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Bhagavadgita 4

Gītābhāṣya (of Rāmānuja) 4

Language
Sanskrit

4.1

śrī-bhagavān uvāca ---
imaṃ vivasvate yogaṃ proktavān aham avyayam |
vivasvān manave prāha manur īkṣavākave 'bravīt ||

4.2

evaṃ paramparāprāptam imaṃ rājarṣayo 'viduḥ |
sa kāleneha mahatā yogo naṣṭaḥ parantapa ||

4.3

sa evāyaṃ mayā te 'dya yogaḥ proktaḥ purātanaḥ |
bhakto 'sti me sakhā ceti rahasyaṃ hy etad uttamam ||

4.1-3

yo 'yaṃ tavodito yogaḥ sa kevalaṃ yuddhaprotsāhanāyedānīm udita iti na mantavyam / manvantarādāv eva nikhilajagaduddharaṇāya paramapuruṣārthalakṣaṇamokṣasādhanatayā imaṃ yogam aham eva vivasvate proktavān, vivasvāṃś ca manave, manur ikṣvakave / ity evaṃ saṃpradāyaparamparayā prāptam imaṃ yogaṃ pūrve rājarṣayo 'viduḥ / sa mahatā kālena tattacchrotṛbuddhimāndyād vinaṣṭaprāyo 'bhūt / sa evāyam askhalitasvarūpaḥ purātano yogaḥ sakhyenātimātrabhaktyā ca mām eva prapannāya te mayā proktaḥ -- saparikaras savistaram ukta ityarthaḥ / madanyena kenāpi jñātuṃ vaktuṃ cāśakyam, yata idaṃ vedāntoditam uttamaṃ rahasyaṃ jñānam //

4.4

asmin prasaṅge bhagavad-avatāra-yāthātmyaṃ yathāvaj jñātum arjuna uvāca --- arjuna uvāca ---
avaraṃ bhavato janma paraṃ janma vivasvataḥ |
katham etad vijānīyāṃ tvam ādau proktavān iti ||
kālasaṅkhyayā avaram asmajjanmasamakālaṃ hi bhavato janma / vivasvataś ca janma kālasaṅkhyayā param -- aṣṭāviṃśaticaturyugasaṅkhyāsaṅkhyātam / tvam evādau proktavān iti katham etad asaṃbhāvanīyaṃ yathārthaṃ jānīyām ? nanu janmāntareṇāpi vaktuṃ śakyam, janmāntarakṛtasya mahatāṃ smṛtiś ca yujyata iti nātra kaścid virodhaḥ / na cāsau vaktāram enaṃ vasudevatanayaṃ sarveśvaraṃ na jānāti, yata evaṃ vakṣyati, "paraṃ brahma paraṃ dhāma pavitraṃ paramaṃ bhavān / puruṣaṃ śāśvataṃ divyam ādidevam ajaṃ vibhum // āhus tvām ṛṣayas sarve devarṣir nāradas tathā / asito devalo vyāsaḥ svayaṃ caiva bravīṣi me" iti / yudhiṣṭhirarājasūyādiṣu bhīṣmādibhyaś cāsakṛcchrutam, "kṛṣṇa eva hi lokānām utpattir api cāpyayaḥ / kṛṣṇasya
hi kṛte bhūtam idaṃ viśvaṃ carācaram" ityevamādiṣu / kṛṣṇasya hi kṛte iti, kṛṣṇasya śeṣabhūtam idaṃ kṛtsnaṃ jagad ityarthaḥ // atrocyate jānāty evāyaṃ bhagavantaṃ vasudevasūnaṃ pārthaḥ / jānato 'py ajānata iva pṛcchato 'yam āśayaḥ -- nikhilaheyapratyanīkakalyāṇaikatānasya sarveśvarasya sarvajñasya satyasaṅkalpasyāvāptasamastakāmasya karmaparavaśadevamanuṣyādisajātīyaṃ janma kim indrajālādivan mithyā, uta satyam? satyatve ca kathaṃ janmaprakāraḥ? kim ātmako 'yaṃ dehaḥ? kaś ca janmahetuḥ? kadā ca janma? kim arthaṃ ca janmeti / parihāraprakāreṇa praśnārtho vijñāyate //

