Commentary on the Nyāyasūtra 21.4

Nyāyabhāṣya (complete text) 21.4

Language: Sanskrit

21.4

pariṇatānāmālocanamātraṃ vṛttiriṣyate, sā ca saṃśayādivyāpakatvādalakṣaṇamiti| tat siddhamindriyārthasannikarṣotpannamityetadeva lakṣaṇamiti pratyakṣalakṣaṇaṃ samāptam ||

pratyakṣalakṣaṇānantaramanumānalakṣaṇaparaṃ sūtraṃ paṭhati---atha tatpūrvakaṃ trividhamanumānamiti| atrānumānamiti sidvavat pramāṇāviśeṣarūpalakṣyānuvāda eva nāpratyakṣaṃ pramāṇamityaprāmāṇyamanumānasya sudūdaṃ pratikṣipati|

21.4.p3

dṛṣṭaprāmāṇyāprāmāṇyavijñānavyaktisādharmyeṇa hi kāsāṃcid vyaktīnāṃ prāmāṇyamaprāmāṇyaṃ vā vidadhīta| dṛṣṭasādharmyaṃ cānumānam eveti kathaṃ tenaiva tasyāprāmāṇyam? api cānumānamapramāṇamiti vākyaprayogo'jñaṃ vipratipannaṃ sandigdhaṃ vā puruṣaṃ pratyarthaṃvān| na ca parapuruṣavartino dehadharmā api sandehājñānaviparyāsā gauratvādivat pratyakṣamīkṣante| na ca tadvavacanāt prattīyante, vacanasyāpi pratyakṣādanyasyāprāmāṇyopagamāt| puruṣaviśeṣamanadhikṛtya tu vacanamanarthaṃkaṃ prayu*jāno nāyaṃ laukiko na parīkṣaka ityunmattavadanavadheyavacanaḥ syāt| pariśiṣṭaṃ tu parīkṣāparvaṇi nivedayiṣyate| tasmādakāmenāpi pramāṇamanumānamupetavyamiti| lakṣyaṃ pramāṇabhedamanumānamanūdya tatpūrvakamiti lakṣaṇaṃ vidhatte| athetyānantarye uktaṃ pratyakṣam anumānasya hetuḥ| athedānīmanumānaṃ hetumadvyutpādyate ityarthaḥ| lakṣaṇasūtratātparyamāha---anumāneti| tadeva sphuṭayati---aneneti| samānajātīyāni pramāṇatayā pratyakṣādīni, asamānajātīyāni cānumānābhāsādīni, yathā kṣaṇikatvādiṣu sādhyeṣu sattvādīni| syādetadativyāpakametat tatpūrvakatvam| taditi hi pratyakṣaṃ parāmṛśatyānantaryāt| tathā ca pratyakṣapūrvakatvamanumānasyevāgamasmṛtisaṃśayaviparyāsānāmapyastīti tānyapyanumānaṃ prasajyeran| anumānādipūrvakaṃ cānumānaṃ na pratyakṣapūrvakamiti nānumānaṃ syāt, anumānalakṣaṇenāvyātatvāt|

21.4.p4

tasmādavyāptyativyāptibhyāmalakṣaṇametadityata āha---tatpūrvakamiti| tatpūrvakamityāvṛtyā vigrahatrayapradarśanam| tatra prathame vigrahe tānītyanantaraṃ sūtram uvallaḍghya vibhāgasūtragatāḥ pratyakṣādayaḥ saṃbandhanīyāḥ yogyatvāt| yathāhuḥ,

21.4.p5

yasya yenārthasaṃbandho dūrasthasyāpi tasya saḥ|

21.4.p6

iti tadanena lakṣaṇasyāvyāptiḥ parihṛtā| tadidamāha---yadā tānīti| nanvedaṃ pratyakṣapūrvakamiti bhāṣyavirodha ityata āha---pāramparyeṇeti| pāramparyeṇa hi pratyakṣapūrvakatvamuktaṃ bhāṣyakṛtā, tasmānna virodha iti| ativyāptinirāsāya dvitīyaṃ vigrahaṃ vivṛṇoti---yadāpīti| te iti vigrahe anantarasūtragatameva pratyakṣapadaṃ saṃbadhyate| yathā ca dve pratyakṣe pūrve yasya pratyakṣasya liṅgaparāmarśajñānasya pratyakṣaphalasya| tadidaṃ tatpūrvakaṃ pratyakṣam, taddhi svaviṣaye pratyakṣamapyanumeyārthapratyayaṃ kurvadanumānam| tadidaṃ tadityucyate| pratyakṣagrahaṇamupalakṣaṇārtham, anumāne ityādyapi draṣṭavyam| syādetat| saṃbandhagrahaṇasamaye padatadarthagocaraṃ pratyakṣaṃ prathamam| atha tadarthaviṣaye dvitīye pratyakṣe sati yā tatpadaviṣayā smṛtirutpadyate sāpi pratyakṣadvayapūrvā| evaṃ liṅgalliḍgsiṃbandhasmṛtirapi pratyakṣadvayapūrveti tadavasthaivātivyāptirityāśayavān pṛcchati--- katare dve iti| uttaram---liḍgeti| sarvasandeheṣvidamupatiṣṭhate| vyākhyānato viśeṣapratipattirna hi saṃndehādalakṣaṇamiti bhāvaḥ| na ca dvitīyaliṅgadarśanaṃ vyaptismaraṇasamaye vinaśyadavasthamapyasti, vyāptisaṃskārobdodha samayajanmanā svajanitena saṃskāreṇāsya vyāptismaraṇasamaye vināśāt| vinaśyadavasthasya dvitīyaliṅgadarśanasya vyāptismaraṇena saha yaugapadye'pi tayoḥ parasparavārtānabhijñatayā mitho ghaṭanāyogaḥ| na cātmā te ghaṭayatīti yuktam| vṛttyā khalvayaṃ ghaṭayet, na svarūpataḥ | tasmād ubhābhyāmutpannaṃ parāmarśajñānamindriyārthasannikarṣajaṃ tṛtīyaṃ pratyakṣam eṣitavyam| bubhutsāvato dvitīyāditi| bubhutsāpyanumānajñānotpattau kāraṇamiti darśayituṃ bubhutsāvata ityuktam| liṅgaliḍgisaṃbandhadarśanamādyaṃ pratyakṣam ityatra saṃbandhapadenānumānāṅga saṃbandhaṃ vivakṣan paroktān saṃbandhavikalpān anumānānaṅgabhūtān pratikṣipati---pratyakṣamiti ca tasya pramāṇamāha| tathā hi kecidavinābhāvaṃ tādātmyatadutpattinibandhanamanumānāṅgamāhuḥ| dvividho hyarthaḥ, pratyakṣaśca parokṣaśca| tatra yo buddhau sākṣādātmīyaṃ rūpaṃ niveśayati sa pratyakṣaḥ| sa hi svaviṣayāyā buddheḥ janaka iti tamantareṇa buddhirātmānamanāsādayantī tasya sattā niścāyayatīti yuktam| parokṣastu buddhau sākṣāt svarūpopadhānasāmarthyarahito'yuktapratipattireva| na cānyadarśane anyakalpanā yuktā, atiprasaḍgāt| nāntarīyakatayā tvanyo'pyanyaṃ gamayet| sa hi pratibaddhasvabhāvo yathāvidhaḥ siddhaḥ tathāvidhasannidhānaṃ sūcayati| sa ca pratibandho na darśanādarśanamātrādavaseyaḥ, tathā sati sa śyāmo maitanayatvāt paridṛśyamānamaitratanayastomavadityapyanumānaṃ syāt| ihāpi hi sto darśanādarśane| tasmāt tādātmyatadutpattinibandhana eva pratibandhaḥ| yathāha kāryakāraṇabhāvād vā svabhāvād vā niyāmakāt|

21.4.p7

avinābhāvaniyamo darśanānna na darśanāt||

21.4.p8

tathā ca liṅgavikalpaṃ vinā na liḍgivikalpaḥ| na liṅgavikalpo liḍgānubhavaṃ vinā| na liḍgānubhavo liḍgaṃ vinā| na cāvinābhūtaṃ liḍgaṃ vinā liḍginamiti liḍgisvalakṣaṇāpratibhāsyapi pāramparyeṇa tatpratibandhāt

21.4.p9

tatrāvisaṃvādako'numānavikalpa iti| kāryakāraṇabhāvaścedam| asmin sati bhavati satsvapi tadanyeṣvasminnasati na bhavati evamākāro nānvayavyatirekābhyāmatiricyate| tau ca pratyakṣapṛṣṭhabhāvinā vikalpenāvasīyete| tathā hi satyagnau dhūma iti pratyakṣameva vikalpānugatavyāpāramadhyavasyati| asati cāgnau na dhūma ityapi pratyakṣameva, na hyagnidhūmānupalambhāvānyau| atastadviviktavastūpalabhbhāt nāpyanayorvyatireko'nyastadviviktād vastunaḥ| evaṃ tādātmyamapi viparyaye bādhakapramāṇopapattyā niścetavyam, yathā sattvasya kṣaṇikatayā saha tādātmyaṃ vipakṣai'kṣaṇike kramākramayorvyāpakayoranupalambhanniścīyate| tasmāt tādātmyatadutpattibhyāmeva pratibandho nānyata iti||

21.4.p10

atrocyate| satyaṃ yat kii*cat kvacid dṛṣṭam, tasya yatra pratibandhaḥ tadvidastasya tadgamakaṃ tatretyanujānīmaḥ| sa eva tu pratibandho na tāvat tadutpattyā saṃbhavati| kā punariyaṃ tadutpattirdhūmasya? kiṃ vahnyanantaraṃ bhāvaḥ? sa tādṛśo'sti rāsabhasyāpīti tatpratibaddho'pi dhūmaḥ syāt| atha tadanantarameva bhāvaḥ, na ca rāsabhānantaraṃ bhavannapi tadanantarameva bhavati, tasmin satyapyasatyagnau tadabhāvāt| asatyapi tasmin sati ādrendhanavati vahnau tadbhāvāt| atha yadyapi dhūmasya vahnibhāvābhāvānuvidhānaṃ tatropalabdhaṃ tathāpi deśāntarādiṣu tadbhāvo'sya kutastyaḥ? tathā hi bhūyo bhūyo rāsabhe dṛṣṭe dhūmo dṛṣṭaḥ, tadabhāve cādṛṣṭaḥ| na ca sa tatkāryaḥ| tajjātīyasyaiva dhūmasya rāsabhaṃ vinā sati vahnau bhāvāt| evaṃ satyapyagnau piśācena janito dhūmaḥ kvacit deśādau tajjātīya eva rāsabhavad vahnyabhāve'pi piśācādeva bhaviṣyatīti,

