Aphorisms on Brahman 13

Brahmasūtrabhāṣya of Bhāskara 13

Language: Sanskrit

13.1

puruṣasya prayojanaṃ brahmaprāptirato brahmajñānāt | kutaḥ | pramāṇāt | śabdāt | iti śabdo'vadhāraṇārthaḥ | samyagjñānaṃ puruṣārthameva na tat katvarthamiti bhagavān bādarāyaṇo manyate 'sma | kaḥ punaḥ śabdaḥ | tarati śokamātmavit sa yo ha vaitatparamaṃ brahma veda brahmavidāpnoti paraṃ sarvāṃśca lokānāpnotīti | apūrvaḥ pakṣaḥ prārabhyate | yadyevaṃ kimarthaḥ siddhāntopakramaḥ kiṃ vātra pratipādyamiti vaktavyam | ucyate | sarvatra siddhāntopakramasya dvayī gatiḥ pūrvapakṣaviṣayajñānārthaṃ tasya vā daurbalyaprakaṭanārthaṃ siddhāntahetuṃ jñātvā tannirāsena pratyavasthānāepapatteḥ | ātmajñānaṃ karmāṅgapratyayaśravaṇaṃ ca stutimātraikāśramyaṃ śrautamāśramāntaraṃ smārtaṃ vikalendriyādiviṣaye caritārthamiti mīmāṃsakamataṃ tadatra nirasyate | sthite 'sminpuruṣārthe jñāne karmasamuccitatā tataḥ siddhiriti yajñādiśruteraśvavadityatra vakṣyati | tadetadadhikaraṇatātparyam | anye kevalādeva jñānādatraiva puruṣārthasiddhiḥ pratipādyata iti manyante tātparyāparijñānāt |

13.2

karmaśeṣatvāt karturātmanaḥ tatsadbhāvanāvjñāpanenopaniṣadāṃ karmopayogitvam | laukike punarvyavahāro nāsti tatsadbhāvāyogaḥ sarvathopapatteḥ phalaśrutirarthavādaḥ | yathā yasya parṇamayī
juhūrbhavati na sa pāpaṃ ślokaṃ śṛṇoti yadaṅkte cakṣureva bhrātṛvyasya vṛṅkte yatprayājā ijyante varma yajamānasya bhrātṛvyasyābhibhūtyai iti jaiminirācāryo manyate sma |

13.3

brahmavidāmapyācāradarśanāt | janako ha vaideho bahudakṣiṇena yajate |

13.4

karmaśeṣatvaśravaṇāt | yadeva vidyayā karoti śraddhayopaniṣadā tadeva vīryavattaraṃ bhavatīti |

13.5

te vidyākarmaṇī samanvārabhete iti |

13.6

vidyāvataḥ karmavidhānāt | ācāryakulādvedamadhītya yathāvidhānaṃ guroḥ karmātiśeṣeṇābhisamāvṛtya sve kuṭumbe śucau deśe svādhyāyamadhīyāna iti | arthāvabodhaparyantaḥ svādhyāyavidhiriti sthāpitam |

13.7

itaśca kurvanneveha karmāṇi jijīviṣecchataṃ samāḥ yāvajjīvamagnihotraṃ juhuyāditi |
atha siddhāntaḥ|

13.8

tuśabdaḥ pakṣavyāvṛttyarthaḥ | kartṛbhoktṛtvarūpātsaṃsāriṇo jīvādadhiko 'saṃsārī īśvaraḥ samastaprapañcadharmarahito 'dvitīyaḥ satyajñānānantalakṣaṇastasya sarvavedānteṣūpadeśāt | tajjñānasya karmānupayogāt prakaraṇādyabhāvācca karmāṅgatvaṃ kalpayitumaśakyam prayājavat | ātmajñānaṃ tu svaprakaraṇagatenaiva nirākāṅkṣaṃ nānyaśeṣatvaṃ pratipadyate | sthitamevaṃ puruṣārtho 'ta iti bādarāyaṇasya mataṃ taddarśanāt | yaḥ sarvajñaḥ sarvaviditi |

13.9

akarmāṅgatve 'pyastītyarthaḥ | etaddha sma vai tadvidvāṃsa āhurṛṣayaḥ kāvaṣeyā kimarthā vayamadhyeṣyāmahe kimarthā vayaṃ yakṣyāmaha | evaṃ vai tamātmānaṃ viditvā brāhmaṇāḥ putraiṣaṇāyāśca vittaiṣaṇāyāśca vyutthāyātha bhikṣācāryaṃ carantīti | kimarthā vayamiti saṃhitā vijñānastutyarthaṃ nādhyayanādityāgavidhānam | sarvathā jñānasya prādhānyamabhipretam |

