The Bud of Nyāya 1.2

1.2

prayojakam | saṃśayajñānantu indriyārthasannikarṣotpannamapi na pramāṇam arthasyā'niścayāt | viparyaye tu atadrūpastadrūpatayā pratibhātīti kathantat pramāṇam | indriyaikakāraṇatvācca pratyakṣajñānasyāptopadeśendriyābhyāṃ sambhūya yadrūpañjanyate jñānaṃ-panasaśabdavācyo'yamiti-tadapratyakṣam | śābdaṃ hi tat | yattu smaraṇottarakālaṃ śabdayojanayā gaurityādikaṃ savikalpakaṃ jñānambhavati tannirvikalpakavadindriyānuvidhāyitvātpratyakṣam | cakṣurādivadantaḥkaraṇasyāpi manasa indriyatvāt sukhādiviṣayajñānamapi pratyakṣaviṣayam
pañcalakṣaṇakālliṅgālliṅgini jñānamupamānam | pakṣadharmatvaṃ
sapakṣe sattvaṃ vipakṣādvyāvṛttiḥ abādhitaviṣayatvam asatpratipakṣatvaṃ ceti | sisādhayiṣitadharmaviśiṣṭadharmī pakṣaḥ, taddharmatvampakṣadharmatvam | sādhyadharmayogena nirjñātaṃ dharmyantaraṃ sapakṣaḥ, tatrāstitvaṃ sapakṣe sattvam | sādhyadharmasaṃsparśaśūnyo dharmī vipakṣaḥ,
tato vyāvṛttirvipakṣādvyāvṛttiḥ | anumeyasyārthasya pratyakṣeṇa vā
''gamenānapaharaṇamabādhitaviṣayatvam | saṃśayabījabhūtenānumānena
rahitatvamasatpratipakṣatvam | etaiḥ pañcabhirlakṣaṇairupapannaṃ liṅgam | eteṣu pañcasu lakṣaṇeṣu vinābhāvaḥ samāpyate | avinābhāvo vyāptirniyamaḥ pratibandhaḥ sādhyāvinābhāvitvamityarthaḥ
sa ca pratibandhaḥ pūrvagṛhītaḥ san smaryamāṇo liṅgipratīteḥ kāraṇam | tasya grahaṇaṃ pratyakṣānupalambhasahāyānmānasātpratyakṣāt