21.4.p11

avaśyaṃ śaṅkayā bhāvyaṃ niyāmakamapaśyatām|

21.4.p12

na ca sati bhāvamātraṃ niyāmakam, tasya rāsabhādiṣvaṣyaviśeṣāt| tadanantarameveti cāvadhāraṇasya śaḍkāpanayanamantareṇāsaṃbhavāt| avadhāraṇena tu śaḍkāpanaye parasparāśrayaprasaṅgaḥ||

21.4.p13

syādetat| yo yo dhūmo dṛṣṭaḥ sa sarvastāvadārdrendhanasahitavahnyanantarameva na piśācānantaram| sa ca kādācitkatayā nimittamapekṣamāṇo yadanantarameva gamyate tadevāpratītavyabhicāraṃ nimittīkaroti, na tu pratīvyabhicāraṃ

21.4.p14

rāsabhādi| nāpi sarvathā anupalabdhapūrvapiśācādi| yadi na tannimittaṃ kasmāt vināpi vahni kvacid dhūmo nopalabhyate? athāsau sarvathā vahnisahitaḥ, tathā satyādrendhanavat kathaṃ vahnirapi na kāraṇam? kāraṇaṃ cet kathaṃ tadantareṇa dhūmabhāvaśaḍkā? akāraṇasya hi kāryasya nityaṃ sattvamasattvaṃ vā syāt, anapekṣatvāt, na kādācitkatvam| nāpyanekakāraṇakam, akāraṇakatvaprasaḍgādeva| vahnyanantarameva bhāva iti hi dhūmasya vahnikāryatvam| sa cet avahnerapyanantaraṃ naivakārārthaḥ syāditi na vahneḥ kāryam| evamanyasyāpi na kāryam| na hi anyānantarameva bhavati, vahnerapyanantaraṃ bhāvāt| tataścāhetuko dhūmaḥ syāt| tathā ca kādācitkatvavyāhatiḥ||

21.4.p15

satyam, tatkāryatvasiddhau syādevam| tadeva tu tadanantarameva bhāva ityevaṃrūpaṃ nāsti| yadyapi ca vinā vahni nopalabdho dhūmo yadyapi ca piśācānantaraṃ nopalabhyate teṣāmanupalabdheḥ, tathāpi piśācakāryaeva dhūmasyatra tatra vahniḥ kutaścit svahetorūpanipatito rāsabha iva na tu dhūmasya janamaḥ| tena tadabhāve'pi tajjātīya eva kāraṇabhedajanmā kadācit kādācitko dhūmaḥ syāditi anivṛttireva śaḍkāyāḥ| na dṛṣṭasaṃbhave nādṛṣṭaṃ kalpayituṃ yuktamiti śakyaṃ bhavadbhirvaktum, anupalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasya aśakyanirākaraṇatvāt| na cānupalabdhantarāṇyapi tanniṣedhe prabhavanti| tasmāt anantaramevetyavadhāraṇābhāvāt naivaṃrūpaṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvāvadhāraṇaṃ yuktam| na ca yad yadanyasahitānantaram mupalabdhaṃ tat tadanyarahitāt tasmād bhavad bhinnajātīyaṃ bhavati| uktaṃ hi rāsabhasahitād vahneryādṛśo dhūmaḥ tādṛśa eva tadvirahitād vahneriti| tasmādevaṃvidhā śaḍkāpiśācī svanivārakaṃ tadutpattiniścayamāskandantī na śakyā nivārayitum| api cāstu tadutpattiniścayaḥ, tathāpi kasmāt kāraṇamantareṇa na kāryaṃ bhavati? tathā ca satyanapekṣatayā kādācitkatvavihatiriti cet---yathāha,

21.4.p16

nityaṃ sattvamasattvaṃ vā hetoranyānapekṣaṇāt|

21.4.p17

apekṣāto hi bhāvānāṃ kādācitkatvasaṃbhavaḥ||

21.4.p18

iti| astu tarhi saṃbandhaḥ svābhāvikatayā anyānapekṣo'vyabhicārī gamakāṅgam| sa ca yo vā sa vā bhavatu, kṛtaṃ kāryakāraṇabhāvāvadhāraṇāyāsena| yathā caitat tathātraiva pradarśayiṣyāmaḥ||

21.4.p19

api ca kāryāt kāraṇamanumīyamānaṃ tataḥ pūrvamevānumīyeta, na tu vartamānakālam| na hi hetusattā kāryakālā kāryotpādāṅgam, api tu tatpūrvakālā| na hi nadīpūrabhedaḥ svasattāsamayavarti varṣaṃ gamayatyapi tu tatpūrvakālam| tatkālaṃ tu na tasya kāraṇam| ataeva sādhakabādhakapramāṇābhāvena tatkālavartina varṣe sandihānā na tadarthinaḥ pravartante| evaṃ dhūmādapyagniḥ tatpūrvakāla evānumīyeta, na tu vartamānakālaḥ| tathā ca sati na tadarthinaḥ tatra niḥśaḍkaṃ pravarteran| api ca rasādanyadrūpaṃ rasasamānakālamanumimate'numātāraḥ| na cānayorasti kā kāraṇabhāvaḥ tādātmyaṃ vā| yadyucyeta tatpūrvebhyo rūparasagandhasparśakṣaṇebhyo rasakṣaṇo jāyate, sa svakāraṇaṃ pūrvarūpakṣaṇamanumāpayan yādṛśā tena janitaḥ, tādṛśamevānumāpayati| sa cānumāpakarasakṣaṇasamānakālarūpakṣaṇāntarajanaka eva svakāraṇam iti tādṛśameva gamayati| tathā ca kāryasamānakālarūpānumānasiddhiḥ| etena dhūmānumānaṃ vyākhyātam| yathāha,

21.4.p20

ekasāmagryadhīnasya rūpāderasato gatiḥ|

21.4.p21

hetudharmānumānena dhūmendhanavikāravat||

21.4.p22

iti||

21.4.p23

atrocyate| yo'yu gamakarasasamānakālo rūpakṣaṇaḥ, sa kiṃ tajjanakasya rūpakṣaṇasya svabhāva ata tatsvabhāvāvacchedako'svabhāvabhūtaḥ? na tāvat svabhāvaḥ, ekasminnabhinne janyajanakabhāvānupapatteḥ, tasya bhedāśrayāt| tadasvabhāvabhūtaḥ kathaṃ tadanumānaniveśī? tadavacchedakatvādita cet? nanu naitāvatāpyasya tulyakālasya rūpasya kāraṇabhāva iti kathaṃ kāryaṃ hetorgamyeta? viśiṣṭena kāraṇasvabhāvenāsvabhāvo'pi asāvākṣipyate viśeṣaṇatayeti cet? nanvākṣipyate jñāpyata ityanarthāntaram| sa kiṃ kāraṇānumiteḥ prāgathānumitisamaye paścād vā? na tāvat prāk na hi sattāmātreṇa kāraṇaṃ tad gamayatyatiprasaḍgāt, kiṃ tu svajñānena| na ca kāryamasya gamakam, akāraṇatvādityuktam| ataevānumitisamaye'pyagamakam, svajñānena gamakatvāt| ubhayośca jñānayoḥ sahabhavatoḥ savyetaraviṣāṇavat kāryakāraṇabhāvābhāvāt| tathā ca rasāt kāryāt tatkāraṇaṃ rūpamanumātavyam| tathā ca kāraṇāt kāryānumānaṃ tādātmyatadutpattibhyāmanyata iti nābhyāmeva pratibandhasiddhiḥ| laukikānāṃ cedaṃ rasād rūpānumānam, na caite piśitacakṣuṣaḥ kṣaṇānāmanyonyabhedamadhyavasyanti| na cānadhyavasyantaḥ pravṛttarūpotpādanasāmarthyaṃ rasahetuṃ rūpamanumātumutsahante| na ca lakṣaṇānurodhena lakṣyasyānyathākaraṇaṃ yuktaṃ parīkṣakāraṇam| atipatitalokamaryādānāṃ teṣāṃ tattvānupapatteḥ| yathāhuḥ,

21.4.p24

siddhānugamamātraṃ ca kartuṃ yuktaṃ parīkṣakaiḥ|

21.4.p25

na sarvalokasiddhasya lakṣaṇena nivartanam||

21.4.p26

iti| api cādyatanasya saviturūdayasya hyastanena saviturūdayena, candrodayasya ca samānakālasya samudravṛddhyā, madhyanakṣatradṛṣṭyā cāṣṭamāstamayodayasya, na kāryakāraṇabhāvaḥ tādātmyaṃ vā, atha ca dṛṣṭo gamyagamakabhāvaḥ| api ca tādātmye'pi kathaṃ gamyagamakabhāvaḥ? na hi tadeva karma ca kartṛ ceti yuktam| tasya bhedāśrayatvāt| yadyapi ca

21.4.p27

vṛkṣatvaśiṃśapātve paramārthato na bhinne tathāpi bhedāntarapratikṣepāpratikṣepābhyāṃ kalpitabhedayorgamyagamakabhāva iti cet---na, vāstavameva vṛkṣatvaśiṃśapātvayorbhedamupapādayiṣyāmaḥ| api ca kālpanikamapi rūpaṃ vicāryamāṇaṃ na yathā bhinnamevamabhinnamapi na bhavati, vastuno'pi tucchatvaprasaḍgāt| kālpanikasyāvāstavatvena tattvānupapatteḥ| tasmāt kalpanārūḍhayornavastutādātmyam, nāpi parasparam| tathā sati saddravyapārthivavṛkṣaśiśapādivikalpānāṃ ca paryāyatvaprasaḍgāt||

