華嚴略疏卷第三 3.36

3.36

初願中已說調柔。次說發趣果利益勝中三。一法說。二喻說。三合喻。論云相者隨諸地中障對治相故。果者得世間出世間智地成故。地諸法者。謂信等為滿足彼故。有五種方便。一觀方便。二得方便。三增上方便。四不退方便。五盡至方便。觀方便者對治成壞二句是也。得者行果得諸地清淨三句是也。增上者從一地是處轉所住勝進業四句是也。不退者得不退轉是。盡至者知一切菩薩淨地法入如來智地。商主已下喻顯多持人眾向大城者令得正行也。故商主有二。一不迷道方便。先問等是。二資具利益方便。具諸資用等是。三亦復如是合喻也。

Pliancy was already explained in the initial vow. Next, [the text] explains the superiority of the benefit of the fruit of setting forth, in which there are three parts: (1) exposition of doctrine; (2) exposition of the simile; (3) application of the simile. The treatise states that 'characteristics' refers to the characteristics of the antidotes to the obstructions in the various grounds. 'Fruit' refers to the attainment of the worldly and supramundane grounds of knowledge being accomplished. 'The various dharmas of the grounds' refers to faith and so forth; in order to bring them to fulfillment, there are five kinds of expedient means: (1) the expedient means of contemplation; (2) the expedient means of attainment; (3) the expedient means of progression; (4) the expedient means of non-retrogression; (5) the expedient means of culmination. The expedient means of contemplation consists of the two clauses on antidoting formation and disintegration. Attainment consists of the three clauses on the fruit of practice attaining the purification of the various grounds. Progression consists of the four clauses on the activities of advancing superiorly, shifting the station from one ground to this place. Non-retrogression is attaining non-retrogression. Culmination is knowing all bodhisattva purifying dharmas of the grounds and entering the Tathāgata's ground of knowledge. From 'the caravan leader' onwards, the simile reveals guiding a multitude of people toward a great city so as to cause them to attain correct practice. Thus, the caravan leader has two aspects: (1) the expedient means of not losing the way, such as inquiring beforehand; (2) the expedient means of the benefit of provisions, such as being fully equipped with all provisions. (3) 'Likewise is it' is the application of the simile.