開元釋教錄 13.12

13.12

Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya, forty fascicles (also said to be thirty fascicles; four cases).
Translated jointly by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Buddhabhadra and Faxian under the Eastern Jin (sole translation).
The above scripture is the root Vinayapiṭaka, that is, the Vinaya of the Mahāsāṃghika school. After the Buddha's parinirvāṇa, the Venerable Kāśyapa gathered one thousand arhats and compiled it at the stone chamber in the Bamboo Grove of Rājagṛha.

Sarvāstivāda-vinaya (Daśabhāṇavāra-vinaya), sixty-one fascicles; six cases.
(The first fifty-eight fascicles were translated jointly by the Later Qin Tripiṭaka master Puṇyatāra and others with Kumārajīva; the latter three fascicles of the Vinaya Preface were subsequently translated by the Eastern Jin Tripiṭaka master Vimalākṣa).
The above scripture is the Vinayapiṭaka of the Sarvāstivāda school. Three hundred years after the Buddha's parinirvāṇa, it first emerged from the Sthavira school. (In this Sarvāstivāda-vinaya, the three fascicles of the Vinaya Preface are, in some copies of the scripture, arranged after the ninth recitation and before the tenth recitation, spanning from fascicle fifty-five to fifty-seven; this is an error. Examining ancient copies now, they are all at the very end. The ancient version is now taken as correct.)

Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya, fifty fascicles; five cases.
Translated by the Tripiṭaka master Yijing during the reign of Heavenly Empress [Wu Zetian] under the Great Tang (newly entered into the catalogue).

Mūlasarvāstivāda-bhikṣuṇī-vinaya, twenty fascicles; two cases.
Translated by the Great Tang Tripiṭaka master Yijing (newly entered into the catalogue).

Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya-kṣudrakavastu, forty fascicles; four cases.
Translated by the Great Tang Tripiṭaka master Yijing (newly entered into the catalogue).

Mūlasarvāstivāda-nidānamātṛkā, ten fascicles (or eight fascicles); one case.
Translated by the Tripiṭaka master Yijing during the reign of Heavenly Empress [Wu Zetian] under the Great Tang (newly entered into the catalogue).
The above four scriptures and the Daśabhāṇavāra-vinaya are all of the Sarvāstivāda school, yet their textual wording and underlying principles are not without differences from the Daśabhāṇavāra-vinaya; the reason for this is not yet clear.

Mahīśāsaka-vinaya (Pañcavargika-vinaya), thirty fascicles (also called the Mahīśāsaka-vinaya, or thirty-four fascicles); three cases.
Translated jointly by the Kashmir Tripiṭaka master Buddhajīva and Zhu Daosheng and others under the Liu Song (sole translation).
The above scripture is the Vinayapiṭaka of the Mahīśāsaka school. Within the three hundred years after the Buddha's parinirvāṇa, it emerged from the Sarvāstivāda school.

Dharmaguptaka-vinaya (Caturvargika-vinaya), sixty fascicles (or forty-five, or seventy fascicles; six cases).
Translated jointly by the Kashmir Tripiṭaka master Buddhayaśas and Zhu Fonian and others under the Later Qin (sole translation).
The above scripture is the Vinayapiṭaka of the Dharmaguptaka school. Within the three hundred years after the Buddha's parinirvāṇa, it emerged from the Mahīśāsaka school. (The Kāśyapīya school has only a prātimokṣa; its Vinayapiṭaka has not been translated).

Mahāsāṃghika-bhikṣu-prātimokṣa, one fascicle (also called Mahāsāṃghika-prātimokṣa).
Translated by the Eastern Jin Indian Tripiṭaka master Buddhabhadra (second translation; of two translations, one is lost).

Mahāsāṃghika-bhikṣuṇī-prātimokṣa, one fascicle (also called Mahāsāṃghika-prātimokṣa).
Translated jointly by the Pingyang śramaṇa Faxian and Juexian (Buddhabhadra) under the Eastern Jin (sole translation).

Sarvāstivāda-bhikṣu-prātimokṣa, one fascicle (also called Sarvāstivāda-prātimokṣa).
Translated by the Later Qin Tripiṭaka master Kumārajīva (third translation; of three translations, two are lost).

Sarvāstivāda-bhikṣuṇī-prātimokṣa, one fascicle (also called Sarvāstivāda-bhikṣuṇī-prātimokṣa-sūtra).
Compiled by the śramaṇa Shi Faying of Changgan Temple under the Liu Song.