21.4.p28

syādetat| kalpanābhedavirahiṇāṃ bhedamullikhantyapi parasparameṣāmabhedamapyavagāhate sāmānādhikaraṇyākāratvāt, abhedānullekhe tadanupapatteḥ| tathā ca tādātmyaṃ siddhamiti| tadayuktam| uktaṃ hi yathā sāmānādhikaraṇyaṃ na bhāvānāmabhedasādhakam| jātyādiśabdā hi jātyādīn nimittīkṛtya dravye vartante| taccādhikaraṇamekamiti sāmānādhikaraṇyam aśnuvate, na punarjātyādīnapi mitho miśrayanti| śabdasamānaviṣayāṇāṃ vikalpānām apīyameva gati| tasmād yatra gamyagamakabhāvo na tatra tādātmyam, yatra tādātmyaṃ na tatra gamyagamakabhāva iti saddhim| yattu viditaśiṃśapāvyavahāramaviditavṛkṣavyavahāramuccāyāṃ hi śiṃśapāyāṃ vṛkṣaśabdaḥ prayuktaḥ, tasmāduccatvameva vṛkṣaśabdapravṛttinimittamiti manyamānaṃ mūḍhaṃ prati śiṃśapātvena vṛkṣavyavahāramātraṃ sādhyate| vāmanāyāmapi śiśapāyāṃ vṛkṣa iti vyavahartavyam, śiṃśapāmātrānubandhitvād vṛkṣatvasyeti| tatrāpi ced vyavahāraḥ sādhyaḥ sa śiṃśapāyā bhinna iti, na tādātmyam| vyavahārayogyatā cet? sā śiṃśapāyā abhinneti na gamyagamakabhāvaḥ| vyāvṛttibhede coktam| tasmāt tādātmyatadutpattibhyāṃ pratibandha iti manorathamātram||

21.4.p29

yaśca vaiṣeśikaiḥ catuṣprakāraḥ saṃbandha ucyate, asyedaṃ kāryaṃ kāraṇaṃ saṃbandhyekāryasamavāyi virodhi ceti laiḍgikam [vai. sū. 9|2|1]|| iti, atrāpi saṃbandhipadenaiva sarvāpasaṃgrahāt śeṣābhighānaṃ vyartham| na ca saṃbandhipadopāttasyātiprasaktiḥ śeṣapadairnivāryate| tathā sati śeṣapadānyeva santu kṛtaṃ saṃbandhipadena, tebhya eva saṃbandhibhedānāmadhigateḥ| na caivaṃ cāturvidhyaṃ saṃbandhasyānumānaṅgasya| tacceṣyate| tathā ca saṃbandhipadasya saṃbandhimātrāvarodhe'tivyāptiḥ| api ca bhūtaṃ varṣam abhūtasya vāyvabhrasaṃyogasya kathaṃ virodhi? taddhi tadanukūlameva evam abhūtam varṣaṃ bhūtasya vāyyabhrasaṃyogasyāpratikūlam| evaṃ bhūto nakulajayo na bhūtasya sarpaparājayasya virodhī| nāpi abhūto'sau abhūtasya virodhī| yeṣāṃ punarvirodhaḥ, teṣāmanyatamadanyatamasya na liṅgamapi tu pratikṣepakameva||

21.4.p30

etenaiva,

21.4.p31

mātrānimittasaṃyogivirodhisahacāribhiḥ|

21.4.p32

svasvāmivadhyaghātādyaiḥ sāṃkhyānāṃ saptadhānumā||

21.4.p33

ityapi parākṛtaṃ veditavyam||

21.4.p34

tasmād yo vā sa vāstu saṃbandhaḥ kevalaṃ yasyāsau svābhāviko niyataḥ, sa eva gamako gamyaścetaraḥ saṃbandhīti yujyate| tathā hi dhūmādīnāṃ vahnyādisaṃbandhaḥ svābhāvikaḥ, na tu vahnyadīnāṃ dhūmādibhiḥ| te hi vināpi dhamādibhirūpalabhyante| yadā tvādrendhanādisaṃbandhamanubhavanti, tadā dhūmādibhiḥ saha saṃbadhyante| tasmādvahnyādīnāmādrendhānādyupādhikṛtaḥ saṃbandho na svābhāvikaḥ, tato na niyataḥ svābhāvikastu dhūmādīnā vahnyādisaṃbandhaḥ, tadupādheranupalabhyamānatvāt| kvacid vyabhicārasyādarśanāt māno'pi darśanānarhatayā sādhakabādhakapramāṇābhovana sandihyamāna upādhiḥ saṃbandhasya svābhāvikatva pratibadhnātīti sāṃpratam||

21.4.p35

avaśyaṃ śaṅkayā bhāvyaṃ niyāmakamapaśyatām|

21.4.p36

iti dattāvakāśā khalviyaṃ laukikapramāṇāmaryādātikrameṇa śaḍkāśicī labdhrapasarā na kvacit nāstīti nāyaṃ kvacit pravarteta| sarvatraiva kasyacit kathi*cadanarthasya śaḍkāspadatvāt| anarthaśaḍkāyāśca prekṣāvatāṃ nivṛttyaṅgatvāt| antataḥ snigdhānnapānopayoge'pi maraṇādidarśanāt| tasmāt prāmāṇikalokayātrāmanupālayatā yathādarśanaṃ śaṅkanīyam| na tbadṛṣṭapūrvamapi| na tvadṛṣṭapūrvamapi| viśeṣasmṛtyapekṣo hi saṃśayo nāsmṛterbhavati| na ca smṛtirananubhūtacare bhavitumarhati| tasmādupādhi prayatnenānviṣyanto'nupalabhyamānā nāstītyavagamya svābhāvikatvaṃ saṃbandhasya niścinumaḥ||

21.4.p37

syādetat| anyenānyasya sahakāreṇa cet svābhāvikaḥ saṃbandho bhavet, sarvaṃ sarveṇa svabhāvataḥ saṃbadhyeta| tathā ca

21.4.p38

sarvaṃ sarvasmād gamyeta| athānyasya cedanyat kāryam, kasmāt sarvaṃ sarvasya na bhavati, anyatvāviśiṣāt| tataśca sa evātiprasaṅgaḥ| yadyucyeta, na bhāvasvabhāvāḥ paryanuyojyāḥ, tasmādanyatvāviśeṣe'pi kii*cadeva kāraṇaṃ kārya*ca kii*caditi| nanveṣa svabhāvānāmanuyogo bhinnānāmakāryakāraṇabhūtānāmapi svabhāvapratibandhe tulya eva| tasmād yatkii*cadetat| kaḥ punaḥ pramāṇena svābhāvikaḥ saṃbandho gṛhyate? pratyakṣasaṃbandhiṣu pratyakṣeṇa, yathāha---liṅgaliḍgisaṃbandhadarśanamādyamiti| yadā tāvat prathamaṃ vahnidhūmayoḥ sahādrendhanayoḥ saṃbandhaṃ paśyati tadā dvayorapi kiṃ svābhāvikaḥ saṃbandha aupādhiko vā? atha dhūmasyaupādhiko vahneḥ svābhāvikaḥ, vahnervaupādhiko dhūmasya tu svābhāvika iti na śakyaṃ nirdhārayitum| tatra vahneranārdrendhanasya vinādhūmamayogolakādau darśanād ādrendhanopādhirasya dhūmena saṃbandho, na tu svabhāvika iti niścīyate| dhūmaviśeṣasya tu vinā vahnimanupalabhbhād upādhibhedasya cādṛśyamānasya kalpanāyāṃ pramāṇābhāvād viśeṣasmṛtyapekṣasya ca saṃśayasyānupalabdhapūrve anutpādāt, utpāde vā atiprasaḍgāt prekṣāvatāṃ pravṛttyucchedāt svābhāvikaḥ saṃbandhaḥ avadhāryate| tadidamavadhāraṇaṃ na mānasam, anapekṣasya manaso bāhye pravṛttāvandhabadhirādyabhāvaprasaḍgāt| bhūyodarśanasāpekṣasya ca pravṛttau pramāṇāntarāpātāt, na hi mano nimittam ityeva mānasaṃ pratyakṣaṃ bhavati| tathā sati na kii*canmānasam, pratyayamātrasya manonimittatvāt| tattadasādhāraṇakāraṇāpekṣayo tu tatpramāṇavyapadeśe atrāpi bhūyodarśanam asādhāraṇamiti pramāṇāntaraṃ jātam| tasmādabhijātamaṇibhedatattvavadbhūyodarśanajanitasaṃskārasahāyamindriyameva dhūmādīnāṃ vahnyādibhiḥ svābhāvikasaṃbandhagrāhīti yuktamutpaśyāmaḥ||

21.4.p39

evaṃ mānāntaraviditasaṃbandhiṣu mānāntarāṇyeva yathāsvaṃ bhūyodarśanasahāyāni svābhāvikasaṃbandhagrahaṇe pramāṇamunnetavyāni| svabhāvataśca pratibaddhā hetavaḥ svasādhyena yadi sādhyamantareṇa bhaveyuḥ, svabhāvādeva pracyaveranniti tarkasahāyā

21.4.p40

nirastasādhyavyatirekavṛttisandehā yatra dṛṣṭāḥ tatra svasādhyamupasthāpayantyeva| na ca śyāmādiṣu maitratanayādīnāṃ svābhāvikapratibandhasaṃbhavaḥ, annapānapariṇatibhedasyopādheḥ śyāmatāyā maitratanayasaṃbandhaṃ prati vidyamānatvena maitratanayatvasyāgamakatvāt| etena pakvānyasya vṛkṣasyāgravartīni phalāni etadvṛkṣaprabhavatvāt patitaphalavadityādayo'pyaupādhikasaṃbandhā vyākhyātāḥ| tasmāt sarvamavadātam||

