Nyayasutra 3.2

3.2

yathoktena vādakṣaṇenopapanno viśiṣṭo yaśchalajātinigrahasthānaiḥ sādhanasya parakīyasādhanasyopālambho dūṣaṇaṃ yatra tadvākyajātaṃ jalpa ityarthaḥ | chaletyādinā vijigīṣutvamātraṃ tātparyaviṣayīkṛtaṃ vijigīṣuṇaiva cchalādikaraṇāt | na tu cchalādibhirūpālambhasya lakṣaṇaghaṭakatvamiti | sādhanopālambhaḥ sādhanāya svasādhyasādhanāyopālambho parakīyasādhanadūṣaṇaṃ yatreti | tathā ca cchalādibhiḥ parakīyasādhanadūṣaṇābhidhāne 'rthataḥ svasādhyasiddhirbhavatīti kecit | atra jayoddeśyakatvalābhāt tattvanirṇayoddeśyakatvaṃ vihāya vādalkṣaṇamatra viśeṣaṇam | tadapi vādeyamaviruddhatvāt | na cāsya vādaviśeṣatvāpattiḥ vāde jayecchārahityasya viśeṣaṇāt | na ca vitaṇḍādyāmativyāptiḥ vitaṇḍāyāṃ pratipakṣasthāpanāhīnatvasya viśeṣaṇasya nirdeśadatrobhayapakṣasthāpanāvattvalābhāt | itthaṃ cobhayapakṣasthāpanāvān pramāṇatarkasādhanopālambho jayoddeśyakapañcapratipakṣapari-
graho jalpa iti | kecittu yathokteṣu yadupapannaṃ tenopapanna ityarthaḥ | madhyamapadalopī samāsaḥ | tathā ca pramāṇatarkasādhanopālambhaḥ pakṣapratipakṣaparigraha ityasya yogyatayā parāmarśaḥ | anyathā jalpasya vādaviśeṣatvāpatteḥ | pramāṇatarkābhyāṃ tadrūpeṇa jñātābhyāṃ na tu jñāne 'nāhāryatvaṃ vivakṣitamāropitapramāṇabhāve 'pi jalpanirvāhāt | ubhayapakṣasthāpanāvattvena viśeṣaṇānna vitaṇḍādyāmativyāptiḥ | sthāpanāvattvādeva ca pañcāvayavaniyamo'pi labhyata iti vadanti | atra cchalādibhiḥ sarvairupalambho na viśeṣaṇamapi tu tayogyataiva | yogyatāvacchedakaṃ vādabhinnakathātvameva | tatra coktavādatvāvacchinnabhedastattadvādabhedo vā viśeṣaṇamiti |
vitaṇḍāṃ lakṣayati |