Nyāya Sūtras 4.9

4.9

upamānaṃ --- sāmīpyajñānaṃ --- yathā gaur evaṃ gavaya iti/ sāmīpyaṃ tu sāmānyayogaḥ/ śabdaḥ --- śabdyate 'nenārtha ity abhidhīyate jñāpyate/

Comparison is knowledge of proximity, as [in the example]: 'as the cow, so the wild ox'. But proximity is the possession of commonality. Verbal testimony: by this an object is spoken [śabdyate]—that is to say, it is designated, made known.