13.10

yadeva vidyayeti śrutiḥ sarvatra na bhavatyudgīthasambandhāt | udgīthopāsanāyāḥ karmāṅgatvamiṣṭameva |

13.11

vidyānyamārabhate karmmānyamiti vibhāgaḥ | tathāpyanaṅgatvamātravivakṣayonyastamidaṃ dṛṣṭavyam |

13.12

adhyayanatadākṣiptakarmajñānavato 'dhyayanasya jñānārthatvāt tena ca karmādhikāropapatteḥ karmāṅgaṃ nātmajñānamityabhiprāyaḥ |

13.13

viduṣo 'dhyayanasya jñānārthatvāt tena ca karmādhikāropapatteḥ viduṣo 'viduṣaścāviśeṣāt kurvanneveti |

13.14

pūrvatrāparitoṣāt parihārāntaraṃ prakaraṇāt | vidyāstutaye 'numatiḥ karmānujñā kriyate na karma lipyate nara ityanenābhisambandhāt | jñānasyaitatsāmarthyaṃ yat jīve karmakurvati viduṣi na lepo bhavatīti |

13.15

api caike śākhino viduṣāmicchānurodhena prajādiparityāgamāmananti kiṃ prajayā kariṣyāmo yeṣāṃ no 'yamātmāyaṃ loka iti vidyāprādhānyaṃ darśayati |

13.16

yatra tvasya sarvamātmaivābhūttat kena kaṃ paśyediti ātmasvarūpasthasya viṣayendriyajasamastasāṃsārikakleśopamarddamāmanantītyarthaḥ | ato na karmāṅkam |

13.17

itaśca vidyāyāḥ svātantryaṃ nāgnihotrāṅgatā | katham | ūrdhvaretassu nivṛttagrāmyadharmeṣvavāśrameṣu śrūyate yataste cāśramavādike śabde dṛśyante | trayo dharmaskandhā ye ceme 'raṇye śraddhā tapa ityupāsate etameva pravājino lokamicchantaḥ pravrajantīti |

13.18

trayo dharmaskandhā iti prasiddhānāmāthramāṇāṃ sāmopāsanavidhiprakaraṇe tāyamāne tato 'pakṛṣya svatantrasya praṇavopāsanasya stutyarthaṃ parāmarśamanuvādaṃ jaiminirācāryo mene na teṣāṃ vidhānam | kasmādcodanādvidhāyakaśabdābhāvāt | api cāpavadati vīrahā eṣa devānāṃ yo 'gnimudvāsayate ācāryāya priyaṃ dhanamāhṛtya prajātantuṃ mā vyavacchetsīriti |

13.19

anuṣṭheyamāśramāntaraṃ bādarāyaṇa ācāryo manyate sma | gārhapatyena tulyaśravaṇādāśramāntarasya | trayo dharmaskandhā ityanuvādācca smṛtīnāṃ śrutimūlatvaṃ siddham |

