維摩經疏 1.15

1.15

如是一切功德具足總以結嘆。言皆具者。解有兩義。一就人以論。所列菩薩齊具前德故云皆具。二就德而辨。於前德中無德不備故云皆具。次列其名。菩薩眾多文中且列五十二人。菩薩之名皆依德立。言等觀者。多觀真諦平等法也。不等觀者。多觀世諦差別法也。等不等者。二諦通觀。此約惠別定。自在王依定立稱。此前約行。其法自在及與法相約法以別如是等也。如是菩薩三萬二千。

"Endowed with all such merits" concludes and praises them as a whole. As for "all endowed," the explanation has two meanings: first, discussing it in terms of the persons, the listed bodhisattvas equally possess the former virtues, hence "all endowed"; second, distinguishing it in terms of virtues, among the former virtues there is no virtue that is not complete, hence "all endowed." Next, their names are listed. The bodhisattvas are numerous; in the text fifty-two persons are provisionally listed. The names of the bodhisattvas are all established according to virtue. "Equal Contemplation" means mostly contemplating the equal Dharma of paramārtha; "Unequal Contemplation" means mostly contemplating the differentiated dharmas of saṃvṛtisatya; "Equal-and-Unequal" means contemplating both truths thoroughly. This is distinguished in terms of discernment. "Samādhi Sovereign King" establishes its name based on samādhi. The preceding are based on practice. "Dharma Sovereign" and "Dharma Marks" are distinguished based on the Dharma, and so forth. There were thirty-two thousand such bodhisattvas.