Mūlasarvāstivāda-prātimokṣa-sūtra, one fascicle.
Translated by the Great Tang Tripiṭaka master Yijing (newly entered into the catalogue).

Mūlasarvāstivāda-bhikṣuṇī-prātimokṣa-sūtra, one fascicle.
Translated by the Great Tang Tripiṭaka master Yijing (newly entered into the catalogue).

Mahīśāsaka-bhikṣu-prātimokṣa, one fascicle (also called Mahīśāsaka-prātimokṣa).
Translated by the Kashmir Tripiṭaka master Buddhajīva and others under the Liu Song (sole translation).
The above seven scriptures, in seven fascicles, share the same case.

Mahīśāsaka-bhikṣuṇī-prātimokṣa, one fascicle (also called Mahīśāsaka-bhikṣuṇī-śīla).
Compiled by the Liang śramaṇa Shi Minghui at Jianchu Temple (extracted from Baochang's catalogue and appended).

Dharmaguptaka-bhikṣu-prātimokṣa, one fascicle (also called Caturvargika-prātimokṣa).
Compiled based on the vinaya by the śramaṇa Huaisu of West Taiyuan Temple under the Great Tang (newly entered into the catalogue).

Dharmaguptaka-bhikṣuṇī-prātimokṣa, one fascicle (also called Caturvargika-bhikṣuṇī-prātimokṣa).
Compiled based on the vinaya by the śramaṇa Huaisu of West Taiyuan Temple under the Great Tang (newly entered into the catalogue).

Dharmaguptaka-bhikṣu-prātimokṣa, one fascicle (or called Dharmaguptaka-prātimokṣa, or without the character 'saṃgha' [monk]).
Translated by the Kashmir Tripiṭaka master Buddhayaśas under the Later Qin (sole translation).
The genuine version of this prātimokṣa is the one that has no opening salutation verse, but has verses on entering the hall and so forth. (There were several circulating editions of the Dharmaguptaka monk and nun prātimokṣas, but they did not rely on the authentic text, adding and omitting haphazardly. Now, only Buddhayaśas's translation under the Later Qin and the compilation made according to the text by Patriarch Huaisu of Taiyuan are retained; all the rest are rejected and excluded from the catalogue).

Prātimokṣa of the Vimokṣa, one fascicle (derived from the Kāśyapīya school).
Translated by the Northern Wei Brahmin Gautama Prajñāruci (sole translation).

Ten Precepts and Deportment for Śrāmaṇeras, one fascicle (also called Śrāmaṇera Deportment and Precepts).
Anonymous translation (now appended to the Eastern Jin catalogue).

Śrāmaṇera Deportment, one fascicle (some titles have the word 'sūtra'; largely identical with the previous Deportment, with minor variations).
Translated by the Kashmir Tripiṭaka master Guṇavarman under the Liu Song.

Text on Renunciation of Precepts for Śrāmaṇerīs, one fascicle.
Anonymous translation (now appended to the Eastern Jin catalogue).

Śrāmaṇerī Precept Sūtra, one fascicle.
Anonymous translation (found in the Later Han catalogue, appended as an omission).

Sūtra of Śāriputra's Questions, one fascicle.
Anonymous translation (now appended to the Eastern Jin catalogue; sole translation).
The above ten scriptures, in ten fascicles, share the same case.

Mūlasarvāstivāda Ekottara-karman, ten fascicles; one case.
Translated by the Tripiṭaka master Yijing during the reign of Heavenly Empress [Wu Zetian] under the Great Tang (newly entered into the catalogue).

Ekottara-karman Procedures for Great Śramaṇas, one fascicle (derived from the Sarvāstivāda-vinaya).
An anonymous translation in Sengyou's catalogue (now appended to the Liu Song catalogue).

Essential Karmans for Bhikṣus from the Sarvāstivāda-vinaya, one fascicle (derived from the Sarvāstivāda-vinaya; or two fascicles).
Compiled based on the vinaya by the Liu Song śramaṇa Shi Sengqu at Zhongxing Temple in Yangdu.

Sūtra of Upāli's Questions to the Buddha, one fascicle (or called Upāli-vinaya).
Anonymous translation (in the Later Han catalogue; sole translation).

Mahīśāsaka Karman, one fascicle (titled Mahīśāsaka Karman Text).
Compiled by the śramaṇa Shi Aitong of the Great Kaiye Temple under the Great Tang (newly entered into the catalogue).