13.20

athavā na parāmarśamātramāśramāntarāṇāṃ kiṃ tarhi vidhiḥ | kasmāt | punaḥ śravaṇe caikavākyatāṃ bhittvā vidhirupagamyate anyataḥ prāptyasambhavāt dhāraṇavat | yathā diṣṭaṃ gatāgnihotre śrūyate | adhastātsamidhaṃ dhārayannanudravedupari hi devebhyo dhārayetīti bhittvā vākyamupari dhāraṇamapūrvatvādvidhīyate | taduktaṃ śeṣa lakṣaṇe vidhistu dhāraṇamapūrvatvāditi | nivītādhikaraṇapradeśe 'nuvādo vidhirvāstu sarvathā santyāśramāṇi śrutyanujñātāni naikāśramyatetyabhiprāyaḥ na punarvākyabheda evaikāntena vivakṣita iti kecit | atrāhūḥ | brahmasaṃstha iti parivrājako nirdiśyate pāriśeṣyāt | traya evetyatra vaikhānaso gṛhyate tasya tapaḥ prādhānyāt na bhikṣurataḥ pāriśeṣyopapattiḥ | sarva ete puṇyaloke bhavantīti ca virodhāt puṇyalokāścāmṛtabhājaśceti | na hi bhavati devadattayajñadattau mandaprajñau tayoranyataro mahāprājña iti | atrānye prati bruvate | nāyaṃ rūḍhaśabdo brahmasaṃstha iti yaugiko 'yaṃ brahmaṇi saṃsthā yasyeti | jātiśabdo guṇaśabdo yaugiko vā sannihitaṃ viśeṣaṃ nātivarttate | yathā gāmānaya pathikāya vetanaṃ dehīti | sthitañcāgneyādhikaraṇe ayaṃ nyāya āgneyyāgnīdhramupatiṣṭhata ityatra | yadi parivrājakaḥ tapaḥ śabdena sannidhāpitastatastasyeha grahaṇaṃ nārthena tasyāmṛtatvāśāsutarāṃ bhikṣuḥ tapaḥ pradhāno 'ṣṭagrāsaśaucātirekādiniyamāt | bhavati ca sāmānyenobhayavyapadeśo yathodbhijjamiti svedajasyāpi | brahmasaṃsthatā ca brahmaniṣṭhocyate sā ca sarvāśramāṇāmāviśiṣṭā | na coṅkārālambanaṃ brahmānucintanamitareṣāmaśakyamiti śakyaṃ kartum | nanu teṣāṃ karmapradhānatvādaśakyamihocyate | kimidaṃ prādhānyam | na tāvatkarmātmānaṃ labhatāmiti tadanuṣṭhīyate kintu puruṣārthatayā | tathoktaṃ karmāṇyapi jaiminiḥ phalārthatvāditi | puruṣasya cārthaḥ svargo 'pavargo vā | apavargārthī tadīyaṃ karma tadarthameva brahmārpaṇanyāyena kriyamāṇaṃ bhavati | ata eva jñānakarmaṇorekaprayojanatvādavirodhaḥ | tathā cāha sa ya ātmānameva lokamupāste na hāsya karma kṣīyata iti | svataḥ kṣaṇikamapi akṣayaphalatvādakṣayamucyate | yadi ca karmasambandhamātreṇāmṛtatvaṃ nāstītyucyate parivrājakasyāpi na syāt | tasyāpi śaucācamanasnānabhikṣāṭanādikarma kāyikaṃ vācikaṃ mānasaṃ taccāparihāryaṃ dhriyamāṇaśarīrasyeti na kasya cinmuktiḥ syāt | tasmātsarveṣāṃ yathāyogaṃ brahmaniṣṭhatātparyaṃ tanniṣṭhatocyate na vyāpārāntaroparamam | yathā svādhyāyaniṣṭhaḥ taponiṣṭha iti | yaduktaṃ virodhāditi | tadayuktam | avasthāntarāpekṣayā avirodhāt | kevalakarmiṇaḥ puṇyalokāsta eva brahmasaṃsthā amṛtatvabhāgina iti | dṛṣṭānte 'pyavirodha eva | katham | yadi tāvanmahāprajñatānyatarasya vidhīyate tatraiva vacanavyaktirmandaprajñau tāvubhau tayoranyataraḥ śāstrastho mahāprājñaḥ syāt | athavā'nuvādaḥ pūrvaṃ mandaprajñāvabhūtāmidānīmanyataro mahāprājño vaktā iti kālabhedādavirodhaḥ | avaśyaṃ cāśramakarma yatināpi karttavyamanyathā pratyavāyāt | sarvakarmatyāgasya ca mithyāsaṅkalpatvāt | yacca taittirīyake vacanaṃ nyāsamevāpare 'vakṣāditi | tatra nyāsa iti brahmeti nirvacanāt brahmābhidhīyate na karmatyāgaḥ | tasya brahmaṇaḥ sarvatapasāṃ paratvaṃ yujyate tatprāpyatvāt |

13.21

sa eṣa rasānāṃ rasatamaḥ parārdhyo 'ṣṭamo yadudgītha ityevamādi stutimātramudgīthādyupādānāt | karmāṅgabhūtānāmudgīthādīnāmupādānaṃ kṛtvā teṣāṃ stutimātraṃ kriyate nopāsanāśeṣatvamiti pūrvaḥ pakṣaḥ | siddhāntastu nāpūrvatvānneti pūrvapakṣanivṛttiḥ | aprāptatvādbhādhiraiva | na ca pradeśāntaravihitasyodgīthasya pradeśāntare stutirupayujyate | vidhāyakasya padasamūhasyānantaraṃ purastātparastādvā samāmnāto 'rthavādastenaikavākyatāmeti yathā vāyurvai kṣepiṣṭheti | taduktaṃ vidhinā tvekavākyatvātstutyarthena vidhīnāṃ syuriti |

13.24

yathā ca so 'rodīditi evamādīnāṃ vidhenaikavākyatvādarthavādaśca tathā draṣṭavya ityādividhyekavākyasambandhāttatpraśaṃsārthamākhyānam | evaṃ tatsannidhau tatra tatra samāmnātamrthavadbhavati |