4.5

śrī-bhagavān uvāca ---
bahūni me vyatītāni janmāni tava cārjuna |
tāny ahaṃ veda sarvāṇi na tvaṃ vettha parantapa ||
anena janmanas satyatvam uktam, bahūni me vyatītāni janmānīti vacanāt, tava ceti dṛṣṭāntatayopādānāc ca //

p105970

avatāraprakāram, dehayāthātmyam, janmahetuṃ cāha --

4.6

ajo 'pi san avyayātmā bhūtānām īśvaro 'pi san |
prakṛtiṃ svām adhiṣṭhāya saṃbhavāmy ātmamāyayā ||
ajatvāvyayatvasarveśvaratvādi sarvaṃ pārameśvaraṃ prakāram ajahad eva svāṃ prakṛtim adhiṣṭhāya ātmamāyayā saṃbhavāmi / prakṛtiḥ -- svabhāvaḥ svam eva svabhāvam adhiṣṭhāya svenaiva rūpeṇa svecchayā saṃbhavāmītyarthaḥ / svasvarūpaṃ hi, "ādityavarṇaṃ tamasaḥ parastāt", "kṣayantam asya rajasaḥ parāke", "ya eṣo 'ntarāditye hiraṇyamayaḥ puruṣaḥ", "tasminn ayaṃ puruṣo manomayaḥ; amṛto hiraṇmayaḥ", "sarve nimeṣā jajñire vidyutaḥ puruṣād adhi" , "bhārūpas satyasaṅkalpa ākāśātmā sarvakāmā sarvakāmas sarvagandhas sarvarasaḥ", "māhārajanaṃ vāsaḥ" ityādiśrutisiddham / ātmamāyayā -- ātmīyayā māyayā / "māyā vayunaṃ jñānam" iti jñānaparyāyo 'tra māyāśabdaḥ / tathā cābhiyuktaprayogaḥ, "māyayā satataṃ vetti
prāṇināṃ ca śubhāśubham" iti / ātmīyena jñānena ātmasaṅkalpenetyarthaḥ / ato 'pahatapāpmatvādisamastakalyāṇaguṇātmakatvaṃ sarvam aiśaṃ svabhāvam ajahat svam eva rūpaṃ devamanuṣyādisajātīyasaṃsthānaṃ kurvan ātmasaṅkalpena devādirūpaḥ saṃbhavāmi / tad idam āha, "ajāyamāno bahudhā vijāyate" iti śrutiḥ / itarapuruṣasādhāraṇaṃ janma akurvan devādirūpeṇa svasaṅkalpenoktaprakriyayā jāyata ityarthaḥ / "bahūni me vyatītāni janmāni tava cārjuna / tāny ahaṃ veda sarvāṇi", "tadātmānaṃ sṛjāmy aham" "janma karma ca me divyam evaṃ yo vetti tattvataḥ" iti pūrvāparāvirodhāc ca // janmakālam āha -

4.7

yadā yadā hi dharmasya glānir bhavati bhārata |
abhyutthānam adharmasya tadātmānaṃ sṛjāmy aham ||
na kālaniyamo 'smatsaṃbhavasya / yadā yadā hi dharmasya vedoditasya cāturvarṇyacāturāśramyavyavasthayāvasthitasya kartavyayasya glānir bhavati, yadā yadā ca tadviparyayasyādharmasyābhyutthānam tadāham eva svasaṅkalpenoktaprakāreṇātmānaṃ sṛjāmi //

p108013

janmanaḥ prayojanam āha --

4.8

paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṃ vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām |
dharmasaṃsthāpanārthāya saṃbhavāmi yuge yuge ||
sādhavaḥ uktalakṣaṇadharmaśīlāḥ vaiṣṇavāgresarā matsamāśrayaṇe pravṛttā mannāmakarmasvarūpāṇāṃ vāṅmanasāgocaratayā maddarśanena vinā svātmadhāraṇapoṣaṇādikm alabhamānāḥ kṣaṇamātrakālaṃ kalpasahasraṃ manvānāḥ pratiśithilasarvagātrā bhaveyur iti matsvarūpaceṣṭitāvalokanālāpādidānena teṣāṃ paritrāṇāya tadviparītānāṃ vināśāya ca kṣīṇasya vaidikasya dharmasya madārādhanarūpasyārādhyasvarūpapradarśanena sthāpanāya ca devamanuṣyādirūpeṇa yuge yuge saṃbhavāmi / kṛtatretādiyugaviśeṣaniyamo 'pi nāstītyarthaḥ //

4.9

janma karmaṃ ca me divyam evaṃ yo vetti tattvataḥ |
tyaktvā dehaṃ punarjanma naiti mām eti so 'rjuna ||
evaṃ karmamūlaheyatriguṇaprakṛtisaṃsargarūpajanmarahitasya sarvesvaratvasārvajñyasatyasaṅkalpatvādisamastakalyāṇaguṇopetasya sādhuparitrāṇamatsamāśrayaṇaikaprayojanaṃ divyam -- aprākṛtaṃ madasādhāraṇaṃ mama janma ceṣṭitaṃ ca tattvato yo vetti, sa vartamānaṃ dehaṃ parityajya punarjanma naiti, mām eva prāpnoti / madīyadivyajanmaceṣṭitayāthātmyavijñānena vidhvastasamastamatsamāśryaṇavirodhipāpaḥ asminn eva janmani yathoditaprakāreṇa mām āśritya madekapriyo madekacitto mām eva prāpnoti //

p109496

tad āha --

4.10

vītarāgabhayakrodhā manmayā mām upāśritāḥ |
bahavo jñānatapasā pūtā madbhāvan āgatāḥ ||
madīyajanmakarmatattvajñānākhyena tapasā pūtā bahava evaṃ saṃvṛttāḥ / tathā ca śrutiḥ, "tasya dhīrāḥ parijānanti yonim" iti / dhīrāḥ -- dhīmatām agresarā evaṃ tasya janmaprakāraṃ jānantītyarthaḥ //

