律戒本疏 1.128

1.128

七十五說說戒時作是言我今未學是戒先當問誦修多羅比尼摩得勒伽者墮　僧尼戒有同有異。若尼戒異集二眾結之。若同戒集僧結之。後語令知。長老跋者清淨有德僧差詣尼。宣說同戒。善好諸尼。皆悉受持。偷蘭難陀輕勅不受言。當問三種法師。因是集僧復同結戒。若說戒時作如是言。僧尼俱墮。若聞說五篇戒。及餘入比尼戒經時。作如是上言。一一墮。若說餘經時經心不受言。我當先問誦三種經者。一一突。三種經中或說戒。或說法。說此經時聞戒不受。一一墮。聞法不受突。摩得勒伽分別法相如阿毘曇也。十二年中未結七眾戒。犯惡未障道法。十二年後咸結同戒。或結異戒如結四種則七眾同結。後但宣語不復別制科目。雖異遮道則同。若比丘欲聞法利者。是戒中應學亦應問。誦三種經人俱不起輕心。不受戒法耳。

75. Saying at the time of reciting the precepts: 'I have not yet studied this precept; I should first ask those who recite the sūtras, vinaya, and mātṛkā,' is a pāyattika. Precepts for monks and nuns have similarities and differences. If a nun's precept is different, the two assemblies are gathered to formulate it. If it is a common precept, the monks' Saṃgha is gathered to formulate it, and later they are informed to let them know. The elder Bāṣpa, pure and virtuous, was appointed by the Saṃgha to go to the nuns and declare the common precepts. All the good nuns received and upheld them. Sthūlanandā treated the instruction lightly and would not receive it, saying that one should ask the three kinds of Dharma masters. On this account, the Saṃgha was gathered to formulate the precept jointly again. If at the time of reciting the precepts one speaks like this, both monks and nuns incur a pāyattika. If upon hearing the recitation of the five categories of precepts and the other Vinaya precept sūtras one speaks as above, each is a pāyattika. When other sūtras are being spoken, if one mentally rejects them, saying, 'I should first ask those who recite the three kinds of scriptures,' each is a duṣkṛta. Among the three kinds of scriptures, sometimes they expound precepts, sometimes they expound Dharma. When such a scripture is spoken, if upon hearing precepts one does not receive them, each is a pāyattika; if upon hearing Dharma one does not receive it, it is a duṣkṛta. The mātṛkā analyzes the characteristics of dharmas like the Abhidharma. During the first twelve years, precepts for the sevenfold assembly were not yet formulated; committing evil did not yet obstruct the path. After twelve years, all formulated common precepts, or formulated different precepts; like formulating the four kinds [of pārājika], then the sevenfold assembly formulated them together. Afterwards, it was merely declared without separate formulations of headings. Though different, they are identical in obstructing the path. If a monk wishes to hear the benefit of the Dharma, within these precepts he should study and should also ask. Those who recite the three kinds of scriptures together do not give rise to a slighting mind or fail to receive the rules of the precepts.