13.25

vidhistutibicārādhikāravipramokṣāyānantaramadhikaraṇadvayaṃ cintitaṃ tadatītya vyavahitena sambandho yasmādūrdhvaretasa āśramāḥ śrutiparigṛhītāḥ santi ata evāgnīndhanādyanapekṣā vidyābhaviṣyati | anyathā aikāśramyapakṣe gṛhasthasyaiva tatkarmasāpekṣaiva syāt |
yadyevaṃ kevalā tarhi vidyā puruṣārthaṃ sādhayenna karmāta āha |

13.26

sarveṣvāśramavatsu apekṣā sā sarvāpekṣā | kutaḥ | tametaṃ vedānuvacanena brāhmaṇā vividiṣanti yajñena dānena tapasānāśakeneti śruterjñānaṃ pratyapavargasiddhau yajñādayastṛtīyā vibhaktyāṅgatvena prayājādivadvidhīyante | apūrvatvācca vidhirayaṃ dadhnā juhotīti | sanvācyāyāścecchāyāḥ prakṛtyarthaṃ pratyupasarjanatvādvedanaṃ pradhānamīpsitatamatvāt | iṣṭatamatvaṃ ca jñānasyāpavargakṣamatvādapavargakṣamaṃ ca pariparkānaraśeṣāvidyānivartakamuditadinakaravat | na ca jñānasvarūpotpattau karma vyāpriyate | śravaṇamananādi tadutpattikārakam | tasmādyathaiva śamādayo yāvajjīvamanuvartante viduṣāmapavargaprāptaye tathāśramakarmāṇīti nāntarāle parityāgaḥ | yatpunaḥ kaiściducyate putraiṣaṇāyāśca vittaiṣaṇāyāśca lokaiṣaṇāyāśca vyutthāyātha bhikṣācaryaṃ carantī-
rmāpavādena jñānādeva kevalādapavarga ityapasmṛtistāmanusaranto ye 'pi karmatyāgaṃ varṇayanti te 'pyapasiddhāntina eva | tathā cāpastambenopanyasya nirastaṃ tacchāstrairvipratiṣiddhaṃ buddhau ca kṣemaprāpaṇamihaiva na duḥkhamupalabheteti | na ca virodhātkarmatyāgaḥ | avirodhasya darśitatvāt | api ca bhedadarśanopagamāt karmatyāgācca muktimicchato muktireva na sidhyeta dhriyamāṇaśarīrasyobhayoravaśyambhāvitvāt | yadi ca sarvaṃ tyaktaṃ kathaṃ śaucācamanabhikṣāṭanādiṣu pravṛttiḥ svavacanaviruddhametat tyaktaṃ karma kriyate ceti | kasya vā hetoḥ śaucaṃ snānaṃ vā | śarīradhāraṇārthaṃ ca bhikṣāṭanamanarthakam | brahmībhūtaśceddvān varaṃ tasya tyāgaḥ svātantryāt | ko hi nāma svatantraḥ san kuṇapaṃ skandhe vahet | kṣutpipāsayośca nivṛttatvāt | anivṛttau brahmabhāvānupapatteḥ | na hi brahmaṇo 'śanāyādiyogo aśanāyāpipāse śokaṃ mohaṃ jarāṃ mṛtyumatyetīti śruteḥ | ata eva vākyādarthajñānamātrānna sāṃsārikasamastanivṛttibhāvo 'vagamyate yāvadupāsanā na kriyate kleśabījapradāho nopapadyate | tathā ca vyāsaḥ |
idaṃ cātra vaktavyaṃ kena prakāreṇa vidyāpavargopayoginī | syānmataṃ bhedajñānamavidyā tannivṛttyeti | tadasat | śabdavirodhāt(1) | na hi vākyārthajñānotpattau kasya citkṛtsnaṃ dvaitajñānaṃ nivarttate dhriyamāṇaśarīrasya śarīrendriyamanāṃsi rūpādijñānanimittāni na hi nimitte sati naimittikaṃ notpadyate yathāgnīndhanasaṃyoge dhūmaḥ | ārabdhaphalasāmarthyāccharīraṃ varttate bhogārthatvāt | yadi ca bhedapratibhāso nāsti pārameśvarāśca guṇāḥ sarvajñatvādayaḥ prādurbhūtā tato laukikaṃ vaidikaṃ vā karmayugapannivarttate | tatrārddhajaratīyaṃ na labhyate |
tasmādyāvadidaṃ me śarīramiti karmanibandhanāvṛttiranuvarttate tāvadāśramakarmānuvṛttiraśakyā nivārayituṃ śāstraśaraṇena tiṣṭhatā | kathaṃ punarātmanaḥ kartṛtvaṃ śuddhacaitanyasvabhāvatvāt | yathā tava laukike karmaṇi | kiñcaupādhikamidaṃ kartṛtvaṃ yāvadupādhyanuvartate | yathendhanasaṃyoge vahnerdhūmakartṛtvaṃ ārabdhakarmāvināśācca kartṛbhoktṛtve yāvaccharīrabhāvinī | viśeṣastvayaṃ vidvadaviduṣonaupādhikaṃ kartṛtvaṃ manyate vidvānitarastu svābhāvikamiti | yadi ca jīvanneva mukto bhavān | sarvajñatvātparācittavedanamapi prāpnoti | nanu sarvaśvāsau jñaśceti vigrahaḥ | maivam | tvatpakṣe sarvasya nivṛttatvāt caitanyamātramavaśiṣyate tatra niḥsambandho mokṣo 'bhyupeyaḥ śrutyanusāritvādvā sarvajñatvaṃ sarvaśaktitvaṃ ceti | ato jīvadavasthāyāṃ na mokṣo muktyupāyabhūtaṃ jñānaṃ karma cānuṣṭheyam | kathaṃ punaḥ karmaṇo muktyupāyatvam | yathaiva jñānasya tava | nanu jñānamavidyāṃ nivarttayati | satyam | na bhedajñānaṃ nivarttayatītyuktam | anātmanyātmajñānaṃ pratibandhakaṃ nivarttayatīti cettathā karmārtha jñānamittaṃ dharme dharmeṇa pāpamapanudatīti śruteḥ mahārajanādirūpāṇāṃ cātmānaṃ dhūpayitvā sthitānāmapakarṣaṇaṃ jñānakarmabhyāṃ śāstralabhyatvādapunarbhāvasya | kena dvāreṇopakarotīti cet ko jānīyāt mātṛttulyā śrutireva ceti | tathā hi kurvanneveha kriyāvāniti ca samuccayaṃ vidhatte | na cātmaratireva kriyate śakyate vaktuṃ kriyāntaropalabdheḥ | na ca bahuvrīhinirdeśa ātmaratiḥ kriyā yasya so'yamātmaratikriya iti | bahuvrīhiṇā matubarthasyoktatvāt kriyāvāniti matup‌sambandhānupapatteḥ | aśvavaditi yogyatānidarśanam | puruṣagrahaṇādau yogyo 'śvo na lāṅgalakarmaṇi evaṃ karmasahitā vidyā 'pavargaprāpaṇayogyeti |

