Sarvadarshanasangraha 11.22

11.22

A clincher (nigrahasthāna) is an occasion for defeat. It is of twenty-two varieties, through the divisions of non-fulfilment of thesis, shifting the thesis, contradiction of thesis, renouncing the thesis, shifting the reason, shifting the topic, meaninglessness, unintelligibility, incoherence, mistiming, deficiency, excess, repetition, non-replication, ignorance, lack of ingenuity, evasion, admission of an opinion, overlooking the censurable, censuring the non-censurable, departure from an established tenet, and pseudo-reasons.