21.4.p41

nanvantimapratyakṣamatītābhyāṃ pratyakṣābhyāṃ kathamanugṛhyate ityata āha---smṛtyā ceti| co hetvarthe| yadyapi svarūpato liṅgadarśane atīte, tathāpi tajjanitā smṛtiḥ anugṛhṇāti yasmādatastābhyāmanugṛhyate| anugrahaśca karaṇameva| saṃbandhasamṛtisahakāriṇā indriyeṇa svasādhyāvinābhūtaliṅgavijñānaṃ yadupajanyate tat parāmarśa ityākhyāyate| tathābhūtaliṅgagocara eva caturtho vākyāvayava upanaya ityākhyāyate| atra pṛcchati---kaḥ punariti| anumānaśabdasyārtho na tāvadanumitiḥ| na khalu liṅgaparāmarśo'numitiḥ, pratyakṣaphalatvāt| tasmādanumīyate aneneti karaṇārtho vaktavyaḥ| sa ca liṅgaviṣayaḥ kriyā ca liḍgiviṣayeti viṣayavaiṣamyāt na kriyākaraṇabhāva iti bhāvaḥ| uttaram---anumīyata iti| tenaivābhiprāyeṇa pṛcchati---kiṃ punariti| uttaram---agnīti| praṣṭā svābhiprāyamudghāṭayati---kathaṃ punaranyaviṣayamiti| ekadeśina uttaram---nāniyamāditi| vṛkṣoddeśena pravartitaḥ paraśuḥ kartrā na tadavayavoddeśena, tasmād vṛkṣaviṣayaḥ paraśurna tadavayavaviṣayaḥ| dvaidhībhāvaścāvayaveṣu na vṛkṣe, tasya tato vināśāt iti bhāvaḥ| kvacit punaryadviṣayamiti| auṣṇyāpekṣo vahnisaṃyogaḥ karaṇaṃ taṇḍuleṣu| rūpādiparāvṛttirūpaḥ pākaḥ teppeva| taṇḍulena piṭharaṃ lakṣayati| na kevalaṃ samānaviṣayatvāniyamaḥ kartuḥ karaṇaṃ bhinnamityapi niyamo nāstītyaniyamābhidhānaprasaḍgenāha-kvacit punariti| sthitiḥ sāvayaveṣu samavāyo vā pradeśaviśeṣe saṃyogo vā| evamaniyamaṃ dṛṣṭānta uktvā dārṣṭāntike yojayati---evamanyaviṣayasyeti dhūmaviṣayasya pramāṇasyāgniviṣayā kriyā pramitiḥ| yadā agniviṣayameva jñānaṃ pramāṇaṃ tatrāha---kvacit punariti| ākṣipati---kiṃ punariti| atra hetumāha---pramitatvāt| uttaram---pramīyate| tadvibhajate---heyatveneti| aniyamavādina ekadeśino mataṃ niyamavādī dūṣayati---tanneti| hetumāha---pramāṇaphalayoriti| yadi anyaviṣayaṃ karaṇamanyaviṣayā kriyā bhavet tataśchedane khadiraṃ prāpte panasādāvapi cchidā syādityatiprasaṅgaḥ syāt| yadyapi vṛkṣoddeśena kartrā paraśuḥ prayuktastathāpyayaṃ vṛkṣamiva tadavayavānapi prāpta iti tadviṣayo bhavati| tena tadavayavadvaidhībhāvamukhena vṛkṣaviṣayāmapi dvaidhībhāvakriyāṃ janayatīti na vaiyadhikaraṇyaṃ karaṇaphalayoḥ| evaṃ yadyapi liṅgaviṣayaṃ pratyakṣaphalatayā liṅgajñānam, tadanubaddhasya tasya

21.4.p42

mānasapratyakṣagocaratvāt, liṅganirūpaṇamantareṇa tadanirūpaṇāt| na tu liṅgajñānaṃ liḍginaṃ vinā na nirūpyate| tasmāt pratipattayanubandhitayā viṣayo na liṅgajñānasya liḍgī, kiṃ tu liṅgameva| tathapi liḍgiviṣayapratipattijanakatvāt liṅgajñānaṃ bhavati liḍgiviṣayam| na cātiprasaṅgaḥ, svābhāvikasaṃbandhaśālitvāt liḍsya liḍgini| tasmād dvividho viṣayabhāvaḥ pratipattyanubandhitayā, pratipādyatayā ca| tatra pūrvaḥ phalasya, uttarastu prāmāṇyasyeti vivekaḥ| tasmāt suṣṭhuktam---pramāṇaphalayorviṣayabhadānabhyupagamāditi| sthitau tu bhedo darśayiṣyate kartuḥ karaṇasya ceti| tadevaṃ tāni te iti vigrahadvayaṃ parasparāpekṣamupapādya tāni taditi vigrahadvayaṃ parasparāpekṣamupapādayati---yadā punariti| liṅgaliḍgisaṃbandhadarśanaṃ ca anantaraliṅgadarśanaṃ ca tatsmṛtiśceti vigrahaḥ| atrāpi sarvasandeheṣvidamupatiṣṭhate, vyākhyānato viśaiṣapratipattirna hi sandehādalakṣaṇamiti bhāvaḥ||

21.4.p43

nanu yadi pramāṇaphalayorekaviṣayatvaṃ tarhi parāmarśajñānaviṣayīkṛta evārtho viṣayīkartavyo nānyaḥ| sa ca pratyakṣapramāṇaviṣaya eveti kṛtamanumānenetyāśayavān pṛcchati---kiṃ punariti| tairviśiṣṭena liṅgaparāmarśenetyarthaḥ| uttaram---śeṣo'rthaḥ| pratyakṣapramitāt liḍgādanyo liḍgī tadviṣayatvaṃ ca liṅgaparāmarśasyoktamiti| pṛcchati---anumānamityatra kiṃ kārakam? anumīyate'neneti karaṇakārakameva yuktaṃ, tasyaiva liṅgadarśanadvayasmṛtipūrvakatvāt, na tvanumitiranumānaṃ pramāṇavyāpāratvenātannimittatvāt karaṇakārakādanyatvād atatpūrvakatvācceti bhāvaḥ| uttaram---bhāvaḥ karaṇaṃ vā| nanūktaṃ na bhāvaḥ kārakamityata āha---yadeti| na dravyādīnāmeva kārakatvam, api tu vyāpārasyāpi| anyathā karmanāmadheyeṣūdbhidādiśabdeṣu na kāraṇavibhaktiḥ śrūyeta, udbhidā yajeta darśamaurṇamāsābhyāṃ yajetetyādi| saṃbhavati hi tasyāpi siddhasya phalabhāvanāyāṃ nimittatvam| evaṃ vahnipramāyāḥ siddhāyāḥ saṃbhavati hānādibuddhinimittabhāvaḥ| etasmiśca kalpe tatpūrvakamityatra tadā hānādisaṃbandhāvadhāraṇasamaye prathamaṃ vahnitvasya liṅgasya darśanam, athānumānikaṃ dvitīyam, atha saṃbandhasya smṛtiriti trayamekīkṛtya parāmarṣṭavyam| tatpūrvako hi tathā cāyamanumīyamāno vahniriti liṅgaparāmarśaḥ| tasmād dāhapākādikāritvādupādeyo vahniriti jñānamanumānasya phalam| tataśca tatpūrvakatvamapi siddhaṃ bhavatīti bhāvaḥ| karaṇakārakapakṣe phalamāha---yadā karaṇamiti| atra vimṛśati-liḍgeti| tatpūrvakatvānumitinimittatvasamānadharmadarśanāt saṃśayaḥ| atra ācāryadeśīyamatamāha---eke tāvaditi| satsvapītareṣu smṛterabhāvādanumiteranutpādanena smṛtireva anumānam, itare tu tadanugrāhakā ityarthaḥ| matāntaramāha---apara iti| satsvapītareṣu liṅgaparāmarśaṃ vinā anumityanutpādāt, liṅgaparāmarśa evānumānamitarairanugṛhīta ityarthaḥ|

21.4.p44

svamatamāha---vayaṃ tviti| anvayavyatirekābhyāmaśakyo guṇapradhānabhāvo vivektum, tayoḥ sarvatra tulyatvāditi bhāvaḥ| tat kimidānīṃ nāstyeva guṇapradhānabhāva ityata āha---pradhāneti| nānvayavyatirekāvatra prabhavato na tu nyāyāntaramiti bhāvaḥ| pṛcchati---kaḥ punaratreti| uttaramāha---ānantaryeti| nehāsti tirohitaṃ kii*cat||

21.4.p45

ativyāpti codayati---yadīti| nanu bhavatu pratyakṣadvayapūrvakaḥ saṃskāro'numānam, tenāpi śeṣo'rtho'numāsyata ityata āha---smṛtihetuḥ nānumitiheturityarthaḥ| pariharati---naiṣa doṣa iti| viśiṣṭajñānaṃ vijñānam viśaṣaśca smṛteranyatvam, na hīndriyārthasannikarṣotpannaṃ jñānaṃ smṛtiḥ| tasyāḥ saṃskāramātraprabhavatayā anyasmādanutpatteḥ| tena ca jñānena svakāraṇaṃ viśeṣitam, pratyakṣasūtre yata ityadhyāhārāt| tasmādihāpi svakāraṇaviśeṣakaṃ smṛteranyad vijñānamadhikṛtam| na ca saṃskāraḥ pratyakṣapūrvo'pi tādṛśajñānakāraṇamiti na tasya prasaṅga ityarthaḥ|

21.4.p46

nirṇaye'nupajanitaphale prasaṅga nivārayati-nirṇaya iti| vibhāgasūtrākṣiptapramāṇasāmānyalakṣaṇapūrvakaṃ viśeṣapramāṇalakṣaṇaṃ

21.4.p47

tadapekṣaṃ pravartamānaṃ nānupajanitaphale'pramāṇe nirṇayamātre pravartitumarhati, janitaphalastu nirṇayaḥ pramāṇameveti bhāvaḥ| svaviṣayaparicchedakatvāt phalaṃ pariccheda eva paricchedakaḥ| svārthikaḥ pratyayaḥ||

