四部律并論要用抄 2.5

2.5

The thirty-first fascicle of the Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya explains entrustment: The Buddha was staying in Śrāvastī. At that time, a monk said to another monk: 'Care for me, and I will give the elder my robes and bowl.' Then the sick monk died. The monks gathered and wished to divide his robes and bowl. The gilānopasthāyaka said: 'When this monk was alive, he told me: "Take good care of me and I will give you my robes and bowl."' The monks reported this circumstance to the Buddha. The Buddha said: 'Had he already given them, or not?' They replied: 'He had not given them.' The Buddha said: 'Having not given them, and having already died, a vinayātikrama offense is incurred; that person should not receive them.' Furthermore, the Buddha was in Śrāvastī. At that time, a sick monk said to a monk: 'Care for me, and I will give the elder my robes and bowl.' He gave them immediately. Having received them, [the recipient] did not make them pure (vikalpana) and placed them back beside the sick person. Then the sick monk died. The monks reported this matter to the Buddha. The Buddha asked: 'Did he make them pure, or not make them pure?' They replied: 'He did not make them pure.' The Buddha said: 'He should not receive them.' Furthermore, the previous circumstances recurred, up to the Buddha asking: 'Did he make them pure or not?' They replied: 'He made them pure.' The Buddha said: 'He should receive them.' At that time, the Venerable Upāli, knowing the proper time, asked: 'World-Honoured One, may a sick monk, on the verge of death, entrust and give his belongings to someone?' The Buddha said: 'He may.' He asked again: 'May he entrust them to pay the cost of medicine and doctors?' The Buddha said: 'He may. If he entrusts them saying: "If I do not recover, I shall give them; if I recover, it counts as relinquishing [the gift]." If he entrusts them saying: "I am going toward that village; if I do not arrive, I shall give them; if I arrive, it counts as relinquishing [the gift]." If he entrusts them saying: "I am going on a journey; if I die, I shall give them; if I return, it counts as relinquishing [the gift]." If he decisively entrusts them, saying: "Whether I die or live, they shall definitely be given." If he thus decisively entrusts them to several people, the last one should receive them. If he gave them to several people [at once], the earlier one should [receive them]. When a monk dies, his door should not immediately be locked. If he has a fellow-traveling disciple or a resident disciple who is trustworthy and observant of the precepts, the door latch may be given to him. If there is none who is trustworthy, the door latch should be given by the Saṃgha. After the administrator has completed the burial and arrangements, he then brings out those robes and items. If there is a fellow-traveling disciple or a resident disciple who observes the precepts and is trustworthy, he should be made to bring them out. If there is no trustworthy disciple, the administrator should be made to bring them out. If a monk says: "My robes and bowl are also among these," one should observe whether the other person observes the precepts and is trustworthy; if so, they should be given to him; if he is not trustworthy, they should not be given. If there is a trustworthy person to bear witness, they should be given to him; thereafter the Saṃgha receives [the remainder].'