4.11

ye yathā māṃ prapadyante tāṃs tathaiva bhajāmy aham |
mama vartmānuvartante manuṣyāḥ pārtha sarvaśaḥ ||
na kevalaṃ devamanuṣyādirūpeṇāvatīrya matsamāśrayaṇāpekṣāṇāṃ paritrāṇaṃ karomi, api tu ye matsamāśrayaṇāpekṣā yathā -- yena prakāreṇa svāpekṣānurūpaṃ māṃ saṃkalpya prapadyante -- samāśrayante; tān prati tathaiva tanmanīṣitaprakāreṇa bhajāmi -- māṃ darśayāmi / kim atra bahunā, sarve manuṣyāḥ madanuvartanaikamanorathā mama vartma -- matsvabhāvaṃ sarvaṃ yogināṃ vāṅmanasāgocaram api svakīyāiś cakṣurādikaraṇaiḥ sarvaśaḥ svāpekṣitaiḥ sarvaprakārair anubhūyānuvartnte //

p110587

idānīṃ prāsaṅgikaṃ parisamāpya prakṛtasya karmayogasya jñānākāratāprakāraṃ vaktuṃ tathāvidhakarmayogādhikāriṇo durlabhatvam āha --

4.12

kāṅkṣantaḥ karmaṇāṃ siddhiṃ yajanta iha devatāḥ |
kṣipraṃ hi mānuṣe loke siddhir bhavati karmajā ||
sarva eva puruṣāḥ karmaṇāṃ phalaṃ kāṅkṣamāṇāḥ indrādidevatāmātraṃ yajante -- ārādhayanti, na tu kaścid anabhisaṃhitaphalaḥ indrādidevatātmabhūtaṃ sarvayajñānāṃ bhoktāraṃ māṃ yajate / kuta etat? yataḥ kṣiprasminn eva mānuṣe loke karmajā putrapaśvannādysiddhir bhavati / manuṣyalokaśabdaḥ svargādīnām api pradarśanārthaḥ / sarvaṃ eva laukikāḥ puruṣā akṣīṇānādikālapravṛttānantapāpasaṃcayatayā avivekinaḥ kṣipraphalākāṅkṣiṇaḥ putrapaśvannādyasvargādyarthatayā sarvāṇi karmāṇīndrādidevatārādhanamātrāṇi kurvate; na tu kaścit saṃsārodvignahṛdayo mumukṣuḥ uktalakṣaṇaṃ karmayogaṃ madārādhanabhūtam ārabhata ityarthaḥ //

p111588

yathoktakarmayogārambhavirodhipāpakṣayahetum āha --

4.13

cāturvarṇyaṃ mayā sṛṣṭaṃ guṇakarmavibhāgaśaḥ |
tasya kartāram api māṃ viddhy akartāram avyayam ||
cāturvarṇyapramukhaṃ brahmādistambaparyantaṃ kṛtsnaṃ jagat sattvādiguṇavibhāgena tadanuguṇaśamādikarmavibhāgena ca vibhaktaṃ mayā sṛṣṭam / sṛṣṭigrahaṇaṃ pradarśanārtham / mayaiva rakṣyante, mayaiva copasaṃhriyate / tasya -- vicitrasṛṣtyādeḥ kartāram apy akartāraṃ māṃ viddhi // katham ity atrāha -