21.4.p48

trividhamiti sūtrāvayavamarthagauravādarād vārttikakāra udbhāṣyaṃ vyācaṣṭe---trividhamitīti| anvayavyatirekiṇaṃ lakṣayati---tatreti| vivakṣitopapattiḥ pakṣadharmatā| tajjātīyopapattiḥ anvayaḥ| vipakṣāvṛttiḥ vyatirekaḥ| anvayimātrāt vyatirekimātrācca vyāvṛtto'nvayavyatirekī darśanīya iti hetutrayasādhāraṇe abādhitaviṣayatvātsatpratipakṣtve satī api heturūpe na darśite| vivakṣitapratyayamantareṇa cānvayavyatirakayoḥ tajjātīyātajjātīyavṛttivyāvṛttyoraśakyapratītitvād vivakṣitopādānam| tatprasaḍgena ca taddharmatā hetutrayasamānapi darśitā| tasyodāharaṇamāha---yatheti| pratyakṣatvāditi heturātmani nitye'stītyata uktam---bāhyakaraṇeti| tathāpi sāmānyaviśeṣairghaṭatvādibhirvyabhicāra ityata uktam--sāmānyaviśeṣavattva iti| tathāpi paramāṇubhirbāhyakaraṇapratyakṣairyogināṃ vyabhicāra ityata uktam--asmadādīti| tathā cāyaṃ nityebhya ākāśādibhyo ghaṭādiṣu cānityeṣvanvita iti bhavatyanvayavyatirekī| anvayinaṃ lakṣayati--anvayīti, vipakṣahīna iti| vipakṣābhāvena tato vyatirekābhāvaṃ darśayati| sadbhyāmabhāvo nirūpyate naikena satetyuktam| tena hetoryato vipakṣānnivṛttiḥ sa eva nāstīti kuto nivartatām, pakṣādanyasya sarvasyaiva sapakṣatvāt? na nivartata iti cet? astu tarhi hetostatra vṛttiḥ, nivṛttiniṣedharūpatvād vṛtteriti cet? yasyābhāvādhikaraṇatvamapi na saṃbhavati nirūpākhyasya tasya bhāvādhikaraṇatvaśaḍketi subhāṣitam| na khalu mumurṣosatoyābhyavahāre'pyasamarthasya śaṣkulībhakṣaṇaṃ śaṅkate cetanaḥ| tat kimidānīṃ bhāvābhāvau na parasparābhāvātmānau yadekaniṣedhenānyavidhiḥ syāt? satyam, yatraikatara etayorniṣidhyate vidhīyate vā tatra taditaravidharniṣedho vāvaśyaṃ bhavet| na tviha paramārthataḥ kasyacit niṣedhaḥ| na cātra nirūpākhyo hetorvyatireko niṣidhyate| nanu nirūpākhyo niṣedhādhikaraṇamiti ca vacaḥ svacaritaviruddham| na caitat tattvato nirūpākhye hetorvyatirekaṃ vā hetuṃ vā vyāsedhāmo nāpyanvayaṃ vidadhmaḥ| no khalvayaṃ sakalapratipattyabhājanaṃ kvacidapyupayujyate| upayoge vā nirūpākhyo na bhavet| kastarhi na nirūpākhye hetorvyatireka ityasyavacanasyārthaḥ? atha nirūpākhye hetorvyatireka ityasya bhavadbhāṣitasya ko'rthaḥ? ahṛdayavācāṃ khalayahṛdayā eva prativāco bhavanti bhavanti| yakṣānurūpo baliriti hi laukikānām ābhāṇakaḥ| na cātyantādṛṣṭapūrvāṇāṃ kalpanājālagocaratvamiti copapāditamanyathākhyāti| nirūpaṇavāsare| kalpitagocaraśca vyatireko'pi kālpanika iti nānumānāṅgam| svābhāvikarūpasaṃpannaṃ hi pramāṇaṃ tattvajñānarūphalāya kalpate na kalpitarūpasaṃpadā, tasyāḥ sarvatra sulabhatvāditi| tattvaviṣayatvaṃ cānumānasyopapādayiṣyate| tasmādanupākhye vipakṣe hetorvyatirekanivṛttau vā vyatireke vā hetupravṛttau vā sahṛdayānāṃ mūkataivocitā| na caitāvatā hetoragamakatvam| na hi vyatireko'stītyeva gamako bhavati| mā bhūdasādhāraṇasyāpi gamakatvam, kiṃ tu svasādhyena saha svābhāvikasaṃbandhaśālitayā| sā

21.4.p49

cānvayavyatirekābhyāmivānvayamātreṇapyupādhirahitena śakyā jñātumiti kṛtamatra vyatirekeṇa| vipakṣasaṃbhave tu tatrāpi hetuvṛttiśaḍkānirākaraṇāya vyatirekagrahaṇam upāsanīyamiti sarvamavadātam||

21.4.p50

udāharaṇamāha---yatheti| svamate tvabhidheyo viśeṣaḥ prameyatvāt sāmānyavat| paramāṇvākāśādayaḥ kasyacit pratyakṣāḥ prameyatvāt ghaṭavadityādayo draṣṭavyāḥ, viśvasyaiva sadasatprabhedabhinnasya yathāsvaṃ pakṣasapakṣayorantarbhāvena vipakṣābhāvāditi| vyatirekiṇaṃ lakṣayati---vyatirekīti| tamimaṃ vyatirekiṇaṃ hetvavayavalakṣaṇavyākhyānāvasare vārttikakṛd upapādayiṣyatīti nehopapāditaḥ| tadevaṃ trividhamityavacchidya vyutpādya saṃprati pūrvavadityādinā ekavākyatayā vyācaṣṭa---atha vā trividhamiti| tisṛṣvapi vidhāsu sādhyavacanasya pūrvamapapādanāt pūrvaṃ sādhyaṃ tad yasyāstyadhikaraṇatayā tatpūrvavat| tathāpyanityāḥ paramāṇavo gandhavattvād ghaṭavadityapi hetuḥ syāt| asti hi sādhyaṃ

21.4.p51

tasyāpi, pārthivānāmapyaṇūnāmanityatvena siṣādhayiṣitatvādityata āha---vyāptyeti| asti gandhavattvasya sādhyaṃ na tu vyāptyā, pṛthivīmātravṛttitatayā caturṣu paramāṇuṣu tadabhāvāt| sādhyasyopayuktatvāt tato'nyastajjātīyaḥ śeṣaḥ, sādhyasāmānyena samāna iti yāvat| tadidamāha---sādhyatajjātīya iti||

21.4.p52

padāni vibhajyārthamāha---pūrvavannāmeti| sāmānyato'dṛṣṭamiti na*mantarbhāvya vyācaṣṭa---sāmānyataśceti|

21.4.p53

tathā ca bādhitaviṣayaṃ prakaraṇasamaṃ cānumānaṃ syādityata āha---caśabdāditi| vārttike caśabdenāsatpratipakṣatvamati sūcitam| tena sūtrasthena caśabdenābādhitaviṣayatvamasatpratipakṣatvamapi rūpadvayaṃ samuccitamityuktaṃ bhavati| nanvevaṃ trividho'pi hetuḥ pa*calakṣaṇaḥ syādityata āha---evamiti| etaduktaṃ bhavati abādhitaviṣayamasatpratipakṣaṃ pūrvavaditi ca dhruvaṃ kṛtvā śeṣavadityekā vidhā, sāmānyatodṛṣṭamiti dvitīyā, śeṣavatsāmānyatodṛṣṭaṃ ceti tṛtīyā| trividhamanumānam| tatra caturlatraṇa dvayam| ekaṃ pa*calakṣaṇamiti|

21.4.p54

tadevaṃ svamatena sūtraṃ vyākhyāya bhāṣyakṛnmatena vyācaṣṭa---atha veti| ākṣeptuṃ svarūpato vyācaṣṭe---tatreti| pūrvaṃ kāraṇaṃ kāryāt| tad yasyāsti viṣayatayā parāmarśajñānasyānumānasya tat pūrvavadityarthaḥ| vikalpyā ākṣipati---yadi tāvaditi sarvatrānumānaprasaḍgāditi bhāvaḥ| atiprasaḍbhiyā kalpāntaramātiṣṭhate---atha punariti| dūṣayati---etadapīti| dūṣaṇāntaraṃ samuccinoti---kāraṇadarśanācceti| nāsiddhāśrayo heturgamaka iti bhāvaḥ|

21.4.p55

pariharati--neti| dvayamapi nābhyupeyata ityarthaḥ| kiṃ tarhi abhyupeyate ityata āha--kāryaṃ tviti| enaṃ prakāramanyatrāpyatidiśati--evamiti| pṛcchati--kathamiti| uttaram--dvayoriti| pūrvaśabdena kāraṇabhighāyinā pratisaṃbandhitayā kāryamapyupakṣiptam| ato dvayorapyupakṣiptayoḥ kāraṇasyopayogādanumānabhāveneti yocanā| udāharaṇamāha--udāharaṇamiti| yadyapi kāraṇamātraṃ vyabhicārati kāryotpādam, tathāpi yādṛśaṃ na vyabhicarati tatra nipuṇena pratipatrā bhavitavyam| anyathā dhūmamātramapi vahnisattāṃ vyabhicaratīti na dhūmaviśeṣo gamako bhavet| rasādrūpānumāne tu vaināśikānāmāpāditaṃ kāraṇāt kāryānumānamasmābhiḥ| api cāntyatantusaṃyogānantaraṃ paṭo jāyate tatrāpi śakyaṃ kāraṇāt kāryānumānam| yadā khalvayamanyata evodbuddhasaṃskāro vyāptismṛtimān aviraleṣvitareṣu tantuṣu antyatantāvutpannāyāṃ kriyāyāmindriyasannikarṣāt prathamameva parāmṛśati tathā ceyamiti, tadaiva kriyāto vibhāga ityekaḥ kālaḥ| atha yadā vibhāgāt pūrvasaṃyogavināśaḥ, tadā parāmarśāt tasmādavaśyaṃbhāvipaṭaviśiṣṭeyaṃ kriyetyanumānotpāda ityekaḥ kālaḥ| athāntyasya tantostantusaṃyogaḥ, atha paṭotpādaḥ, tatra rūpādyutpādaḥ, atha pratyakṣadarśanam ityanumānotpādasya parastāccaturthe kṣaṇe pratyakṣam| yadi tu kriyotpādānantaramālocanamiṣyate, tathāpi tṛtīye kṣaṇe pratyakṣasya utpāda iti nānavasaramanumānam| api ca badhiro murajamukhamabhihatya svapāṇinābhighātādeva śabdakāraṇāt tatkāryaṃ śabdaṃ niḥśaṅkamanumimīte| evamanyānyapi kāraṇāt kāryānumānāni ūhanīyanīti||

21.4.p56

śeṣavadudāharaṇamāha--nadyā iti| codayati--kathaṃ punariti| pariharati--neti| anumīyate'neneti anumānaṃ nadīpūraḥ| na tu vṛṣṭiranumīyamānā pūraviśeṣāt nātītā śakyānumātum, anumānasamaye tadatyayasyāśakyaniścayatvāt| nāpi vartamānā tadatyayasyāpi tadānīṃ saṃbhavāt| evaṃ bhaviṣyantyapi sādhakabādhakapramāṇābhāvena sandigdhaiva| tasmāt trekālyasyāśakyaniścayatvāt anupapannamanumānamityata āha--bhaviṣyatīti| kāraṇasya hi kāryāt pūrvakālatā śakyā niścetum kāryeṇa liḍgena| tena atītādisandehaḥ kṣatimāvahati| yaḥ kaściditi yogyābhiprāyam| sa ca kāryasya purastāt tato niścayavyāpta ityarthaḥ||

21.4.p57

sāmānyatodṛṣṭodāharaṇaṃ bhāṣyakārīyaṃ duḥkhabodham, śeṣavadudāharaṇāntargataṃ ca| atrāpi kāryeṇa saviturdeśāntaraprāptyā tatkāraṇasya vrajyāyā anumānāt| na caitāvatā anumānasya traividhyaṃ bhavati, udāharaṇamātrasyānantyenānantyaprasaḍgāt| tasmād bhāṣyakāravyākhyānamarocayamāno vārttikakṛt anyathāvyākhyāyodāharaṇāntaramāha--sāmānyatodṛṣṭaṃ nāmeti| sādhyadharmāvinābhāvinā viśeṣaṇena sādhanadharmeṇa viśiṣyamāṇo dharmo gamyate gamakatvena| hetuviśiṣṭo hi dharmo gamakaḥ, jijñāsitadharmaviśiṣṭaśca gamyaḥ| yathāhuḥ,