Dharmaguptaka Miscellaneous Karmans, one fascicle (titled Miscellaneous Karmans of the Dharmaguptaka Vinaya School, beginning with establishing the boundary for ordination).
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Saṅghavarman under the Cao Wei (appended as an omission).

Dharmaguptaka Karman, one fascicle (beginning with establishing the great boundary; or two fascicles).
Translated by the Parthian śramaṇa Dharmasatya under the Cao Wei.

Dharmaguptaka Bhikṣuṇī Karman Procedures, one fascicle (Sengyou calls it Dharmaguptaka Karman, or Miscellaneous Karmans).
Translated by the Kashmir Tripiṭaka master Guṇavarman under the Liu Song.
The above seven scriptures, in seven fascicles, share the same case.

Revised and Supplemented Karmans According to Circumstances from the Dharmaguptaka-vinaya, one fascicle.
Compiled by the śramaṇa Shi Daoxuan of Chongyi Temple under the Great Tang (newly entered into the catalogue).

Dharmaguptaka Monk Karmans, three fascicles (titled Karman, fascicle one; derived from the Dharmaguptaka-vinaya).
Compiled based on the vinaya by the śramaṇa Shi Huaisu of West Taiyuan Temple under the Great Tang (newly entered into the catalogue).

Dharmaguptaka Nun Karmans, three fascicles (titled Nun Karman, fascicle one; derived from the Dharmaguptaka-vinaya).
Compiled based on the vinaya by the śramaṇa Shi Huaisu of West Taiyuan Temple under the Great Tang (newly entered into the catalogue).
The above three scriptures, in seven fascicles, share the same case. (The above six texts of karmans are all drawn from the Dharmaguptaka, but their texts differ in brevity, detail, and order).

Mahāprajāpatī-bhikṣuṇī Sūtra, two fascicles (also called Mahāprajāpatī Receiving Precepts Sūtra, or simply Mahāprajāpatī Sūtra).
Anonymous translation (Sengyou's catalogue says: 'Master Daoan's distinct scripture from the Liang region'; now appended to the Northern Liang catalogue; sole translation).

Sūtra of Kāśyapa's Prohibitions, one fascicle (also named Mahā-bhikṣu Sūtra, also named Sūtra on True and False Śramaṇas).
Translated by the Liu Song lay devotee Juqu Jingsheng (second translation; of two translations, one is lost).
(Furthermore, among the various catalogues there is another Sūtra on True and False Śramaṇas in one fascicle, said to be translated by the Liu Song śramaṇa Huijian, which is the same translation as the Sūtra of Kāśyapa's Prohibitions. Upon examining the phrasing, it is completely identical from beginning to end with the Sūtra of Kāśyapa's Prohibitions; since there are no different readings, it is not listed twice).

Sūtra on the Gravity of Karmic Retributions for Violating Precepts, one fascicle (derived from the Sūtra of Maudgalyāyana's Questions on Vinaya; or called Sūtra of Maudgalyāyana's Questions).
Translated by the Later Han Parthian Tripiṭaka master An Shigao (appended as an omission; sole translation).

Sūtra on Dispelling Calamities through Precepts, one fascicle (or named Sūtra on Subduing and Dispelling Calamities through Precepts).
Translated by the Wu Yuezhi upāsaka Zhi Qian (sole translation).

Sūtra on the Characteristics of the Five Precepts for Upāsakas, one fascicle (also named Brief Treatise on the Five Precepts for Upāsakas).
Translated by the Kashmir Tripiṭaka master Guṇavarman under the Liu Song (first translation; of two translations, one is lost).
The scriptures and vinayas above are the authentic Vinayapiṭaka. The treatises and so forth below are called auxiliary works because they accord with the previous schools. The prātimokṣas and karmans merely extract the essentials according to the text without addition or reduction, and are therefore listed beforehand. Works such as the Vinaya-saṃgraha, relying on the root text, frequently have additions and subtractions, and are thus placed afterward.

Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya-kārikā, five fascicles (composed by the Venerable Viśākha).
Translated by the Great Tang Tripiṭaka master Yijing (newly entered into the catalogue; sole translation).

Summary Verses of the Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya-kṣudrakavastu, one fascicle.
Translated by the Great Tang Tripiṭaka master Yijing (newly entered into the catalogue; sole translation).

Summary Verses of the Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya-nidānamātṛkā, one fascicle.
Translated by the Great Tang Tripiṭaka master Yijing (newly entered into the catalogue; sole translation).