4.14

na māṃ karmāṇi limpanti na me karmaphale spṛhā |
iti māṃ yo 'bhijānāti karmabhir na sa badhyate ||
yata imāni vicitrasṛṣṭyādīni karmāṇi māṃ na limpanti -- na māṃ saṃbadhnanti / na matprayuktāni tāni devamanuṣyādivaicitryāṇi / sṛjyānāṃ puṇyapāparūpakarmaviśeṣaprayuktānītyarthaḥ / ataḥ prāptāprāptavivekena vicitrasṛṣṭyāder nāhaṃ kartā; yataś ca sṛṣṭāḥ kṣetrajñāḥ sṛṣṭilabdhakaraṇakalebarāḥ sṛṣṭilabdhaṃ bhogyajātaṃ phalasaṅgādihetusvakarmānuguṇaṃ bhuṅjate; sṛṣṭyādkarmaphale ca teṣām eva spṛheti ne me spṛhā / tathāha sūtrakāraḥ -- vaiṣamyanairghṛṇye na sāpekṣatvād iti / tathā ca bhagavān parāśaraḥ -- "nimittamātram evāsau sṛjyānāṃ sargakarmaṇi / pradhānakāraṇībhūtā yato vai sṛjyaśaktayaḥ // nimittamātraṃ muktvedaṃ nānyat kiṃcid apekṣate / nīyate tapatāṃ
śreṣṭha svaśaktyā vastu vastutām //" iti / sṛjyānāṃ devādīnāṃ kṣetrajñānāṃ sṛṣṭeḥ kāraṇamātram evāyaṃ paramapuruṣaḥ; devādivaicitrye tu pradhānakāraṇaṃ sṛjyabhūtakṣetrajñānāṃ prācīnakarmaśaktaya eva / ato nimittamātraṃ muktvā -- sṛṣṭeḥ kartāraṃ paramapuruṣaṃ muktvā idaṃ kṣetrajñavastu devādivicitrabhāve nānyad apekṣate; svagataprācīnakarmaśaktyā eva hi devādivastubhāvaṃ nīyata ityarthaḥ / evam uktena prakāreṇa sṛṣtyādeḥ kartāram apy akartāraṃ sṛṣṭyādikarmaphalasaṅgarahitaṃ ca yo mām abhijānāti, sa karmayogārambhavirodhibhiḥ phalasaṅgādihetubhiḥ prācīnakarmabhir na saṃbadhyate / mucyata ityarthaḥ //

4.15

evaṃ jñātvā kṛtaṃ karma pūrvair api mumukṣubhiḥ |
kuru karmaiva tasmāt tvaṃ pūrvaiḥ pūrvataraṃ kṛtam ||
evaṃ māṃ jñātvā vimuktapāpaiḥ pūrvair api mumukṣubhir uktalakṣaṇaṃ karma kṛtam / tasmāt tvam uktaprakāramadviṣayajñānavidhūtapāpaḥ pūrvair vivasvanmanvādibhiḥ kṛtaṃ pūrvataraṃ -- purātanaṃ tadānīm eva mayoktaṃ vakṣyamāṇākāraṃ karvaiva kuru //

p114148

vakṣyamāṇasya karmaṇo durjñānatām āha --

4.16

kiṃ karma kim akarmeti kavayo 'py atra mohitāḥ |
tat te karma pravakṣyāmi yaj jñātvā mokṣyase 'śubhāt ||
mumukṣuṇānuṣṭheyaṃ karma kiṃrūpam, akarma ca kim / akarmeti kartur ātmano yāthātmyajñānam ucyate; anuṣṭheyaṃ karma tadantargataṃ jñānaṃ ca kiṃrūpam ity ubhayatra kavayaḥ -- vidvāṃso 'pi mohitāḥ -- yathāvan na jānanti / evam antargatajñānaṃ yat karma, tat te pravakṣyāmi, yaj jñātvānuṣṭhāya aśubhāt -- saṃsārabandhān mokṣyase / kartavyakarmajñānaṃ hy anuṣṭhānaphalam //

p114782

kuto 'sya durjñānatety āha --

4.17

karmaṇo hy api boddhavyaṃ boddhavyaṃ ca vikarmaṇaḥ |
akarmaṇaś ca boddhavyaṃ gahanā karmaṇo gatiḥ ||
yasmān mokṣasādhanabhūte karmasvarūpe boddhavyam asti; vikarmaṇi ca / nityanaimittikakāmyarūpeṇa, tatsādhanadravyārjanādyākāreṇa ca vividhatāpannaṃ karma vikarma / akarmaṇi -- jñāne ca boddhavyam asti / gahanā -- durvijñānā mumukṣoḥ karmaṇo gatiḥ //

p115282

vikarmaṇi boddhavyaṃ nityanaimittikakāmyadravyārjanādau karmaṇi phalabhedakṛtaṃ vaividhyaṃ parityajya mokṣaikaphalatayaikaśāstrārthatvānusandhānam / tad etat "vyavasāyātmikā buddhir ekā" ity atraivoktam iti neha prapañcyate / karmākarmaṇor boddhavyam āha --