21.4.p58

sa eva cobhayātmārya gamyo gamaka iṣyate|

21.4.p59

asiddhenaikadeśena gamyaḥ siddhena bodhakaḥ||

21.4.p60

iti| avinābhāvitvaṃ svabhāvapratibaddhatvaṃ sarveṣāmeva hetūnāṃ sāmānyam| tatra dharmadharmiṇorabhedavivakṣayā hetureva sāmānyamuktaḥ| sāmānyenāvinābhāvinā hetunā avacchinnaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ dharmirūpamanumānaṃ sāmānyato dṛṣṭamanumānam| tṛtīyāyāstasiḥ| tadetat pūrvavaccheṣavatorapi prāpakamapi tatpadasannidhānāt gobalīvardanyāyena te parityajyānyatra niviśate| tadidamuktam--akāryakāraṇabhṛteneti| udāharaṇamāha--yathā balākayeti||

21.4.p61

bhāṣyakārīyamudāharaṇamupanyasyākṣipati--apare punariti| taditi gatimāniti|

21.4.p62

parāmṛśati--upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptatvāditi| karmaṇo hi mahattvarūpaviśeṣaikārthasamavāya upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptiḥ pratyakṣopalabdhiyogyatā| samādhatte--naivedamiti| deśāntaraprāptimānādityaḥ dravyatve sati kṣayavṛddhipratyayāviṣayatve ca prāḍmukhopalabhyatve ca tadabhimukhadeśasaṃbandhād anutpannapādavihārasya parivṛtya tatpratyayaviṣayatvāt maṇyādivat, tatpratyayaviṣayatvād ityucyamāne puraḥsthitena sthāṇunā vyabhicāraḥ, so'pi hi pratyabhijñāviṣayo bhavati tatraiva sthitaḥ|

21.4.p63

tannivṛttyarthaṃ parivṛtyetyuktam| tathāpi guṇādibhirvyabhicāraḥ| tannivṛttyarthaṃ dravyatve satīti viśeṣaṇam| tathāpi pradīpādibhirāśutaravināśibhirvyabhicāraḥ, tannivṛttyarthaṃ kṣayavṛddhipratyayāviṣayatve satīti viśeṣaṇam| tathāpi pṛṣṭhato'vasthitayā sthūṇayā vyabhicāraḥ, tannivṛttyarthaṃ prāḍmukhopalabhyatve satīti viśeṣaṇam| upalabhyatā ca upalabdhikarmatā| sā cehātītā vivakṣitā, anyathā pūrvāparajaladhivelāvagāhinā tuhinaśailena vyabhicāraḥ| yadyapyayamapi parivṛtya tatpratyayavato'tipatitopalambhakarmabhāvaḥ, tathāpi tadā narāntarasyopalabhyaḥ| mārtaṇḍamaṇḍalaṃ

21.4.p64

tvastācalacūḍāvalambi na prācyāṃ kasyacidupalambhagocara iti vaiṣamyam, tathāpi yadi draṣṭaiva puro'vasthitasya paścimābhimukhasaya prāsādasya svayumupanipatya pṛṣṭato bhavati, tadoktalakṣaṇasya hetorasti vyabhicāraḥ| tannivṛttyarthamanutpannapādavihārasyeti viśeṣaṇam| tadabhimukhadeśasaṃbandhāditi lyablope pa*camī| svābhimukhadeśamuddiśyānutpannaḥ pādavihāro yasya sa tathoktaḥ| tamuddiśya khalvayaṃ padbhyāṃ saṃcaramāṇaḥ prāsādasya pṛṣṭato bhavatīti bhāvaḥ| deśāntaraprāptau sādhanāntaramāha---deśāntareti| satyavināśa iti ca draṣṭavyam| ye tvimāmanumānaparamparām amṛṣyamāṇā diśaḥ pratyakṣatāmicchanti, vipratipannaṃ cānumānena bodhayanti, tanmatamupanyasyati---eke tviti| dūṣayati--tacca neti| arūpamātmasukhādyapi pratyakṣamiti śaṅkamānena bāhyakaraṇenetyuktam| pṛcchati--kathaṃ tarhīti| uttaram--digdeśeti| anyathāsiddhatayā aḍgulyā nirdeśasya dikpratyakṣatvena na svābhāvikaḥ pratibandha ityarthaḥ||

21.4.p65

syādetat| apratyakṣāyāṃ diśi digdeśasaṃbandhiṣvityetadeva kuta ityata āha---ādityeneti| tadvibhajane---prācītyayamiti| tat punaridaṃ pratyakṣam ā codayāt ā cāstamayād deśāntaraṃ sa*caraṇaṃ mārtaṇḍamaṇḍalasya anākalitadravyatve satītyādidaṇḍakānumānānāmindriyavyāpārāntaramupajāyamānatvāt| tatra mā bhūvannākāśadigādayaḥ pratyakṣāḥ, tathāpi parito viniṣpatadativiśadamayukhajālamadhyavartino helimaṇḍalasya ta eva mayukhabhāgabhedāḥ pratyakṣadeśā iti teṣāṃ pratyakṣāṇāṃ pratyakṣeṇa savitṛmaṇḍalena saṃyogavibhāgāḥ pratyakṣā bhaviṣyantīti yuktam| idaṃ tvatisphuṭatayā nābhidhāya śiṣyavyutpādanāyākṣuṇṇaṃ mārgāntaraṃ darśitamiti mantavyam| tadevaṃ rūpeṇa sparśānumānam, śiṃśapātvena śrutena vṛkṣatvānu mānamityādi sāmānyatodṛṣṭena saṃgṛhītaṃ veditavyam||

21.4.p66

svamatena vyākhyāntaramāha--athavā trividhamiti| taddhibhajate--prasiddhamiti| pakṣaikadeśe sadapi siddham, pakṣavyāpakaṃ tu prakarṣeṇa siddhamityarthaḥ| yadyapi avinābhāvaḥ pa*casu caturṣu vā rūpeṣu liṅgasya samāpyate ityavinābhāvenaiva sarvāṇiliṅgarūpāṇi saṃgṛhyante, tathāpīha prasiddhasacchabdābhyāṃ dvayoḥ saṃgrahe gobalīvardanyāyena tat parityajya vipakṣavyatirekāsatpratipakṣatvābādhitaviṣayatvāni saṃgṛhṇāti| atrāpi yathāsaṃbhavaṃ caturṇāṃ pa*cānāṃ vā rūpāṇāṃ liḍgeṣu saṃbandhaḥ| tadanena prabandhenānumānavādināṃ svarūpasaṃkhyāphalavipratipattayo nirākṛtāḥ| tatra tatpūrvakamiti svarūpavipratipattiḥ|

21.4.p67

anumānamiti samākhyānirvacanasāmarthyāt phalavipratipattiḥ| trividhamiti nyūnādhikasaṃkhyāvyavacchedena saṃkhyāvipratipattirnirākṛtā||

21.4.p68

saṃpratyāntargaṇikabhedānantyenānantyād anumānasyāśakyalakṣaṇamiti yadi kaścidanumanyeta, tannirākaraṇāya traividhyamanumānasya ucyate iti trividhapadasyatātparyāntaramāha--atha veti| trividhatvena yato niyatamataḥ śakyalakṣaṇamityarthaḥ| anityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvāditi sapakṣe sadeva| anitya śabdo'smadādipratnanāntarīyakatvāditi sapakṣe sadasat| tadetadanvayavyatireki dvividham| evamanvayyapi dvedhā| tatra sapakṣe sadeva, yathā paramāṇvādayaḥ kasyacit pratyakṣāḥ prameyatvād ghaṭādivaditi| tathā sapakṣe sadasad yathā tatraiva sādhye sattvād ghaṭādivaditi| kālabhedaḥ traikālyam| pratipanno'pratipannaḥ sandigdho viparyastaśceti puruṣabhedaḥ| pūrvaṃ siddhavat pūrvavadityanūdya tasyodāharaṇamuktam| saṃprati praśnapūrvakaṃ tadarthābhāsanirākaraṇena tāttvikamasyārthamāha---pūrvavadityuktamiti| bhāṣyavyāghāta ityarthaḥ| pūrvavadityasya vyākhyānaṃ śeṣavadityatrāpi yojayati| sāmānyatodṛṣṭaṃ ca

21.4.p69

jñānamatidiśati---evaṃ śeṣavadādiṣviti| athavā pūrvavaditi bhāṣyam| tasyārthaḥ, pūrveṇa tulyaṃ vartate iti pūrvavat| kriyātulyatāyāṃ ca vatiriti kriyātulyatā darśitā| yatreti| pūrvamanyataradarśanena sahānyataradarśanaṃ dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇi, yathāpūrvaṃ pratyakṣabhūtayoriti pramāṇamātropalakṣaṇam| evaṃ sādhyadharmiṇi anyataradharmadarśanena sādhanadharmadarśanenānyatarasya sādhyadharmasyānumānamanumiti darśanamiti bhavati kriyātulyatā| tadetat bhāṣyamanubhāṣya vyācaṣṭe---atha veti||

21.4.p70

atra dignāgena dhūmādagnirūpadharmāntarānumānam agnideśayoḥ saṃbandhānumānaṃ ca dūṣayitvā agniviśiṣṭadeśānumānaṃ samarthitam| tathā cāha---

21.4.p71

kecid dharmāntaraṃ meyaṃ liṅgasyāvyabhicārataḥ|

21.4.p72

saṃbandhaṃ kecidicchanti siddhatvād dharmadharmiṇoḥ||

21.4.p73

liṅga dharme prasiddhaṃ cet kimanyat tena mīyate|

21.4.p74

atha dharmiṇi tasyaiva kimarthaṃ nānumeyatā||

21.4.p75

saṃbandhe'pi dvayaṃ nāsti ṣaṣṭhī śrūyeta tadvati|

21.4.p76

avācyo'nugṛhītatvānna cāsau liṅgasaṃgataḥ||

21.4.p77

na hi saṃbandhadharmatayā liḍgaṃ pratīyate, api tu deśasaṃgatamityarthaḥ, iti| tatra liṅgasyāvyabhicārastu dharmeṇānyatra dṛśyate|