13.27

yajñāṅgatve 'pi śamadamādyupetaḥ syāt | kasmāt | tadvidheḥ śānto dānta uparatastitikṣuḥ samāhito bhūtvātmanyevātmānaṃ paśyediti teṣāmavaśyānuṣṭheyatvāt idamantaraṅgasādhanaṃ karmavākyamiti vivekaḥ|

13.28

prāṇasaṃvāde śrūyate na ha vā evaṃvidi kiñcanānannaṃ bhavatīti | śamādivat prāṇādyaṅgatayā sarvvānnabhakṣaṇaṃ vidhīyate kiṃ vā stutyarthaṃ kīrtyata iti saṃśayaḥ | vidhisambhave stutimātramanarthamiti prāpta ucyate | stutiriyaṃ varttamānāpadeśāt | na sa pāpaṃ ślokaṃ śṛṇotīti vat | na cāśrutavidhikalpane nimittamasti | sarvaśarīravarttinaḥ prāṇasya sarvamannamiti dṛṣṭirvidhīyate | na cāśvādimaryādamannaṃ mānuṣyeṇa śarīreṇa upabhoktuṃ śakyam | ataḥ stutimātram | tadidamāha sarvvānnonumatiśca prāṇātyaye | anumatiranujñānaṃ kaṣṭāyāmāpadi darśanāt atyaye sati bhakṣaṇadarśanāccākrāyaṇaṛṣiribhyocchiṣṭabhakṣaṇaṃ kṛtavāniti |

13.29

itaścāhāraśuddhau sattvaśuddhirityabādhāt |

13.30

jīvitātyayamāpanno yo 'nnamatti yatastataḥ | lipyate na sa pāpena padmapatramivāmbhaseti |

13.31

akāmakāre yatheṣṭācaraṇanivṛttau kaṭhasaṃhitāyāṃ śabdo 'ta eva hetorupapadyate abādhāt | tasmādbrāhmaṇaḥ surāṃ na pibediti |

