The Institutes of Akbar 182.4

182.4

In all cash payments, one-fourth is deducted, as another sanad is given for this amount. The Díwán i Buyútát then gives the order to have it entered. The Mushrif does so, signs and seals the barát and the receipt. It then passes through the hands of the Military Accountant, the Názir, the Díwán i Buyútát, the Díwán i Kul, the Khán Sámán, the Mushrif of the Díwán, and the Vakíl, who sign and seal it. In every case the estimate is sent along with it, so that there may be no mistake. When it has been laid before His Majesty, the Mushrif writes out the receipt, which is then in the same manner entered into the several daftars. The mode of payment also is detailed on the back of it, viz. one-fourth is to be paid in gold (ashrafís); one-half in silver (rúpís) and one part in copper (dáms), according to the fixed values of the coins. The Farmáns in favor of Mançabdárs are made out in the same manner; they are, however, never sent to the officers of the workshops and stables. In case of Sayúrgháls (vide Aín 19), the farmáns, after having been signed by the Mustaufí, are entered in the daftars of the Díwán i Sa'ádat (vide Aín 19); they are then signed and sealed by the Çadr, and the Díwán i Kul. Farmáns are sometimes written in Tughrá character; but the two first lines are not made short. Such a Farmán is called a Parwánchah.