21.4.p78

tatra prasiddhaṃ tadyuktaṃ dharmiṇaṃ gamayiṣyati ||iti|

21.4.p79

tatra dignāgadūṣitān kalpān anyāṃśca vikalpān dignāgasamarthitaṃ ca kalpamupanyasya dūṣayati---anye punariti dharmadharmibhāvānupapatteriti| dharmeṇa hi dharmipratipattavyaḥ, anyathā atiprasakteriti bhāvaḥ| deśasya ca svarūpeṇetyarthaḥ| śaṅkate---athāpīdamiti| nirākaroti---tacca naivamiti| yaḥ kaścid vā deśo'gnimān sādhyo, dhūmavān vā deśabhedaḥ? tatra pūrvasvin kalpe nirākaraṇamāha---ataddharmāditi| yaḥ kaścidagnimattayā deśaḥ sādhyate na tasyāvaśyaṃ dhūmo dharma ityarthaḥ| na caitat sādhyaṃ siddhatvādityāha---na cāgneriti| dvitīyaṃ kalpamāśaḍte---ayamiti| nirākaroti---na, tasyeti, śaḍkāṃ vibhajate---deśeti| nirākaraṇaṃ vibhajate---na hyayamiti| na hyayamevaṃvādī dignāgo dhūmādhāraṃ deśaviśeṣaṃ paśyati| na hyasya mate parvato nāma kaścidavayavī yadādhāro dhūma upalabhyeta, kiṃ tu paramāṇavaḥ paramasūkṣmā atīndriyāḥ parvataḥ| evaṃ dhūmo'pi tādṛśa eva| yathā vakṣyati---sarvāgahaṇam mavayavyasiddheḥ [2|1|34]iti| yeṣāmapi deśabhedo'vayavī darśanārhaḥ, teṣāmapi viyadvartinīṃ dhūmalekhāmabhraṃlihāmupalabhyānupalabdhadeśānāṃ nānumānasaṃbhava iti bhāvaḥ| śaṅkate---avinābhāveneti| tadeva vibhajate---athāpīti| nirākaroti---tanneti| vikalpayati---agnidhūmayoriti| kāryakāraṇabhāvamālambate---astviti| dūṣayati---tanneti| dhūmena hi vahniranumīyate, na ca kāryasattā nimittakāraṇasattāyā vyāptā| na hi yadā yatra vā paṭaḥ, tadā tatra vā kuvindaḥ| nāpyasamavāyikāraṇasattayā, na hi yadā yadā saṃyogastadā karma| tasmāt samavāyikāraṇāvinābhāvaḥ kāryasya vaktavyaḥ| tatredaṃ dūṣaṇam--atadvṛttitvāditi| ekārthasamavāyamavinābhāvaṃ dūṣayati--naiketi| ekārthasamavāya iti hi dvedhā, ekasyārthasya samavāyaḥ, ekasmin vārthe samavāya iti| tatra prathamaṃ kalpaṃ dūṣayati---tābhyāmiti| yadi hi vahnimābhyāmeko'rthaḥ kaścit ārabhyeta tato'sau tayoḥ samaveyāt, na tvetadastītyarthaḥ| dvitīyaṃ kalpaṃ dūṣayati---na ca tāviti| tat kimasaṃbaddhāveva vahnidhūmau, tathā ca pratītivirodha ityata āha---saṃbandhamātramiti| saṃyoga ityarthaḥ| tadeva tahryavadhāryatāmityata āha---tadapīti| pṛcchati--kathamiti| uttaram--yadi tāvaditi| kurute prayogam| asti saṃbandho'gnidhūmayordhūmāditi| dūṣayati--tannāpratītatvāt| tadanenānaikāntikatvaṃ darśayati| saṃbandhāntaram āśaṅkate--rūpasparśavaditi| na hi bauddharāddhānte dravyaṃ nāma kii*cadasti yatra rūpasparśai samavetau, kiṃ tvekasāmagryadhīnatayā niyatasāhacaryau, tathā vahnidhūmāvapi ityarthaḥ| dūṣayati--nobhayoriti| ubhayasahācaryanirākaraṇena yatra dhūmastatrāgnirityapi parākṛtam, tasyāpi sāhacaryaviśeṣatvādityāha--yatra dhūma iti| gatyantarābhāvādupasaṃharati--na ceti| śaṅkate--loka iti| nirākaroti-- nāstīti| yatra tāvat parvatanitambavartinī dhūmalekhā santatamudgacchantī dṛśyate, tatrāsau deśa eva tadviśiṣṭo'numīyate iti lokaprasiddhameveti kimatra vaktavyam| yatra tu bhūyiṣṭhatāyā tasya dhūmasya dūratvena deśo na

21.4.p80

dṛśyate, dhūma eva tvamraṃliho limpanniva abhramaṇḍalamavalokyate, tatra deśānumānaprayāsālasatayā dṛśyamāno dhūmaviśeṣa evāgnimattayā sādhyate dhūmatvaikārthasamavāyibhiḥ tadgataiḥ saṃtatyerdhvagamanādibhirityāha--dhūmaviśeṣeṇa iti| viśiṣyate teneti viśeṣaḥ saṃtatyūrdhvagamanādiḥ| tena dhūmamātrād vahnivyabhicāriṇo vahnyavinābhāvī dhūmo viśeṣyata ityarthaḥ| śeṣamatirohitārtham||

21.4.p81

21.4.p82

tāvat śabdaḥ samavāyikāraṇavān| tatra ca pṛthivyādiniṣedhāt nabho'sya samavāyikāraṇam| na caiṣa nabhovyāpakaḥ sarvatra upalambhaprasaḍgāt| tasmādavyāpakaḥ| karṇaśaṣkulyupasannihitaṃ ca nabhaḥ śrotram| tālvādisaṃyogopadhānena ca nabhaḥpradeśe śabdaḥ samavetaḥ| prāpyakāri ca śrotram| na ca vaktṛvaktrāvaruddhaṃ nabhaḥpradeśaṃ tat prāpnoti| na cādravyaṃ śabdo gatvā śrotreṇa saṃbadhyate| tasmād vīcītaraṅgarītyā svadeśānantaradeśe śabdāntarārambhaṇaparamparayā śrotradeśotpannaṃ śabdaṃ gṛhṇātīti siddhaṃ sajātīyārambhakatvāditi| idaṃ tu pariśeṣasya udāharaṇaṃ nādaraṇīyam| vyatirekiṇo hi nāmāntaramidaṃ pariśeṣa iti| eṣa punaranvayavyatirekī dravyakarmānyatve sati sadādyabhedasya sapakṣe rūpādau sattvād, vipakṣe sāmānyādāvabhāvāt| tasmād ātmatantratāsādhanamicchādīnāṃ pariśeṣodāharaṇaṃ draṣṭavayam| taccānantarameva vakṣyatīti||

21.4.p83

sāmānyatodṛṣṭaṃ nāmetyādi bhāṣyam anubhāṣyākṣipati--sāmānyata iti| kathaṃ tarhi anumānamatra pravartate iti| nityaparokṣeṇa saha kasyacit liṅgasaya saṃbandhādarśanādityarthaḥ| vyāhataṃ ceti| sa khalvatyantāparidṛṣṭaḥ svarūpato vā sādhyeta, dṛṣṭadharmiviśeṣaṇatayā vā? tatra pūrvasmin kalpe nānupalabdha iti vyāghātaḥ| uttarasmin sandigdha iti, viśeṣasmṛtyapekṣo hi saṃśayo nātyantānupalabdhapūrvadharmavattayā kvacid bhavitum arhati| na khalu saptamarasavattayā kecid dravye saṃśerata iti bhāvaḥ| samādhatte--na viśeṣaṇabhūtasyeti| na tāvat svarūpeṇānumīyate yena nānupalabdha iti vyāhanyeta, kiṃ tu dṛṣṭasya dharmiṇo viśeṣaṇatayā| na caivaṃ sarvānumānāviśeṣaḥ| sādhyadharmiṇyasyāsmadādibhiḥ kadācidapi pratyakṣeṇānupalambhāt| tajjātīyena tu dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇordṛṣṭena pratyakṣato vā mānāntarād vā sādhanadharmasya svābhāvikapratibandhagrahasaṃbhādityarthaḥ| udāharaṇamāha--yathecchādibhirātmā| tadevaṃ vibhajate--icchādayaḥ khalu dharmiṇo bhavanti mānasapratyakṣadṛṣṭāḥ, teṣām ātmā viśeṣaṇam| kutaḥ? guṇabhūto'vacchedakatayā yataḥ, tasmādātmaviśiṣṭā icchādayaḥ sādhyā ityuktaṃ bhavati| sādhanadharmaṃ tadvartinaṃ darśayati--icchādīnāṃ guṇatvamiti| nanūktamanupalabdhacareṇa sādhyadharmeṇa na saṃdehaviṣayatvam, anupalabdhacaraścātmeti kathaṃ tadviśiṣṭā icchādayo nyāyaviṣayā iti śaḍkāmurīkṛtyata prayogaṃ sūcayati--paratantrā iti| mā tatra saitsīdātmapāratantryam, pāratantryamātraṃ tu siddham ityarthaḥ| tena sāmānyatodṛṣṭasya pāratantryamātraviṣayatā, na pāratantryamicchādīnām anumeyātmavādīnāṃ kadācidapyasmadādipratyakṣagocaraḥ| parasya tadāśrayasya nityaparokṣatvāditi||

21.4.p84

tadevaṃ sāmānyatodṛṣṭamudāhṛtya pariśepodāharaṇaṃ pāramārthikaṃ praśnapūrvakamādarśayati--pāratantryeti| icchādīno hi bādhakairapanīte dravyāṣṭakaguṇatve guṇatvameva vyatirekī hetuḥ ātmapāratantrye pramāṇam| yadyapi cāyaṃ svarūpeṇātmā na

21.4.p85

prasiddhaḥ, tathāpi dravyāṣṭakavyatirekādiśabdairadūraviprakarṣeṇa parāmṛṣṭaḥ śaknoti viśeṣṭuṃ dharmiṇi ca nyāyapravṛttyaṅgaḥ saṃśayam āpādayitumiti niravadyam||

21.4.p86

atra bhāṣyaṃ vibhāgavacanādeva trividhamiti saddhi iti, tasyārthaḥ, trividham iti vibhāgavacanādeva trividhe pūrvavadādau siddhe kimarthaṃ pūrvavadādyupādānaṃ sūtreṇeti| tatra samādhānaṃ trividhavacanaṃ trividhasya pūrvavadādervacanamuktiḥ| mahataḥ trividhasya mahāviṣayasya atītānāgatavartamānaviṣayasya laghīyasā sūtreṇa tatpūrvakamityetāvataivopadeśe paraṃ vākyalāghavaṃ manyamānasyānyasmin vākyalāghave'nādaraḥ sūtrakārasyeti śiṣyān vyutpipādayiṣoḥ atraiva nidarśanam--tathā cāyam| asya samācāraḥ---itthaṃbhūtena vakyavikalpena vaicitryeṇa pravṛtta iti yojanā||

