *Shishi chao* says: "Nowadays, when monasteries assign turns for invitations among the saṅgha and exclude visiting monks, this saṅgha-rotation is conversely called 'transgressing the turn.' Causing a visiting monk to fail to receive what he should receive, the host commits a grave offense; according to how many were complicit, it is collectively a single theft."