四部律并論要用抄 2.46

2.46

九十事中　壞鬼神村戒　四分云。草非一名。一切草木皆鬼神所依。故云鬼神村也。餘律名殺眾草木戒　僧祇云。比丘作方便自截五生種。竟日不止得一波逸提。中間息已更截。隨意一一波逸提。教人如是。此明一葉為一罪　十誦家一根一子各一罪　又十誦云。落生菓墮落熟菓突吉羅　僧祇云。半熟者越毘尼。全熟者無犯。翻覆水中浮萍越毘尼。擲岸上墮　十誦云。取浮萍名葦突吉羅。空中飛落樹菓無罪　又僧祇云。比丘須水至池邊水上遍有萍草者。當覓牛馬行處。蛇蟆行處取水。若無者取土凷向上擲言。至梵天去。凷下打水開處得取。若夏中衣上坐湄使淨人知著。日中就已得自柔却。石上生衣亦使淨人知却。然後浣衣。若淨人取五生種。一切皆言知是淨　五分云。比丘須五種。應淨人言。汝知是。若下解復語言。汝看是。若故不解復語言。我須是。猶故不解復語言。與我是作。如是語索者犯。

Among the ninety items: The precept against destroying village of ghosts and spirits: The Caturvargika[-vinaya] states: "Grass does not have a single name. All grasses and trees are what ghosts and spirits depend upon; therefore they are called 'villages of ghosts and spirits.'" Other Vinayas name it the precept against killing various grasses and trees. The Mahāsāṃghika[-vinaya] states: "If a monk employs skillful means to cut the five kinds of living seeds himself, and does not stop all day, he incurs one prāyaścittika. If he rests in between and cuts again, he incurs a prāyaścittika for each instance according to intention. Instructing another person is likewise." This clarifies that one leaf constitutes one offense. According to the school of the Daśādhyāya[-vinaya], each root and each seed is an offense. Furthermore, the Daśādhyāya[-vinaya] states: "Causing an unripe fruit to fall or causing a ripe fruit to fall is a duṣkṛta." The Mahāsāṃghika[-vinaya] states: "Half-ripe ones are vinayātikrama; fully ripe ones incur no offense. Turning over floating duckweed in water is a vinayātikrama; casting it onto the bank causes it to fall." The Daśādhyāya[-vinaya] states: "Taking duckweed called reed is a duṣkṛta. When flying through the air, causing tree fruits to drop incurs no offense." Furthermore, the Mahāsāṃghika[-vinaya] states: "If a monk needs water and goes to the edge of a pond where duckweed covers the water, he should look for where cattle and horses tread, or where snakes and frogs tread, to draw water. If there are none, he should take a clod of earth, throw it upward, and say: 'Go to the Brahmā heaven!' Where the clod falls and strikes the water open, he may draw water. If during summer moss forms on his robes or seat, he should have a pure man recognize and take it; when dried in the sun, he may himself rub it off. When moss grows on stones, he should also have a pure man recognize and remove it, and only then wash his robes. If a pure man takes the five kinds of living seeds, he should in all cases say: 'Recognize this as pure.'" The Mahīśāsaka[-vinaya] states: "If a monk needs the five kinds [of seeds], he should say to a pure man: 'Do you recognize this?' If he does not understand, say to him again: 'Look at this.' If he still does not understand, say to him again: 'I need this.' If he still does not understand, say to him again: 'Give this to me.' Demanding them with such words constitutes an offense."