21.4.p87

evaṃ tāvat lakṣaṇabhedānumānaṃ bhinnaṃ pratyakṣād darśitam| bhāṣyakārastu viṣayabhedādapi bhedamāha---sadviṣayaṃ ca pratyakṣaṃ sadasadviṣayaṃ cānumānam| co viṣayabhedaṃ samuccinoti| saditi vartamānam| asadityatītānāgate| pratyakṣaṃ hi laukikaṃ vartamānaviṣayameva| anumānaṃ tu traikālyaviṣayam| yadyapi pratyakṣamapyatītānāgatayoḥ saṃprati niṣedhyaniṣedhayorniṣedhe pravartamānamasadviṣayaṃ tathāpi na pratiṣedhyayoḥ pravartate ityetāvatā sadviṣayamuktam| anumānaṃ tu tayorapi pravartate ityetāvatā asadviṣayamuktam| tadetadākṣipati---sadviṣayaṃ ceti| na hyanupalabdhasāmānye iti sāmānyata upalabdho viśeṣataścānirṇīto dharmo nyāyapravṛttāvadhikriyate| na tvanupalabdhasāmānya ityarthaḥ| na cāsataḥ svatantrasya sāmānyena darśanamastīti| dvitīyaṃ kalpamāśaṅkate---atheti| etaddūṣayituṃ dharmatraividhyamāha---dharmā iti| tadvibhajate---tatreti| pṛcchati---kathaṃ punariti| yadi hi svatantraḥ samavāyaḥ, na tarhi kasyacid viśeṣaṇam, tathā ca na viśeṣaṇatayā gṛhyeteti bhāvaḥ| uttaram---samavāyāntarābhāvāt| na viśeṣaṇatvaṃ svātantryeṇa nirākurmaḥ, kiṃ tu

21.4.p88

vṛttimasyetyarthaḥ| kasmāt punarasya na samavāyāntaramabhyupeyata ityata āha---atheti| pṛcchati--kimidamiti| anavasthāprasaḍgo hi nāma tarkaḥ| naiṣa pramāṇamantareṇa nirṇayāya paryāpta ityarthaḥ| uttaram--na saṃdehaḥ, kiṃ tvastyeva nyāyaḥ| tamāha--pa*ceti| ayaṃ pa*capadārthavṛttiśabdo bahuvrīhiṇā paramāṇau vartate, ṣaṣṭhīsamāsena tu samavāye| na ca kathi*cat śabdābhedamātramanumānāṅgam, mā bhūd gośabdasāmyena vāgādīnām api viṣāṇitvamityaparitoṣāt nyāyāntaramāha--anāśritaḥ samavāya iti| iha buddhinimittatvaṃ kāraṇatvam| saṃyogenānaikānto mā bhūdityata uktam---vyāpakatve satīti| satyupalabdhikāraṇāntarasamavadhāne sarvatropalabhyatā vyāpakatvam| tacceha pratyayakāraṇe ātmāni ca samavāye cāvilakṣaṇamiti| nyāyetikartavyatābhūtaṃ tarkaṃ pṛcchati---yadi punariti uttaram---kāryamiti| uktamanavasthāprasaṅgamavatārayitumanādhāratvaprasaṅga uktaḥ||

21.4.p89

syādetat| bhavatu vṛtteḥ prāganāśritaṃ kāryaṃ paścāt samavaiṣyati, turīsaṃyuktebhya iva tantubhya utpadya paṭaḥ paścāt turyā ityata āha--samavāyaśceti| anavasthāprasaṅgaḥ pūrvokta ityarthaḥ| śaṅkate--prāptitvāditi| pramāṇavattvāt prāptā samavāyasya vṛttirna śakyā anavasthābhiyā parityaktumityarthaḥ| vimarśapūrvakaṃ śaḍkāṃ nirākaroti--kimiyamiti| saṃyoge prāptitvasya nivṛttyā svābhāvikaḥ saṃbandhaḥ kāryatvasyopādheḥ tatprayojakasya vidyamānatvādityarthaḥ| atha prāptidharmo'pi kasmāt na bhavatītyata āha---yadi punariyamiti| nanviyamanavasthā kasmād bījāḍgurādiṣvivehāpi nābhyupeyate ityata āha---na caināmanavasthāmiti| anidaṃprathameṣvanāditvāt śakyā pratipādayitumanavasthā pramāṇena, na tvidaṃprathameṣvādimattvena tasyāśakyaniścayatvāt| tadidam uktam---pramāṇābhāvāditi| śāstravirodhaśca samavāyāntarābhyupagama ityāha---samavāyaśceti| tattvamekatvaṃ samavāyasya bhāvena sattvayā vyākhyātamiti śāstramāha, tadanekatvamupapādayatā bādhyetetyarthaḥ| codayati---saṃbandhinivṛttāviti| tathā ca vinaśyati, vinaṣṭe ca tasmin yo dṛśyate sa tato'nya utpanna iti siddhaṃ samavāyasya nānātvamityarthaḥ| pariharati---na nāstīti| khyātirūpalabdhiḥ| kasmāt? akṛtakatvāt| akṛtakatvameva kuta ityata āha---akṛtaka iti| kārya svāpādānena akṛtakasaṃbandhavad ādhāravattvāditi vyatirekī hetuḥ| vyatirekāvyabhicāramāha---yadyayamiti| utpadyamānaḥ khalvayaṃ samavāyaḥ sahakāryeṇa, na kāryasya| na hi sahotpannau rūpasparśau mithaḥ saṃbadhyete| ekārthasamavāyastu tayoḥ| so'pi samavāye nāsti| sannapyasau na kāryamādhāravat karoti| tasmāt sahotpāde kāryamanādhāraṃ syāditi| śaṅkate---atheti| kāryāt pūrvamutpannaḥ samavāyaḥ paścādutpadyamānaṃ kāryamupādānādhārakaṃ kariṣyati kāryahetubalādityarthaḥ| nirākaroti--tathāpīti| tribhyo hi kāraṇebhyaḥ kāryaṃ bhāvarūpaṃ jāyate| kāryakāraṇasamavāyasya ca kāryakāraṇe samavāyikāraṇe vaktavye, kāryāt prāg jātasya ca samavāyasya na kāryaṃ kāraṇam| na ca nimittakāraṇamātrādasya janmeti sāṃpratam, bhāvotpādasya sarvatra kāraṇatrayapūrvakatvaniyamāt| tasmāt samavāyasya samavāyyasamavāyikāraṇābhāvat na kāryāt prāg utpāda iti suṣṭhūktam--tathāpi kasyeti vācyamiti| śaṅkate--atheti| dūṣayati--kāryeti| na ca paṭaturīsaṃyogavat samavāyasya paścāt kāryakāraṇasamavāya iti yuktam| saṃyogajasya saṃyogasya kāraṇatrayasaṃbhavād asya tu samavāyāntaramantareṇa kāraṇatrayāyogāt| anyathānavasthāprasaḍgāditi bhāvaḥ| upasaṃharati--tasmāditi| tataśca na jñāyate kimabhipretyata asadviṣayamityuktamityākṣepa iti| samādhatte--tatra pratiṣidhyamāneti| atītānāgate saṃprati pratiṣidhyamāne

21.4.p90

tadviṣayamanumānam asadviṣayamuktam| tanniṣedhastu bhavatu pratyakṣagocaraḥ, tathāpi siddho viṣayabheda ityarthaḥ| atra caiṣa dharmatraividhyakramo dvedhā tāvat, vidhīyamānaḥ pratiṣiśyamānaśca| vidhīyamāno'pi dvedhā, paratantraḥ svatantraśceti| svatantrasya ca dharmatvaṃ viśeṣaṇatvamātravivakṣayā draṣṭavyam| nanu vidhīyamāno'pyasan pratyakṣaśca kvacit| yathā vyāpriyamāṇe kulāle jāyamāno ghaṭaḥ| visphāritākṣo hi tadā ghaṭo bhavatīti pratyeti| na cāsau tadā san, sato bhavanaṃ pratyakartṛkatvāt, gamanavaditi śaṅkate---bhavatīti| nirākaroti---na, jāyamāneti| jāyamānasyārthasya vidhiviṣayasya sattayāsattayā vānabhyupagamāt| niṣedhaviṣayatayā tu tasyāsattvamabhyupeyata eveti| kastarhi bhavatiśabdasyārtha ityata āha---bhavatīti| dhaṭo jāyata iti tu laukikaḥ prayogo ghaṭaśabdaṃ ghaṭārtheṣu tadavayaveṣūpacarya teṣāṃ ca siddhatayā kartṛtvādupapādanīya iti| upasaṃharati---evaṃ tāvaditi||

21.4.p91

svalakṣaṇaṃ samādhāya pareṣāmanumānalakṣaṇaṃ dūṣayitumupanyasyati---apare tviti| tasyārthamāha---asyārtha iti|

21.4.p92

dūṣayati---atreti| yathāsaṃbhavaṃ samāsaṃ vikalpya dūṣyati--nāntarīyakārtha iti ceti| sattvaṃ vidhiviṣayajñānagamyatvam, na tu sāmānyam| sattvādibhiranityatvānāntarīyakaiḥ tannāntarīyakakṛtakatvadharmairanityatvānumānaṃ syāt, na ca śakyam, teṣāmākāśādiṣu nityeṣu vyabhicārādityarthaḥ| tathāpyasamarthaḥ samāsa iti| pūrvamarthātirekamātraṃ dūṣaṇamuktam| saṃprati tvarthātirekeṇa hetunā viśeṣaṇasamāsānupapattirityapaunarūktyam|

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Linked texts (7)

Jñānaśrīmitranibandhāvalī — Jñānaśrīmitra, Sanskrit
Ratnakīrtinibandhāvalī — Ratnakīrti, Sanskrit
Kāśikā after the Trivandrum edition (provided by H. Krasser) — Sanskrit
Prakaraṇapañcikā (with the Nyāyasiddhi) — Sanskrit
Sarvadarśanasaṅgraha — Mādhava, Sanskrit
Vādanyāya (ed. P P Gokhale) — Sanskrit
Vidhirasāyana — Appayya Dīkṣita 1560, Sanskrit