四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 2.60

2.60

若比丘雜野蠶綿作新臥具尼薩耆波逸提　此滿足戒文有三句。一犯人。二所犯事。三所為罪。言若比丘者。義如上釋。言雜野蠶綿蠶者。西方無家蠶。用野蠶作綿。成其三衣。外國作衣凡有二種。一細擗布貯如作栴法。二綿作縷織成衣。善見云。乃至雜一毛便犯。憍奢邪者絲中微者。蠶口初出名也。五分云。蠶家施綿受已施僧。不得自入。故知所制意重　野蠶尚犯。何況家蠶。雜綿尚犯。何況純作。言薩耆波逸提者。是犯名。多論若無蠶家。乞繭自作綿無罪。為賣故是虫者吉。作不應量衣及敷具吉。自作教他成者犯墮。不成吉羅。犯尼薩耆衣應捨斧若斤剉斬。和泥以塗壁等用不得更著。若受用著著著得罪。不犯中。律云。若得已成。若乞成貯衣。若虫壞者一切不犯黑羊毛作臥具戒第十二　所以不聽者。此毛貴物。無宜下用虛損施物。作無用之費。經營妨道。復招譏醜。是故須制　通緣如上。別緣有四。一純黑羊毛。貴好出四大國。貴而難得。二作臥具。三為己。四作成便犯。已下正明戒本。此因六群比丘見諸梨車子。作黑㲲被譏嫌。比丘舉過。佛便制戒。

"If a bhikṣu makes a new sleeping mat mixed with wild-silkworm floss, it is a niḥsargika-prāyaścittika." This complete precept has three clauses: 1. The offender; 2. The matter of the offense; 3. The incurred offense. 'If a bhikṣu' is explained as above. Regarding 'silkworms of mixed wild-silkworm floss': in the western regions there are no domesticated silkworms; they use wild silkworms to make silk floss to fashion their three robes. In foreign lands, making robes generally has two methods: first, finely tearing cloth to stuff inside, like the method of making felt; second, spinning floss into thread and weaving it into robes. The Samantapāsādikā states that even mixing in a single fiber constitutes an offense. Kauśeya refers to the finest among silks, the name for what first emerges from the mouth of the silkworm. The Mahīśāsaka Vinaya states that if a silkworm-raising household offers floss, after receiving it one must give it to the Sangha and cannot keep it for oneself; thus we know that the intent behind this prohibition is weighty. If wild silkworms are already an offense, how much more so domesticated silkworms? If mixed floss is already an offense, how much more so using it purely? 'Niḥsargika-prāyaścittika' is the name of the offense. The Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā states: if there are no silkworm-raising households, begging cocoons and making floss oneself incurs no offense; if done for sale, because they are worms, it is a duṣkṛta; making robes and mats not of the prescribed dimensions is a duṣkṛta; making it oneself or instructing another, when finished, is an offense of falling (prāyaścittika); if not finished, it is a duṣkṛta. A robe that incurs a niḥsargika should be forfeited and chopped up with an axe or hatchet, mixed with clay to smear walls and the like, and may not be worn again. If one makes use of it and wears it, every time one wears it one commits an offense. Regarding non-offenses, the Vinaya states: if one obtains what is already made, or if one begs for finished stuffed robes, or if it is worm-eaten, none of these constitute an offense. Twelfth precept: On using black sheep's wool to make a sleeping mat. The reason it is not permitted: this wool is a precious material and not suitable for base use; it wastes the offerings of donors and creates useless expenditure; processing it obstructs the Path and further invites criticism and ugliness; therefore it had to be prohibited. The general conditions are as above. There are four specific conditions: 1. Purely black sheep's wool, which is precious and fine, produced in the four great kingdoms, valuable and hard to obtain; 2. Making a sleeping mat; 3. For oneself; 4. Committing an offense upon completion. Below, the text of the precept is properly explained. This was because the group of six bhikṣus saw the Licchavi youths making black woolen cloth and were criticized and censured; the bhikṣus reported the fault, and the Buddha thereupon formulated the precept.