13.32

yajñādiśruteriti vidyāṅgaṃ karmetyuktam | ye punarapavargārthino na bhavantyāśramāsteṣāṃ tarhi tvāśramakarma na prāpnotītyāśaṅkāyāmāha teṣāmapyāśramakarma syāt | vihitatvāt | abhyudārthaṃ te 'pi kuryuḥ pratyavāyaparihārāya sarva ete puṇyaślokā bhavantīti | kecit tasmin sūtre gṛhasthasya brahmārpaṇanyāyena kāmyāni karmāṇi karttavyānīti pratipādyata iti vadanti | tadyuktamayuktamiti cintyam |

13.33

yadyevamāśramadharmatayā karttavyāni puruṣārthāya na tarhi vidyopayogitvaṃ netyucyate | vidyāsahakāritvena ca tadadhikṛtena karttavyāni | sahakāritvaṃ ca vividiṣantītyatra vyākhyātaṃ puruṣārthāni ca vidyārthāni ca karmāṇi | katham | viniyogabhedādekasya tūbhayatve saṃyogapṛthaktvamiti nyāyāt | yathā dadhnā juhoti kratvartho viniyogo dadhrendriyakāmasya juhuyāditi puruṣārthastadvat |

13.34

sarvathā puruṣārthatayā vidyārthatayā vā kriyamāṇā yāgādayaḥ ta eva | kathamubhayaliṅgāt | yajñena dāneneti karmakāṇḍe vihitameva karmarūpamupādāya jñānasahakāritvenopādīyamānatvāt tadeva karma pratyabhijñāyate | smṛtikāraiśca siddhavadupādāyāgnihotradarśapūrṇamāsādīnāṃ puruṣadharmatayā viniyogāt | ta evetyavadhārayannācāryaḥ karmāntarabuddhiṃ nivarttayati | yathā kuṇḍapāyināmayane māsamāgnihotraṃ juhotīti homāntaraṃ tadvadiha na bhavati | tataśca tantrasiddhiḥ vidyārthamapi kriyamāṇaṃ karma nityārthamapi bhavati | karmāntaratve tvāvṛttiḥ syāditi karttavyatā vā 'nyā 'nveṣṭavyeti |

13.35

rāgādibhirabādhyatvameṣa hyātmā na naśyati yaṃ brahmacaryeṇānuvidantīti brahmacaryayajñādisahitamātmajñānaṃ naśyatītyarthaḥ |

13.36

vinaṣṭadārā akṛtadārāśca karmāntarāle vartante teṣāṃ vidyādhikāro'sti neti vicāryate | prāptaṃ tāvadāśramiṇāmadhikāra iti | tathā prāpte vidhīyate | tuśabdo'vadhāraṇanivṛttyarthaḥ | antarālavarttināmapi bhavatyadhikāraḥ teṣāṃ darśanāt bhīṣmaraikyaprabhṛtīnām |

13.37

saṃvarttaprabhṛtīnāmunmattacaryā |

13.38

anāśramiṇāmapi dharmaviśeṣairahiṃsāsatyavacanajapopavāsadevatārādhanādibhiranugraho vidyāyāḥ sambhavati | smṛtiśca | ane kajanmaṃsaṃsiddha iti cātraiva janmani kṛtaṃ karmopakarotītyabhiprāyaḥ |

13.39

atrāntarālavartitvāditaradāśramavartitvaṃ jyāyo variṣṭham | tu śabdo viśeṣārthaḥ | svāśramakarmopayogādvidyāyāḥ sākalyamupapadyate | liṅgācca | tenaiti brahmavitpuṇyakṛttaijasaśceti devayānena pathā gamanamāśramiṇāṃ darśayati | kathaṃ gamyate | ye ceme 'raṇya iti pañcāgnividyāyā maraṇyavāsināṃ parivrājakādīnāṃ nirdeśācca tvāra āśramā iti niyamādanāśramī na tiṣṭheta iti nindāvacanādāśramāntarapratipattyasambhave kena cinimittenāpavargo'yamabhyupagamyate | tathā cāha yājñavalkyaḥ | nāśramaḥ kāraṇaṃ dharme kriyamāṇo bhaveddhi saḥ | ato yadātmano 'pathyaṃ parasya na tadācaret || itihāse ca | vidyāvṛttavinītasya nigṛhītendriyasya ca | ārjave varttamānasya āśramaiḥ kiṃ prayojanam |

