Commentary on the Nyāyasūtra 14.2.1

14.2.1

nyā. pa. pra. 9 || dvitīyamāhnikam || tadihānyathākhyātipakṣe viparyayasya saṃśayasya ca vyavacchedārtham "yathāvasthitavyavahārānuguṇaṃ jñānam" iti pramāṇalakṣaṇe yathāvasthitādiviśeṣaṇam| akhyātipakṣe'pi tatsāmagryanupraviṣṭaṃ jñānaṃ tacachabdena vyapadiśyate| tacca tatrāpramāṇamiti lokasiddhatvādvyavacchedyameva| tatrāpi pratyekāṃśe yāthārthyaṃ na vihanyate || nyā. pa. pra. 10 || viparyayanirūpaṇam| || tatrādye pakṣe anyasya anyathādhyavasāyo viparyayaḥ| dvitīye tu pakṣe sāmānyato dharmisphuraṇe sati apratipannatadvirodhaviruddhaviśeṣādhyavasāya iti || sa cāyamanekavidhaḥ---ekānekaviruddhaviśeṣasphuraṇāt| tatra ekaviśeṣasphuraṇaṃ yathā--- pītaḥ śaṅkha ityādi| anekaviśeṣasphuraṇaṃ yathā---ekameva bhinnamabhinnaṃ cetyādyanekāntavādinām, prapañcaḥ sadvilakṣaṇo'sadvilakṣaṇaścetyādyadvaitavādinām| parasparaviruddhānekaviśeṣavata īdṛśasya vapiryayasya saṃśayādbhedo mithovirodhābhimānaviraheṇa samuccitādhyavasāyaḥ| dharmavirodhe parasparāviruddhānekaviśeṣasphuraṇaṃ yathā--- vipulatvaikatvaviśiṣṭe candre alpatvadvitvādigrahaḥ| viparyayameva dharmāntaradharmyantarabhedādanyathākhyātiviparītakhyātibhedena kvacidvyavaharanti| yathā pītaśaṅkharajjusarpabhramau| tayośca rajastamasī mūlamiti gīyate --- "yayā dharmamadharmaṃ ca kāryaṃ cākāryameva ca| ayathāvatprajānāti buddhiḥ sā pārtha rājasī || adharmaṃ dharmamiti yā manyate tamasā vṛtā| sarvārthānviparītāṃśca buddhiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī ||" iti||