4.18

karmaṇy akarma yaḥ paśyed akarmaṇi ca karma yaḥ |
sa buddhimān manuṣyeṣu sa yuktaḥ kṛtsnakarmakṛt ||
akarmaśabdenātra karmetarāt prastutam ātmajñānam ucyate / karmaṇi kriyamāṇa evātmajñānaṃ yaḥ paśyet, akarmaṇi cātmajñāne vartamāna eva yaḥ karma paśyet / kim uktaṃ bhavati? kriyamāṇam eva karma ātmayāthātmyānusandhānena jñānākāraṃ yaḥ paśyet, tac ca jñānaṃ karmayogāntaragatatayā karmākāraṃ yaḥ paśyed ity uktaṃ bhavati / kriyamāṇe hi karmaṇi kartṛbhūtātmayāthātmyānusandhāne sati tadubhayaṃ saṃpannaṃ bhavati / evam ātmayāthātmyānusandhānāntargarbhaṃ karma yaḥ paśyet, sa buddhimān -- kṛtsnaśāstrārthavit,manuṣyeṣu sa yuktaḥ -- mokṣāyārhaḥ, sa eva kṛtsnakarmakṛt kṛtsnaśāstrārthakṛt //

p116384

pratyakṣeṇa kriyamāṇasya karmaṇo jñanākāratā katham upapadyata ity atrāha --

4.19

yasya sarve samārambhāḥ kāmasaṃkalpavarjitāḥ |
jñānāgnidagdhakarmāṇaṃ tam āhuḥ paṇḍitaṃ budhāḥ ||
yasya mumukṣoḥ sarve dravyārjanādilaukikakarmapūrvakanityanaimittikakāmyarūpakarmasamārambhāḥ kāmārjitāḥ phalasaṅgarahitāḥ / saṅkalpavarjitāś ca / prakṛtyā tadguṇaiś cātmānam ekīkṛtyānusandhānaṃ saṅkalpaḥ; prakṛtiviyuktātmasvarūpānusandhānayuktatayā tadrahitāḥ / tam evaṃ karma kurvāṇaṃ paṇḍitaṃ karmāntargatātmayāthātmyajñānāgninā dagdhaprācīnakarmāṇam āhus tattvajñāḥ / ataḥ karmaṇo jñānākāratvam upapadyate //

p117116

etad eva vivṛṇoti --

4.20

tyaktvā karmaphalāsaṅgaṃ nityatṛpto nirāśrayaḥ |
karmaṇy abhipravṛtto 'pi naiva kiṃcit karoti saḥ ||
karmaphalasaṅgaṃ tyaktvā nityatṛptaḥ -- nitye svātmny eva tṛptaḥ, nirāśrayaḥ -- asthiraprakṛtau āśrayabuddhirahito yaḥ karmāṇi karoti, sa karmaṇy ābhimukhyena pravṛtto 'pi naiva kiṃcit karma karoti -- karmāpadeśena jñānābhyāsam eva karotītyarthaḥ //

p117610

punar api karmaṇo jñānākārataiva viśodhyate --

4.21

nirāśīr yatacittātmā tyaktasarvaparigrahaḥ |
śārīraṃ kevalaṃ karma kurvan nāpnoti kilbiṣam ||
nirāśīḥ -- nirgataphalābhisandhiḥ yatacittātmā -- yatacittamanāḥ tyaktasarvaparigrahaḥ -- ātmaikaprayojanatayā prakṛtiprākṛtavastuni mamatārahitaḥ, yāvajjīvaṃ kevalaṃ śārīram eva karma kurvan kilbiṣaṃ -- saṃsāraṃ nāpnoti jñānaniṣṭhāvyavadhānarahitakevalakarmayogenaivaṃrūpeṇātmānaṃ paśyatītyarthaḥ //

4.22

yadṛcchālābhasaṃtuṣṭo dvandvātīto vimatsaraḥ |
samaḥ siddhāv asiddhau ca kṛtvāpi na nibadhyate ||
yadṛcchopanataśarīradhāraṇahetuvastusantuṣṭaḥ, dvandvātītaḥ -- yāvatsādhanasamāptyavarjanīyaśītoṣṇādisahaḥ, vimatsaraḥ -- aniṣṭopanipātahetubhūtasvakarmanirūpaṇena pareṣu vigatamatsaraḥ, samas siddhāv asiddau ca -- yuddhādikarmasu jayādisiddhyasiddhyoḥ samacittaḥ, karmaiva kṛtvāpi -- jñānaniṣṭhāṃ vināpi na nibadhyate -- na saṃsāraṃ pratipadyate //

4.23

gatasaṅgasya muktasya jñānāvasthitacetasaḥ |
yajñāyācarataḥ karma samagraṃ pravilīyate ||
ātmaviṣayajñānāvasthitamanastvena nirgatataditarasaṅgasya tata eva nikhilaparigrahavinirmuktasya uktalakṣaṇayajñādikarmanirvṛttaye vartamānasya puruṣasya bandhahetubhūtaṃ prācīnaṃ karma samagraṃ pravilīyate -- niśśeṣaṃ kṣīyate //

p119165

prakṛtiviyuktātmasvarūpānusandhānayuktatayā karmaṇo jñānākāratvam uktam; idānīṃ sarvasya saparikarasya karmaṇaḥ parabrahmabhūtaparamapuruṣātmakatvānusandhānayuktatayā jñānākāratvam āha --

