四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 3.30

3.30

若比丘取僧繩床木床若臥具坐蓐露地敷若教人敷捨去不自舉不教人舉波逸提　此滿足戒本文有四句。一犯人。二是僧物。三露已下正明受用。四捨去已下結不舉之罪。一言若比丘者。義如上辨。二言取僧物者。律云。僧者謂四方現前僧。言物者繩床有五。旋脚直脚曲脚入𭠷無脚。木床亦有五種。如上所說。臥具或用坐或用臥。坐蓐者擬常用坐。此等四種皆是僧物。三言露地敷若教人敷。是其露地受用。四言捨去不自舉不教人舉波逸提者。是不舉之罪。律云。若比丘敷僧物已而不收舉。出寺時不囑知事者。出門便犯墮。若方便還悔者吉羅。若二人同座下座收。不者犯二罪。上座犯一提。若俱不收二俱墮。故論云。上座與下座同一床座。下座謂上座不收下座犯提及吉。上座意謂下座當收。下座竟不收。上座犯提。二人不前不後俱不收二俱得提。若露敷僧物而入房思惟吉。五分見僧臥具在露地。以不自敷不使人敷。故而不舉亦墮。到尼寺敷尼僧臥具。不舉亦提。又俗人家會借僧臥具。食訖比丘不舉亦墮。祇云。若行路中挹亂草坐已去時聚已當去。多云。露地敷已不囑人。遊行諸房吉。不犯者。律云。若取僧物露地敷。去時語知事人令知。若無餘人當舉著屏處。若無屏處必知不失。當持麁者露好者上。若即時還便應墮。雨中疾及時還往。彼次第作如是方便應去。若不爾者初出門即犯罪。

"If a bhikṣu takes a rope bed, wooden bed, bedding, or sitting mat belonging to the Saṅgha, spreads it or has someone spread it in the open, and departs without taking it up himself or having someone take it up, it is a prāyaścittika." / In this full text of the precept, there are four clauses: first, the person committing the offense; second, that it belongs to the Saṅgha; third, from "in the open" onward, which directly clarifies the use; fourth, from "departs" onward, which concludes with the offense for not putting it away. / First, "if a bhikṣu": the meaning is as explained above. / Second, "takes… belonging to the Saṅgha": the Vinaya states, "'Saṅgha' refers to the Saṅgha of the four directions and the present Saṅgha." Regarding "belonging to [the Saṅgha]," rope beds are of five kinds: those with revolving legs, straight legs, curved legs, legs fitted into mortises, and legless. Wooden beds are also of five kinds, as stated above. Bedding is used either for sitting or for lying down. Sitting mats are intended for regular use in sitting. These four types are all Saṅgha property. / Third, "spreads it or has someone spread it in the open": this is its use in the open. / Fourth, "departs without taking it up himself or having someone take it up, it is a prāyaścittika": this is the offense for not putting it away. The Vinaya states, "If a bhikṣu, having spread property of the Saṅgha, does not put it away, and when leaving the monastery does not entrust it to the manager, as soon as he steps out of the gate he commits a prāyaścittika. If by expedient means he turns back having felt remorse, it is a duṣkṛta." If two people share the seat, the junior monk puts it away; if he does not, he commits two offenses, while the senior monk commits one prāyaścittika. If neither of them puts it away, both commit a prāyaścittika. Therefore the treatise says: "A senior monk and a junior monk share the same bed or seat. The junior monk thinks the senior will not put it away; the junior monk commits a prāyaścittika and a duṣkṛta. The senior monk intends that the junior monk should put it away, but the junior monk never puts it away; the senior monk commits a prāyaścittika. If neither goes before the other and neither puts it away, both incur a prāyaścittika." If one spreads Saṅgha property in the open and enters a room to meditate, it is a duṣkṛta. The Mahīśāsaka Vinaya states: "Seeing Saṅgha bedding in the open, because one did not spread it oneself nor have someone spread it, yet fails to put it away, one also commits a prāyaścittika." Going to a nunnery, spreading bedding belonging to the bhikṣuṇī-saṅgha, and failing to put it away is also a prāyaścittika. Furthermore, when borrowing Saṅgha bedding for a gathering at a layperson's house, if a bhikṣu does not put it away after eating, he also commits a prāyaścittika. The Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya states: "If while walking along the road one plucks loose grass to sit on, when leaving one should gather it together and then depart." The Vibhāṣā says: "Having spread it in the open, if one does not entrust it to someone and wanders among the various rooms, it is a duṣkṛta." / Exceptions: The Vinaya states, "If one takes Saṅgha property and spreads it in the open, upon leaving, if one informs the manager so that he knows; or if there is no other person, one should take it up and place it in a secluded place; if there is no secluded place and one is certain it will not be lost, one should place the coarse ones out and the fine ones above; if one will return immediately [and does so before rain falls], then one would incur a prāyaścittika [only if rain falls]; if in the rain one quickly returns in time—if one takes such expedients in sequence, one may depart. If it is not so, upon first stepping out the gate one commits the offense."