四部律并論要用抄 2.26

2.26

Falsely claiming to have attained superhuman qualities. A monk said: “I have attained the four fruits.” It is a sthūlātyaya. The Mātṛkā-śāstra explains: “There are two kinds of attainment. One: if one had already regressed and now says one has regressed, this is not an attainment, so there is no offense.” Someone asked a monk, “Have you attained the fruit of a śramaṇa?” The monk, because he was holding a piece of fruit in his hand, replied, “I have attained it.” Is it an offense or not? Answer: “It is a sthūlātyaya.” The treatise explains: “If the intention was the fruit of a śramaṇa, it constitutes a heavy offense.” Someone said: “If the Venerable is an arhat, accept these robes and goods.” If the monk accepts them silently, it is a sthūlātyaya. There was a monk who regularly went to a lay patron’s household. When the time came, he put on his robes, took his bowl, and stood before the layperson’s house. The householder said to the monk: “Venerable, if you are an arhat, enter my house, sit, accept robes and food, make aspirations, and depart.” The monk entered silently, accepted the offerings of robes and food, and departed: he incurred a sthūlātyaya. (The above is from the Daśādhyāya-vinaya.) The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: “A monk said to a layperson, ‘The monks of such-and-such monastery are none of them ordinary mortals.’ He incurs a vinayātikrama. If he says, ‘I am also among them,’ he incurs a sthūlātyaya. If the donor asks, ‘Has the Venerable attained these dharmas?’ and he replies that he has attained them, he incurs a heavy offense. If a monk says of himself, ‘Do I have the knowledge of dharmas?’ it is a vinayātikrama. If he says, ‘I have the knowledge of dharmas,’ it is a sthūlātyaya. If he says, ‘I have attained the knowledge of dharmas,’ it constitutes a heavy offense.” Human dharmas are the five desires and the five hindrances, except for a man entering a monastery. Superhuman dharmas are the four applications of mindfulness, the eightfold path, the four fruits, the four dhyānas, the eight concentrations, the eight masteries, the nine successive absorptions, and the ten totality-bases. Sexual misconduct takes defiled pleasure to benefit oneself and harm the owner; killing terminates life; lying takes clear disclosure [to deceive]. It also distinguishes between destinies and noble or base, identically to killing and theft.