4.24

brahmārpaṇaṃ brahma havir brahmāgnau brahmaṇā hutam |
brahmaiva tena gantavyaṃ brahmakarmasamādhinā ||
brahmārpaṇam iti havir viśeṣyate / arpyate 'nenety arpaṇaṃ srugādi / tadbrahmakāryatvād brahma / brahma yasya haviṣo 'rpaṇaṃ tad brahmārpaṇam, brahma haviḥ brahmārpaṇaṃ haviḥ / svayaṃ ca brahmabhūtam, brahmāgnau -- brahmabhūte agnau brahmaṇā kartrā hutam iti sarvaṃ karma brahmātmakatayā brahmamayam iti yaḥ samādhatte, sa brahmakarmasamādhiḥ, tena brahmakarmasamādhinā brahmaiva gantavyam -- brahmātmakatayā brahmabhūtam ātmasvarūpaṃ gantavyam / mumukṣuṇā kriyamāṇaṃ karma parabrahmātmakam evety anusandhānayuktatayā jñānākāraṃ sākṣādātmāvalokanasādhanam; na jñānaniṣṭhāvyadhānenetyarthaḥ //

p120207

evaṃ karmaṇo jñānākāratāṃ pratipādya karmayogabhedān āha --

4.25

daivam evāpare yajñaṃ yoginaḥ paryupāsate |
brahmāgnāv apare yajñaṃ yajñenaivopajuhvati ||
daivaṃ -- devārcanarūpaṃ yajñam apare karmayoginaḥ paryupāsate -- sevante / tatraiva niṣṭhāṃ kurvantītyarthaḥ / apare brahmāgnau yajñaṃ yajñenaivopajuhvati; atra yajñaśabdo havis srugādiyajñasādhane vartate; "brahmārpaṇaṃ brahma haviḥ" iti nyāyena yāgahomayor niṣṭhāṃ kurvanti //

4.26

śrotrādīnīndriyāṇy anye saṃyamāgniṣu juhvati |
śabdādīn viṣayān anye indriyāgniṣu juhvati ||
anye śrotrādīnām indriyāṇāṃ saṃyamane prayatante / anye yoginaḥ indriyāṇāṃ śabdādipravaṇatānivāraṇe prayatante //

4.27

sarvāṇīndriyakarmāṇi prāṇakarmāṇi cāpare |
ātmasaṃyamayogāgnau juhvati jñānadīpite ||
anye jñānadīpite manassaṃyanayogāgnau sarvāṇīndriyakarmāṇi prāṇakarmāṇi ca juhvati / manasa indriyaprāṇakarmaprvaṇatānivāraṇe prayatanta ityarthaḥ //

4.28

dravyayajñās tapoyajñā yogayajñās tathāpare |
svādhyāyajñānayajñāś ca yatayaḥ saṃśitavratāḥ ||
kecit karmayogino dravyayajñāḥ nyāyato dravyāṇy upādāya devatārcane prayatante, kecic ca dāneṣu, kecic ca yāgeṣu, kecic ca homeṣu / ete sarve dravyayajñāḥ / kecit tapoyajñāḥ kṛcchracāndrāyaṇopavāsādiṣu niṣṭhāṃ kurvanti / yogayajñāś cāpare puṇyatīrthapuṇyasthānaprāptiṣu niṣṭhāṃ kurvanti / iha yogaśabdaḥ karmaniṣṭhābhedaprakaraṇāt tadviṣayaḥ / kecit svādhyāyābhyāsaparāḥ / kecit tadarthajñānābhyāsaparāḥ / yatayaḥ yatanaśīlāḥ, saṃśitavratāḥ dṛḍhasaṅkalpāḥ //

4.29

apāne juhvati prāṇaṃ prāṇe 'pānaṃ tathāpare |
prāṇāpānagatī ruddhvā prāṇāyāmaparāyaṇāḥ ||

4.30

apare niyatāhārāḥ prāṇān prāṇeṣu juhvati |

p122267

apare karmayoginaḥ prāṇāyāmeṣu niṣṭhāṃ kurvanti / te ca trividhāḥ pūrakarecakakumbhakabhedena; apāne juhvati prāṇam iti pūrakaḥ, prāṇe 'pānam iti recakaḥ, prāṇāpānagatī ruddhvā ..... prāṇān prāṇeṣu juhvati iti kumbhakaḥ / prāṇāyāmapareṣu triṣv apy anuṣajyate niyatāhārā iti //

4.30_2

sarve 'py ete yajñavido yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ ||