Sūtra of the Five Hundred Questions, one fascicle.
Anonymous translation (now appended to the Eastern Jin catalogue; appended as an omission).
The above nine scriptures, in fourteen fascicles, share the same case.

Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya-saṃgraha, twenty fascicles (compiled by the Venerable Viśeṣamitra; or fourteen fascicles, two cases).
Translated by the Tripiṭaka master Yijing during the reign of Heavenly Empress [Wu Zetian] under the Great Tang (newly entered into the catalogue; sole translation).

Vinaya-mātṛkā, ten fascicles; one case.
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Saṅghavarman under the Liu Song (sole translation).

Vinaya-sūtra, ten fascicles (one case; also named Sūtra on the Causes and Conditions of Precepts).
Translated during the Fu Qin by the Liangzhou śramaṇa Zhu Fonian under the Later Qin (sole translation).

Samantapāsādikā (Vinaya-vibhāṣā), eighteen fascicles (also called Vibhāṣā-vinaya, or simply Samantapāsādikā).
Translated by the foreign śramaṇa Saṅghabhadra under the Southern Qi (sole translation).

Buddhabhidharma Sūtra, two fascicles (also called Buddhabhidharma Śāstra).
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Paramārtha under the Chen (sole translation).
The above two scriptures, in twenty fascicles, occupy two cases. (Regarding the Buddhabhidharma Śāstra, the various catalogues all say nine fascicles, the reason for which is unclear; now there are only two fascicles. Previous catalogues categorized it among Mahāyāna treatises; examining its text and doctrines now, it mostly discusses matters such as ordaining people and receiving precepts, which correspond to this section, and it has therefore been moved and arranged here).

Vinayamātṛkā Sūtra, eight fascicles (also called Vinayamātṛkā Śāstra).
Anonymous translation (now appended to the Qin catalogue; sole translation).

Sūtra on the Three Thousand Deportments of a Great Bhikṣu, two fascicles (also called Deportment of Great Monks; or four fascicles).
Translated by the Parthian Tripiṭaka master An Shigao under the Later Han (sole translation).
The above two scriptures, in ten fascicles, share the same case. (Regarding the Vinayamātṛkā Sūtra, the Great Zhou Catalogue says: 'Translated by Fu Lan in the Tai'an era of the Eastern Jin, recorded in Fashang's catalogue.' Respectfully examining imperial chronological records, there was no Tai'an era during the Eastern Jin; the Tai'an era was under Emperor Hui of the Western Jin. When searching for Fashang's catalogue, it could not be obtained; the era already being erroneous, it cannot be relied upon. Furthermore, examining the text where Sanskrit terms are translated, it always says 'in the language of Qin'; hence it was translated during the Qin period. It is now treated as an anonymous translation and catalogued under the Qin. Regarding the Three Thousand Deportments Sūtra, Sengyou's catalogue of anonymous translations divides it into two works of two fascicles each; the catalogues of Fei Changfang and others all say that the two texts were combined to make four fascicles. Now there are only two, and the other two are no longer extant).

Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā, nine fascicles.
Anonymous translation (now appended to the Qin catalogue; sole translation).

Treatise Clarifying the Twenty-Two Points of Vinaya, one fascicle (also simply called Clarifying Treatise).
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Paramārtha under the Chen (sole translation).
The above two scriptures, in ten fascicles, share the same case. (This Clarifying Treatise comes from the Prātimokṣa Treatise of the Saṃmatīya school. That large treatise has not been translated and consists of six thousand verses in total. A master of that school, an anāgāmin named *Buddhadrākṣa (覺護), composed it based on the Vinayavibhāṣā and related texts; that which corresponded to the vinaya within it was condensed into one fascicle, called the Clarifying Treatise. This treatise explains twenty-two essential points of true meaning in the Vinayapiṭaka; being able to dispel the delusion and confusion in the minds of people of the true Dharma and penetrate the vinaya's meaning, it is called 'Clarifying'. In the Sui śramaṇa Fajing's catalogue and Changfang's catalogue of texts entered into the canon, they both divide it into two works: Vinaya in Twenty-Two Fascicles placed among the vinayas, and Clarifying Treatise in one fascicle recorded in the treatise catalogue. Furthermore, 'Vinaya Twenty-Two' is merely half of the title of the Clarifying Treatise; their preserving 'twenty-two fascicles' is a very great error, a very great error indeed).