13.40

santyūrdhvaretasa āśramā ityuktaṃ tataḥ pracyutirasti neti vicāryyate | tataḥ pracyuto nāśramavidhurādivadavatiṣṭhamāno'pi duṣyati niyamahetvabhāvāditi prāpta ucyate | tadbhūtasya pratipannordhvaretobhāvasya na kathaṃ cidapyatadbhāvaḥ tataḥ pracyutiḥ syāt | kuto niyamāt | atyantamātmānamācāryakule 'vasādayanniti | tathā cāraṇyamiyāttato na punareyādācāryeṇābhyanujñātaścaturṇāmekamāśramamāvimokṣāt śarīrasya so 'nutiṣṭheta yathā vidhīti | yathā ca brahmacaryaṃ samāpya gṛhī bhavedityārohasya vacanāni dṛśyante śiṣṭācārābhāvāt | jaiminirapītyapiśabdena jaiminivādarāyaṇayorapyatra sampratipattiriti darśayati |
brahmacārryavakīrṇī nairṛtaṃ gardabhamālabheteti yadādhikārikamadhikārilakṣaṇe ṣaṣṭhe 'dhyāye nirūpitaṃ prāyaścittamavakīrṇipaśuśca tadyadādhānasyāprāptakālatvāditi tadapi naiṣṭhikasya na bhavati | kutaḥ patanasmaraṇāt | anumīyamānaśrutimūlatvādannumānaṃ smṛtiḥ | ārūḍho naiṣṭhikaṃ dharmaṃ yastu pracyavate tataḥ | prāyaścittaṃ na paśyāmi ye na śudhyet sa ātmaheti || tadayogātpatanasmaraṇādyogāt upakurvāṇasya prāyaścittam | apiśabdaḥ sambhāvanāyām | brahmacāritvāviśeṣāt | taduktaṃ pramāṇalakṣaṇe śāstrasthā vā tannimittatvāt | smṛtirapi | saṃnyasya durmatiḥ kaścitpratyāpattiṃ vrajettu yaḥ | sa caretkṛcchramaśrāntaḥ ṣaṇmāsānpratyanantaramiti |

13.42

pracyavanaṃ mahāpātakaṃ upapātakaṃ vā ubhayathā vā bahiḥ kāryyo 'sau śiṣṭaiḥ smṛterārūḍho naiṣṭhikaṃ dharmamiti śiṣṭācārācca | na śiṣṭāstaiḥ saha bhojanādi samācaranti |

13.43

aṅgāśritānyupāsanāni svāmino yajamānasya karttavyāni kiṃ vā ṛtvija iti | kiṃ yuktam | svāminaḥ phalaśruteḥ | varṣati hāsmai varṣayati ca ya evaṃ vidvān vṛṣṭau pañcavidhaṃ sāmopāste ityātreya ācāryo manyate sma |

13.44

ārtvijyamṛtvijā karttavyamupāsanamityauḍulomirmanyate sma | yatastasmai sāṅgapradhānakarmaṇe karmakaraḥ parikrīyate | nanu dīkṣā somasya dakṣiṇā somasyeti pradhānamātrārthāḥ śrūyante | satyamaṅgairakriyamāṇairaṅgānuraktaṃ pradhānameva karttumaśakyamityarthādaṅgārthāpi seti prasaṅgalakṣaṇe sthāpitamaṅgapradhānayoreko hi prayogastatsiddhyarthaṃ ca ṛtvijo vriyante | tasmādaṅgakurvatāṃ tadāśritaṃ jñānaṃ karttavyamaṅganirvṛttyapekṣo 'yamupāsanāvidhiḥ tatpravṛttaṃ karttāramanāśrityātmānaṃ labhate svayamaprayojakatvāt | godohanādivat | udgātā ca pravṛtta iti sa eva karoti phalaṃ punaryajamānasyaiva tadarthatvāt | yāṃ vai kāñcanāśiṣamṛtvija āśāsate sā sarvā yajamānasyeti śruteḥ| prāpayitā ha vai kāmānāṃ kiṃ te kāmamāśānīti tasya ha naimiṣīyāṇāmudgātā babhūva sa hāsmai kāmānāśāsadityudgātṛkartṛtvaṃ śrutayo darśayanti |

13.45

tasmādbrāhmaṇaḥ pāṇḍityaṃ nirvidya bālyena tiṣṭhāsedvālyaṃ ca pāṇḍityaṃ ca nirvidyātha muniratha maunaṃ ca nirvidyātha brāhmaṇa iti bṛhadāraṇyake śrūyate | tatredaṃ cintyate | maunaṃ vidhīyate utānūdyata iti | kiṃ tāvatprāptamanūdyata iti | maunaṃ ca jñānaṃ tacca pāṇḍityena gatamityevaṃ prāpte brūmaḥ | sahakāryyantaraṃ vidhīyata iti vidhiḥ tṛtīyaṃ maunaṃ pāṇḍityabālyāpekṣayā tadvato vidyāvataḥ | nanu pāṇḍityagrahaṇādeva siddhaṃ maunam | netyucyate | jñānaprakarṣapakṣeṇa maunasyāpūrvatvāt vidhirupapadyate | jñānaprakarṣavācī muniśabdaḥ munīnāmapyahaṃ vyāsa iti darśanāt | ato 'yamartho jñānātiśayamādāya yogābhyāsaṃ kuryājjñānaparipā-
kāyetyarthaḥ | vidyādivadyathā 'gnihotrādi aviduṣo vidhīyate phalātiśayārthinaḥ tathā'yaṃ viduṣo vyutthāyino 'pavargārthinaḥ saṃnyāsino naiṣṭhikasya vidhīyate |

