開元釋教錄 3.7.7

3.7.7

They encountered a great storm; the ship was damaged and water entered. The people were terrified and immediately took sundry goods and threw them overboard. Faxian feared that the merchants would cast away his sūtras and images, so he single-mindedly concentrated on Avalokiteśvara and took refuge in the monastic community of the land of Han. The ship drifted with the wind and avoided destruction. After traveling for ninety days, they reached the country of Yavadvīpa, where he stayed for five months. He then joined another group of merchants heading east towards Guangzhou. Over a month after setting sail, a great gale suddenly blew up during the night, and the entire ship was thrown into panic and terror. The passengers debated together, saying, "It is because we carry this śramaṇa that we are driven to distress. We must not let the entire group perish on account of one single person!" and wished to shove him overboard. Faxian's dānapati berated the merchants in a stern voice, saying, "If you cast down this śramaṇa, you must also cast me down! Otherwise, you must kill me first! The emperor and kings of the land of Han revere the Buddha and respect the clergy. When I arrive there and report this to the king, he will surely punish you." The merchants looked at each other and turned pale, reluctantly desisting. When their water was exhausted and their provisions depleted, they simply drifted with the wind and followed the currents. Suddenly reaching the shore and seeing goosefoot greens, he clearly knew it was the land of Han, but could not tell which quarter. Thereupon, he took a small boat into an inlet looking for a village and encountered two hunters. Faxian asked, "What place is this?" The hunters said, "This is the southern shore of Mount Lao in Changguang Commandery of Qingzhou." The hunters returned and reported this to the commandery governor, Li Yi. Li Yi had always been a reverent believer; upon suddenly hearing that a śramaṇa had arrived from afar, he personally welcomed and comforted him. Faxian took the sūtras and images and returned with him. Soon afterwards he wished to return south. At that time, the inspector invited him to stay through the winter. Faxian said, "This poor monk threw his life into a land of no return, determined to propagate the teachings. What I set out to accomplish has not yet been completed; I cannot stay for long." He then proceeded south to Jiankang. At Da Chang Temple, joining the foreign dhyāna master Buddhabhadra, he translated six works including the Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra, and composed one fascicle of the Account of Travels in Tianzhu. After Faxian produced the Mahānirvāṇa-sūtra, he disseminated it to convert beings, so that all might see and hear it. There was a family whose names have been lost, residing near the Vermilion Bird Gate in the capital of Yang. For generations they had revered the right teachings; they personally copied a set to chant and make offerings to. Having no separate room for sūtras, it was kept in the same house with miscellaneous secular books. Later, wind and fire suddenly broke out and spread to their house; their property was completely consumed, yet only the Nirvāṇa-sūtra remained intact and complete: the ashes had not infringed upon it, and the color of the scrolls was unaltered. In the capital of Yang, all relayed this and praised it as miraculous. Later he went to Jingzhou and passed away at Xin Temple at the age of eighty-six. All mourned his passing with deep sorrow.
*Bodhisattva-daśabhūmika-sūtra*, one fascicle (a different translation of the "Chapter on the Ten Abodes" of the *Avataṃsaka*; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Ratnatathāgata-samādhi-sūtra*, two fascicles (or one fascicle, also titled *Wuji bao sanmei jing*; second translation, same text as the *Wuji bao jing*; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Dazhidu jing*, four fascicles (fifth translation, same text as Lokakṣema's *Daoxing jing* and the fourth assembly of the *Mahāprajñāpāramitā*, etc.; see Sengyou's catalogue and Zhu Daozu's catalogue).
*Sūtra on the Samantamukha Chapter*, one fascicle (second translation, same text as Dharmarakṣa's *Pumenpin* and the *Mañjuśrī-samantamukha Assembly* of the *Ratnakūṭa*; see Sengyou's catalogue and Zhu Daozu's catalogue).
*Aśokadattā-sūtra*, one fascicle (same text as the *Abhayadattā Assembly* of the *Ratnakūṭa*, etc.; third translation, see Changfang's catalogue).
*Māyopama-samādhi-sūtra*, two fascicles (same text as An Shigao's *Ruhuan sanmei* and the *Bhadramāyākāra Assembly* of the *Ratnakūṭa*, etc.; third translation, see Zhu Daozu's Jin catalogue).
*Maitreya-paripṛcchā-pūrvapraṇidhāna-sūtra*, one fascicle (same text as Dharmarakṣa's *Mile benyuan* and the *Maitreya-paripṛcchā Assembly* of the *Ratnakūṭa*; second translation, see Changfang's catalogue).
*Daśabhūmika-sūtra*, one fascicle (same text as Dharmarakṣa's *Pusa shidi jing*, etc.; third translation, see Changfang's catalogue).
