維摩經疏 1.12

1.12

上嘆自分下嘆勝進。於中先明修法身行。先無量功德皆成就下修淨土行。此二之中各自利他。修法身中先明自利。開閉已下明其利他。前自利中近無等等明修至。果佛比餘生名為無等。佛佛道齊故復言等。剋證不遙故名為近。佛自在惠辨出無等。佛智無礙故曰自在。十力無畏十八不共顯自在惠。言十力者。一是處非處力。二業力。三定力。四根力。五欲力。六性力。七至處道力。八宿命力。九天眼力。十漏盡力。義如別章。此應具論。四無畏者。一一切智無畏。二漏盡無畏。三能說障道。四能說盡善道。備如後釋。所言十八不共法者。毘曇宣說十力四無畏大非三念處以為十八。依大品經。別有名字。三業無失無異相無不定心無不知已捨。是其初六。欲無減精進無減念無減智慧無減解脫無減解脫知見無減。是其中六。三業隨智慧行了達三世。是其後六。亦如後解。

Above, their own portion was praised; below, their superior progress is praised. Therein, cultivating the practices of the dharmakāya is first clarified. First, from "immeasurable merits are all accomplished" onward, cultivating the practices of the pure land [is clarified]. In both of these, each has svārtha and parārtha. In cultivating the dharmakāya, svārtha is clarified first. From "opening and closing" onward, parārtha is clarified. In the preceding svārtha, "approaching the unequalled" clarifies cultivation reaching the fruit. The Buddha, compared to other living beings, is called "unequalled"; because the path of Buddha and Buddha is equal, it is also said to be "equal." Because direct realization is not far off, it is called "approaching." "The Buddha's sovereign wisdom" distinguishes the unexcelled. The Buddha's wisdom is unimpeded, hence called "sovereign." The ten powers, the fearlessnesses, and the eighteen unshared dharmas reveal sovereign wisdom. As for the ten powers: first, the power of knowing what is possible and impossible; second, the power of karma; third, the power of dhyāna; fourth, the power of faculties; fifth, the power of desires; sixth, the power of natures; seventh, the power of the paths leading to all destinations; eighth, the power of previous lives; ninth, the power of the divine eye; tenth, the power of the destruction of outflows. Their meaning is as explained in a separate chapter, which should be discussed fully. As for the four fearlessnesses: first, fearlessness regarding omniscience; second, fearlessness regarding the destruction of outflows; third, ability to expound the obstacles to the path; fourth, ability to expound the path of exhausted wholesomeness. These are fully explained below. As for the eighteen unshared dharmas: the Abhidharma proclaims the ten powers, the four fearlessnesses, great [compassion], and the three applications of mindfulness to be the eighteen. According to the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra, there are different names: no error in bodily, verbal, and mental actions; no perception of difference; no uncollected mind; no unconsidered indifference—these are the first six. No decline in aspiration, no decline in vigor, no decline in mindfulness, no decline in wisdom, no decline in liberation, no decline in the knowledge and vision of liberation—these are the middle six. Bodily, verbal, and mental actions following wisdom, and thoroughly penetrating the three times—these are the latter six. These are also explained below.