13.46

gārhasthyādvyutthānaṃ yadyasti kathaṃ chāndogye gṛhasthenopasaṃhāraḥ kuṭumbastho deśe svādhyāyamadhīyāno na punarāvarttata iti | tatrocyate | tuśabdo viśeṣārthaḥ | kṛtsnakarmajñānopasaṃhārāt gṛhiṇopasaṃharati | kṛtsnaṃ śrautaṃ smārttaṃ ca karma brahmacaryyamantakālaniyamāt jñānaṃ ca | kṛtsnasādhanavato hi sādhyaṃ hastagatamityabhiprāyaḥ |

13.47

vṛttibhedādbahuvacanaṃ tāvapi yathāyogaṃ pratipattavyāviti |

13.48

bālyena tiṣṭhāsedityatra cintyate kiṃ bālacaritaṃ bālyaṃ atha jitendriyatayā bhāvaśuddhirbālyamiti | tiṣṭhanmūtrādibālyaṃ prasiddhamiti pūrvaḥ pakṣaḥ | taducyate | anāviṣkurvannantargatāṃ cetovṛttiṃ lokasyāprakhyāpayan daṇḍadarpādirahito bhavet | kasmāt | anvayānmaunena śuddhabhāvo hi maunaṃ yogaṃ ca karttuṃ yogyo bhavatīti |

13.49

pāṇḍityaṃ ca bālyaṃ ca nirvidya niścayena labdhvā yogamabhyasyato vidyāphalaṃ kimaihikamāho svit āmuṣmikamiti saṃśaye syādaihikam | kasmāt | dṛṣṭārthatvādvidyāyāḥ | na hi kaścitparatra me vidyā jāyatāmiti kāmayamāno vidyāmabhyasyeta | ato yasmin janmani vidyāyāṃ yatate tatraiva tatphalena bhavitavyamiti prāpte brūmaḥ | syādaihikaṃ vidyāphalaṃ prastutapratibandhe sati prasūtaṃ pravṛttaṃ phalaṃ karmadeśakālanimittāpekṣayā tatkṛtapratibandhābhāve yadā pratibadhnanti svaphalaprasavāya labdhāvasarāṇi pravarttante tadā vidyā mandagatirvicchinnavegāt kuṇṭhī bhavati na svakārye kartuṃ prabhavati | ato janmāntare tatphalaṃ kutastaddarśanāt | śravaṇāyāpi bahubhiryo na labhyaḥ śṛṇvanto 'pi bahavo yaṃ na vidyuḥ kaściddhīraḥ pratyagātmānamaikṣaditi | smṛtirapi | aprāpya yogasiddhiṃ ca kāṃ gatiṃ kṛṣṇa gacchati | anekajanmasaṃsiddhastato yāti parāṃ gatimiti || ato 'nekajanmā'bhyastā kāpi anmanyapavargaṃ prāpayiṣyati guṇairhi sattvādibhiḥ karmānusāribhirutkarṣāpakarṣamupacīyamānā nauriva taraṅgādibhiḥ saṃsārasāgaraṃ vidyā kathaṃ cidatitārayatīti |

13.50

evamityuktatadavasthāvadhṛteḥ parāmarśaḥ | sādhanabhūtavidyākarmmotkarṣāpakarṣāpekṣayā muktireva phalaṃ tasyā 'niyamo 'mutreha ceti na svarūpataḥ | kasmāttadavasthāvadhṛteḥ | paramātbhāvasthā hi muktiravadhāritā | sā caikarūpā | brahmavidāpnoti paraṃ brahmāpyeti ānandaṃ brahmaṇo vidvān abhayaṃ vai janakaḥ prāptosīti | yadā hyanyopāsanājanitāvidyā ārabdhānārabdhaphalakarmā dāhādāhayoḥ kathaṃ varttata iti vakṣyāmaḥ | dvirabhyāso 'dhyāyasamāptidyotanārthaḥ |

Linked texts (1)

Brahmasūtra — Bādarāyaṇa, Sanskrit