4.31

yajñaśiṣṭāmṛtabhujo yānti brahma sanātanam |

p122762

daivayajñaprabhṛtiprāṇāyāmaparyanteṣu karmayogabhedeṣu svasamīhiteṣu pravṛttā ete sarve "saha yajñaiḥ prajāḥ sṛṣṭvā" ityabhihitamahāyajñapūrvakanityanaimittikakarmarūpayajñavidaḥ tanniṣṭhāḥ tata eva kṣapitakalmaṣāḥ yajñaśiṣṭāmṛtena śarīradhāraṇaṃ kurvanta eva karmayoga vyāpṛtāḥ sanātanaṃ brahma yānti //

4.31_2

nāyaṃ loko 'sty ayajñasya kuto 'nyaḥ kurusattama ||

4.31_3

ayajñasya mahāyajñādipūrvakanityamaimittikakarmarahitasya nāyaṃ lokaḥ na prākṛtalokaḥ, prākṛtalokasaṃbandhidharmārthakāmākhyaḥ puruṣārtho na sidhyati / kuta ito 'nyo mokṣākhyaḥ puruṣārthaḥ? paramapuruṣārthatayā mokṣasya prastutatvāt taditarapuruṣārthaḥ ayaṃ lokaḥ iti nirdiśyate / sa hi prākṛtaḥ //

4.32

evaṃ bahuvidhā yajñā vitatā brahmaṇo mukhe |
karmajān viddhi tān sarvān evaṃ jñātvā vimokṣyase ||
evaṃ hi bahuprakārāḥ karmayogāḥ brahmaṇo mukhe vitatāḥ ātmayāthātmyāvāptisādhanatayā sthitāḥ; tān uktalakṣaṇān uktabhedān karmayogān sarvān karmajān viddhi aharaharanuṣṭhīyamānanityanaimittikakarmajān viddhi / evaṃ jñātvā yathoktaprakāreṇānuṣṭhāya mokṣyase //

p124013

antargatajñānatayā karmaṇo jñānākāratvam uktam; tatrāntargatajñāne karmaṇi jñānāṃśasyaiva prādhānyam āha --

4.33

śreyān dravyamayād yajñāj jñānayajñaḥ parantapa |
sarvaṃ karmākhilaṃ pārtha jñāne parisamāpyate ||
ubhayākāre karmaṇi dravyamayād aṃśāj jñānamayāṃśaḥ śreyān; sarvasya karmaṇaḥ taditarasya cākhilasyopādeyasya jñāne parisamāpteḥ tad eva sarvais sādhanaiḥ prāpyabhūtaṃ jñānaṃ karmāntargatatvenābhyasyate / tad eva abhyasyamānaṃ krameṇa prāpyadaśāṃ pratipadyate //

4.34

tad viddhi praṇipātena paripraśnena sevayā |
upadekṣyanti te jñānaṃ jñāninas tattvadarśinaḥ ||
tad atmaviṣayaṃ jñānaṃ "avināśi tu tad viddhi" ityārabhya "eṣā te 'bhihitā" ityantena mayopadiṣṭam, "tadyuktakarmaṇi vartamānatvaṃ vipākānuguṇaṃ kāle kāle praṇipātaparipraśnasevādibhir viśadākāraṃ jñānibhyo viddhi / sākṣātkṛtātmasvarūpās tu jñāninaḥ praṇipātādibhyas sevitāḥ jñānabubhutsayā paritaḥ pṛcchatas tavāśayam ālakṣya jñānam upadekṣyanti //

p125141

ātmayāthātmyaviṣayasya jñānasya sākṣātkārarūpasya lakṣaṇam āha --

4.35

yaj jñātvā na punar moham evaṃ yāsyasi pāṇḍava |
yena bhūtāny aśeṣeṇa drakṣyasy ātmany atho mayi ||
yaj jñānaṃ jñātvā punar evaṃ devādyātmābhimānarūpaṃ tatkṛtaṃ mamatādyāspadaṃ ca mohaṃ na yāsyasi, yena ca devamanuṣyādyākāreṇānusanhitāni sarvāṇi bhūtāni svātmany eva drakṣyasi, yatas tavānyeṣāṃ ca bhūtānāṃ prakṛtiviyuktānāṃ jñānaikākāratayā sāmyam / prakṛtisaṃsargadoṣavinirmuktam ātmarūpaṃ sarvaṃ samam iti ca vakṣyate, "nirdoṣaṃ hi samaṃ brahma tasmād brahmaṇi te sthitāḥ" iti / atho mayi sarvabhūtāny aśeṣeṇa drakṣyasi, matsvarūpasāmyāt pariśuddhasya sarvasyātmavastunaḥ / "idaṃ jñānam upāśritya mama sādharmyam āgatāḥ" iti hi vakṣyate / tathā, "tadā vidvān puṇyapāpe vidhūya nirañjanaḥ paramaṃ sāmyam upaiti" ityevamādiṣu nāmarūpavinirmuktasyātmavastunaḥ parasvarūpasāmyam avagamyate / ataḥ
prakṛtivinirmuktaṃ sarvam ātmavastu parasparaṃ samaṃ sarveśvareṇa ca samam //

