Commentary on the Nyāyasūtra 1.39
Nyāyabhāṣya (complete text) 1.39
- Language
- Sanskrit
1.39
||bhāṣyam||
dvividhasya punarhetodvividhasya codāharaṇasyopasaṃhāradvaite ca samānam---
hetvapadeśātpratijñāyāḥ punarvacanaṃ nigamanam ||
1.39.p1
sādharmyokte vā vaidharmyokte vā yathodāharaṇamupasaṃhriyate tasmādutpattidharmakatvādanityaḥ śabda iti nigamanam|
1.39.p2
nigamyante aneneti pratijñāhetūdāharaṇopanayā ekatreti nigamanam| nigamyante samarthyante saṃbadhyante| tatra sādharmyokte tāvadvetau vākyam, anityaḥ śabda iti pratijñā| utpattidharmakatvāditi hetuḥ| utpattidharmakaṃ sthālyādi dravyamanityamityudāharaṇam| tathā cotpattidharmakaḥ śabda ityupanayaḥ| tasmādutpattidharmakatvādanityaḥ śabda iti nigamanam| vaidharmyokte'pi, anityaḥ śabdaḥ| utpattidharmakatvāt, anatpattidharmakamātmādi dravyaṃ nityaṃ dṛṣṭam| na ca tathā'nutpattidharmakaḥ śabdaḥ| kiṃ tarhi? utpattidharmakaḥ| tasmādutpattidharmakatvādanityaḥ śabda iti||
1.39.p3
avayavasamudāye ca vākye saṃbhūyetaretarābhisaṃbandhātpramāṇānyarthaṃ sādhayantīti| saṃbhavastāvat, śabdaviṣayā pratijñā, āptopadeśasya pratyakṣānumānābhyāṃ pratisandhānādanṛṣeśca svātantryānupapatteḥ| anumānaṃ hetuḥ, udāharaṇe saṃdṛśya pratipatteḥ| taccodāharaṇabhāṣye vyākhyātam| pratyakṣaviṣayamudāharaṇam, dṛṣṭenādṛṣṭasiddheḥ| upamānamupanayaḥ, tathetyupasaṃhārāt, na ca tatheti copamānadharmapratiṣedhe viparītadharmopasaṃhārasiddheḥ| sarveṣāmekārthapratipattau sāmarthyapradarśanaṃ nigamanamiti||
1.39.p4
itaretarābhisaṃbandho'pi---asatyāṃ pratijñāyāmanāśrayā hetvādayo na pravartteran| asati hetau kasya sādhanabhāvaḥ pradarśyeta? udāharaṇe sādhye ca kasyopasaṃhāraḥ syāt? kasya cāpadeśātpratijñāyāḥ punarvacanaṃ nigamanaṃ syāt iti? asatyudāharaṇe kena sādharmyaṃ vaidharmyaṃ vā sādhyasādhanamupādīyeta? kasya vā sādharmyavaśādupasaṃhāraḥ pravarteta? upanayaṃ cāntareṇa sādhye'nupasaṃhṛtaḥ sādhako dharmo nārthaṃ sādhayet| nigamanābhāve cānabhivyaktasaṃbandhānāṃ pratijñādīnāmekārthena pravartanaṃ tatheti pratipādanaṃ kasyeti||
1.39.p5
athāvayavārthaḥ| sādhyasya dharmasya dharmiṇā saṃbandhopapādanaṃ pratijñārthaḥ| udāharaṇena samānasya viparītasya
1.39.p6
vā sādhyasya dharmasya sādhakabhāvavacanaṃ hetvarthaḥ| dharmayoḥ sādhyasādhanabhāvapradarśanamekatrodāharaṇārthaḥ| sādhanabhūtasya dharmasya sādhyena dharmeṇa sāmānādhikaraṇyopapādanamupanayārthaḥ| udāharaṇasthayorddharmayoḥ sādhyasādhanabhāvopapattau sādhye viparītaprasaṅgapratiṣedhārthaṃ nigamanam||