*Vimalakīrti-sūtra*, four fascicles (same text as Yan Fotiao's ancient *Vimalakīrti*, etc.; fifth translation, Changfang states it is found in the *Southern New Catalogue*).
*Apeksā-samudghāta-sūtra*, one fascicle (third translation, same text as the *Hasti-kakṣya-sūtra*, etc.; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Fuguang jing*, one fascicle (also written as *Ruguang*; same text as the *Duzi jing*, etc.; fourth translation, see Changfang's catalogue).
*Tathāgata-pratyekabuddha-svapratijñā-samādhi-sūtra*, one fascicle (third translation, same text as An Shigao's *Zishi sanmei jing*, etc.; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Samantabhadra-dhyāna-sūtra*, one fascicle (also titled *Guan Puxian pusa jing*; Changfang states it is found in the *Daohui Catalogue*; first translation).
*Mālā-sūtra*, twelve fascicles (also titled *Xianqian bao*; same text as Zhu Fonian's *Pusa yingluo*; or fourteen fascicles; Changfang states it is found in the *Southern New Catalogue*; first translation).
*Zhaoming sanmei jing*, one fascicle (second translation, see Changfang's catalogue).
*Dhyāna-sūtra*, four fascicles (Changfang states it is found in the *Southern New Catalogue*).
*Fameijin jing*, one fascicle (see Changfang's catalogue).
*Bodhisattva-posadha-sūtra*, one fascicle (third translation, see Changfang's catalogue).
*Sūtra on the Elder Wei-ge's Worship in Six Directions*, one fascicle (also written as Weihua; second translation, see Changfang's catalogue; a different translation from the thirty-third fascicle of the *Madhyama-āgama*).
*Aṅgulimāla-sūtra*, one fascicle (also written as *Zhiji*; a different translation from the thirty-first fascicle of the *Ekottarika-āgama*; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Suoyu zhihuan jing*, one fascicle (second translation, see Changfang's catalogue).
*Sūtra on the Abandonment of Practice due to the Hindrances and Skeptical Doubts*, one fascicle (second translation, see Changfang's catalogue).
*Piṇḍapāta-sūtra*, one fascicle (see Changfang's catalogue).
The above twenty-three works in forty-five fascicles (the first two works in three fascicles are extant; the twenty-one works below *Dazhidu jing*, totaling forty-two fascicles, are lost).
Śramaṇa Jñānamitra (also called Jñamita; translated into Jin as Geyou) was a man from the Western Regions. His intellectual nature was perceptive and acute; he was intelligent, penetrating, vast, and far-reaching. Aspiring to propagate the teaching, he did not shrink from traveling afar. During the Jin dynasty, he translated twenty-three works, including the *Bodhisattva-daśabhūmika-sūtra*. The various catalogues all say that Jñānamitra translated them during the Jin era, without specifying which emperor's reign. If not during the periods of Xiankang or Luoyang, it should be in Jiangnan. One work is recorded in Sengyou's catalogue; Changfang says the remainder are all displayed in various miscellaneous and separate catalogues. There are also the *Baoshinü jing* (extracted from the *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra*) and the *Māndhātṛ-rāja-sūtra* (extracted from the *Ṣaṭpāramitā-saṃgraha*), which, being extracted texts, have been deleted and not recorded.
*Mahāyāna-upāyakaushalya-sūtra*, three fascicles (translated in the second year of Yuanxi; third translation; or two fascicles; same text as Dharmarakṣa's *Da shanquan jing*, etc.; see the *Shixing Catalogue*; now incorporated into the *Ratnakūṭa* as the thirty-eighth assembly).
*Sūtra of the Dhāraṇī Incantation for Invoking Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva to Quell and Subdue Poisonous Evils*, one fascicle (also titled simply *Qing Guanshiyin jing*; second translation, see Fashang's catalogue).
*Sūtra on the Elder Wei-ge's Worship in Six Directions*, one fascicle (translated in Guangzhou during the Jin-Song transition; a different translation from the thirty-third fascicle of the *Madhyama-āgama*; see the *Shixing Catalogue* and Baochang's catalogue).
The above three works in five fascicles (the former two works in four fascicles are extant; the latter one work in one fascicle is lost).
The Upāsaka Zhu Nandi (translated into Jin as Xi) was a man from the Western Regions. He was tireless in his devotion to the Way and at ease during long travels. He had a deep understanding of the subtle import and was well-versed in Jin speech and customs. Beginning in the first year of Yuanxi under Emperor Gong (jiwei) and extending into the Song dynasty, he translated three works, including the *Mahāyāna-upāyakaushalya-sūtra*.