Bhagavadgita 1.33
Bhagavadgītā 1.33
- Language
- Sanskrit
1.33
yeṣām arthe kāṅkṣitaṃ no rājyaṃ bhogāḥ sukhāni ca
ta ime 'vasthitā yuddhe prāṇāṃs tyaktvā dhanāni ca
Arguna said:
Seeing these kinsmen, O Krishna! standing (here) desirous to engage in battle, my limbs droop down; my mouth is quite dried up; a tremor comes on my body; and my hairs stand on end; the Gândîva (bow) slips from my hand; my skin burns intensely. I am unable, too, to stand up; my mind whirls round, as it were; O Kesava! I see adverse omens; and I do not perceive any good (to accrue) after killing (my) kinsmen in the battle. I do not wish for victory, O Krishna! nor sovereignty, nor pleasures: what is sovereignty to us, O Govinda! what enjoyments, and even life? Even those, for whose sake we desire sovereignty, enjoyments, and pleasures, are standing here for battle, abandoning life and wealth-preceptors, fathers, sons as well as grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, as also (other) relatives. These I do not wish to kill, though they kill (me), O destroyer of Madhu! even for the sake of sovereignty over the three worlds, how much less then for this earth (alone)? What joy shall be ours, O Ganârdana! after killing Dhritarâshtra's sons? Killing these felons we shall only incur sin. Therefore it is not proper for us to kill our own kinsmen, the sons of Dhritarâshtra. For how, O Mâdhava! shall we be happy after killing our own relatives? Although having their consciences corrupted by avarice, they do not see the evils flowing from the extinction of a family, and the sin in treachery to friends, still, O Ganârdana! should not we, who do see the evils flowing from the extinction of a family, learn to refrain from that sin? On the extinction of a family, the eternal rites of families are destroyed. Those rites being destroyed, impiety predominates over the whole family. In consequence of the predominance of impiety, O Krishna! the women of the family become corrupt; and the women becoming corrupt, O descendant of Vrishni! intermingling of castes results; that intermingling necessarily leads the family and the destroyers of the family to hell; for when the ceremonies of (offering) the balls of food and water (to them) fail, their ancestors fall down (to hell). By these transgressions of the destroyers of families, which occasion interminglings of castes, the eternal rites of castes and rites, of families are subverted. And O Ganârdana! we have heard that men whose family-rites are subverted, must necessarily live in hell. Alas! we are engaged in committing a heinous sin, seeing that we are making efforts for killing our own kinsmen out of greed of the pleasures of sovereignty. If the sons of Dhritarâshtra, weapon in hand, should kill me in battle, me weaponless and not defending (myself), that would be better for me.
Translations (3)
- The Bhagavadgîtâ (Sacred Books of the East, vol. 8) — Kashinath Trimbak Telang 1882, English
- The Song Celestial — Edwin Arnold 1885, English
- English (machine translation) — English, machine translation
Commentaries (10)
- Jñāneśvarī — Jñāneśvara, Marathi
- Subodhinī — Śrīdhara Svāmin, Sanskrit
- Bhagavadgītāvivaraṇa (Sarvatobhadra) — Sanskrit
- Bhagavadāśayānusaraṇabhāṣya — Bhāskara (Vedāntin), Sanskrit
- Gītārthasaṅgraha (of Abhinavagupta) — Abhinavagupta, Sanskrit
- Gītābhāṣya (of Rāmānuja) — Rāmānuja, Sanskrit
- Tātparyabodhinī — Śaṅkarānanda, Sanskrit
- Tattvaprakāśikā — Keśava Kāśmīrī, Sanskrit
- Arthaprakāśikā — Upaniṣadbrahmayogin 1715, Sanskrit
- Vaṃśī — Vaṃśīdhara 1675, Sanskrit
Other recensions (1)
- Vulgate (700 verses) — Sanskrit
Linked texts (2)
- Mahābhārata — Vyāsa, Sanskrit
- Vulgate (Nīlakaṇṭha's text) — Sanskrit