四部律并論要用抄 2.52

2.52

足食已不作餘食法戒　僧祇云。足有八種。一自恣足謂食五正五雜。正自恣滿足。口言足。起離處不作殘食者墮。二少欲足。食正食時動手現少取相。離坐不作殘食者犯。三穢污足。若行食人手有瘡疥。及餘人不淨。比丘見惡之不用過去。此名為足。四雜足。行食人持乳酪器盛食行。比丘見已惡之言不用過去。即名犯足。五不便足。行食時比丘問是何食。答言[麩-夫+少]。比丘言。此動我風我不便過去。此亦名足。餘不便食亦如是。六諂曲足。行正食時畏口言足。現手作相。若搖頭若縮鉢作相。名犯足食。七停住足。行正食時言先行飯。恐先行等亦即犯足。若作維那指示現相者不名足。八自足。有比丘至白衣家。放[麩-夫+少]飯囊著一處。從檀越乞水欲飲。檀越念言。此比丘正當須[麩-夫+少]。即問言。須[麩-夫+少]不。比丘謂家中取[麩-夫+少]施即答言。須是。白衣即捉比丘[麩-夫+少]囊。授與比丘。比丘以惜己[麩-夫+少]故便言置。置此亦犯足。若八事中犯一破威儀。已不作餘食。食者口口墮。不犯者一切餅一切菓一切菜粥。初出釜畫字者非處處食非。

The precept against eating without performing the ritual of leftover food after being sated: The Mahāsāṃghika[-vinaya] states: "There are eight kinds of satiety. First, self-willed satiety: when eating the five primary foods and the five secondary foods, being fully satisfied at will, saying with the mouth 'I am sated,' and rising and leaving the place without performing the ritual of leftover food incurs a falling offense. Second, satiety from few desires: while eating primary food, moving the hands to show a sign of taking little, and leaving the seat without performing the ritual of leftover food constitutes an offense. Third, defilement satiety: if the person distributing food has ulcers or scabies on their hands, or other impurities, and a monk sees this, is disgusted, and says he does not need it and passes it by, this is called satiety. Fourth, mixed satiety: the person distributing food holds a milk and curd vessel containing food and distributes it; the monk sees this, is disgusted, and says he does not need it and passes it by, which constitutes the offense of satiety. Fifth, inconvenience satiety: when distributing food, the monk asks, 'What food is this?' The answer is 'roasted grain flour.' The monk says, 'This stirs up my wind; it does not suit me,' and passes it by; this is also called satiety. Other foods that do not suit him are likewise. Sixth, flattery satiety: when distributing primary food, fearing to say 'sated' with the mouth, he makes a sign with his hands, shakes his head, or pulls back his bowl to make a sign; this constitutes the offense of satiety. Seventh, pausing satiety: when distributing primary food, he says, 'Serve the rice first,' fearing being served first, etc., which also constitutes the offense of satiety. If the karmadāna makes gestures to instruct, it is not called satiety. Eighth, self-satiety: a monk goes to a layman's house, puts down his sack of roasted grain flour and cooked rice in one place, and begs water from the donor wishing to drink. The donor thinks: 'This monk must surely need roasted grain flour,' and asks: 'Do you need roasted grain flour?' The monk, thinking that they will take roasted grain flour from the house to give him, answers: 'I need it.' The layman then grabs the monk's own sack of roasted grain flour and hands it to the monk. The monk, begrudging his own roasted grain flour, says: 'Put it down, put it down!' This also constitutes the offense of satiety. If one violates any of these eight matters, breaking decorum, and eats without performing the ritual of leftover food, every mouthful is a falling offense. Those that do not constitute an offense are: all cakes, all fruits, all vegetables, and gruel; and when it first emerges from the pot and one draws characters upon it, it is not [subject to the rule of] eating in different places, and is not an offense."