4.36

api ced asi pāpebhyaḥ sarvebhyaḥ pāpakṛttamaḥ |
sarvaṃ jñānaplavenaiva vṛjinaṃ saṃtariṣyasi ||
yady api sarvebhyaḥ pāpebhyaḥ pāpakṛttamo 'si, sarvaṃ pūrvārjitaṃ vṛjinarūpaṃ samudram ātmaviṣayajñānarūpaplavenaiva saṃtariṣyasi //

4.37

yathaidhāṃsi samiddho 'gnir bhasmasāt kurute 'rjuna |
jñānāgniḥ sarvakarmāṇi bhasmasāt kurute tathā ||
samyakpravṛddho 'gnir indhanasañcayam iva, ātmayāthātmyajñānarūpo 'gnir jīvātmagatam anādikālapravṛttānantakarmasañcayaṃ bhasmīkaroti //

4.38

na hi jñānena sadṛśaṃ pavitram iha vidyate |
tat svayaṃ yogasaṃsiddhaḥ kālenātmani vindati ||
yasmād ātmajñānena sadṛśaṃ pavitraṃ śuddhikaram iha jagati vastvantaraṃ na vidyate, tasmād ātmajñānaṃ sarvapāpaṃ nāśayatītyarthaḥ / tat tathāvidhaṃ jñānaṃ yathopadeśam aharaharanuṣṭhīyamānajñānākārakarmayogasaṃsiddhaḥ kālena svātmani svayam eva labhate //

p127306

tad eva vispaṣṭam āha --

4.39

śraddhāvān labhate jñānaṃ tatparaḥ saṃyatendriyaḥ |
jñānaṃ labdhvā parām śāntim acireṇādhigacchati ||
evam upadeśāj jñānaṃ labdhvā copadiṣṭajñānavṛddhau śraddhāvān tatparaḥ tatraiva niyatamanāḥ taditaraviṣayāt saṃyatendriyo 'cireṇa kālenoktalakṣaṇavipākadaśāpannaṃ jñānaṃ labhate, tathāvidhaṃ jñānaṃ labdhvā parām śāntim acireṇādhigacchati paraṃ nirvāṇam āpnoti //

4.40

ajñaś cāśraddadhānaś ca saṃśayātmā vinaśyati |
nāyaṃ loko 'sti na paro na sukhaṃ saṃśayātmanaḥ ||
ajñaḥ evam upadeśalabdhajñānarahitaḥ, upadiṣṭajñānavṛddhyupāye cāśraddhadhānaḥ atvaramāṇaḥ, upadiṣṭe ca jñāne saṃśayātmā saṃśayamanāḥ vinaśyati vinaṣṭo bhavati / asminn upadiṣṭe ātmayāthātmyaviṣaye jñāne saṃśayātmano 'yam api prākṛto loko nāsti, na ca paraḥ / dharmārthakāmarūpapuruṣārthāś ca na sidhyanti, kuto mokṣa ityarthaḥ; śāstrīyakarmasiddhirūpatvāt sarveṣāṃ puruṣārthānām, śāstrīyakarmajanyasiddheś ca dehātiriktātmaniścayapūrvakatvāt / ataḥ sukhalavabhāgitvam ātmani saṃśayātmano na saṃbhavati //

4.41

yogasaṃnyastakarmāṇaṃ jñānasaṃcchinnasaṃśayam |
ātmavantaṃ na karmāṇi nibadhnanti dhanañjaya ||
yathopadiṣṭayogena saṃnyastakarmāṇam jñānākāratāpannakarmāṇaṃ yathopadiṣṭena cātmajñānena ātmani saṃcchinnasaṃśayam, ātmavantaṃ manasvinam -- upadiṣṭārthe dṛḍhāvasthitamanasaṃ bandhahetubhūtaprācīnānantakarmāṇi na nibadhnanti //

4.42

tasmād ajñānasaṃbhūtaṃ hṛtsthaṃ jñānāsinātmanaḥ |
chittvainaṃ saṃśayaṃ yogam ātiṣṭhottiṣṭha bhārata ||
tasmād anādyajñānasaṃbhūtaṃ hṛtstham ātmaviṣayaṃ saṃśayaṃ mayopadiṣṭenātmajñānāsinā chittvā mayopadiṣṭaṃ karmayogam ātiṣṭha; tadartham uttiṣṭha bhārateti //

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