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Viyahapannatti 30

English (machine translation) 30

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30.1.998

"How many doctrines, Venerable Sir, are taught?"
"Gautama! Four doctrines are taught, namely: the doctrine of action, the doctrine of non-action, the doctrine of agnosticism, [and] the doctrine of veneration."
"Venerable Sir, are jīvas adherents of the doctrine of action? Adherents of the doctrine of non-action? Adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism? Adherents of the doctrine of veneration?"
"Gautama! Jīvas are adherents of the doctrine of action too, adherents of the doctrine of non-action too, adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism too, [and] adherents of the doctrine of veneration too."
"Venerable Sir, are jīvas possessing lesyā adherents of the doctrine of action?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! Adherents of the doctrine of action too, adherents of the doctrine of non-action too, adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism too, [and] adherents of the doctrine of veneration too. In this way up to those possessing white lesyā."
"Venerable Sir, jīvas devoid of lesyā—[the same] question."
"Gautama! Adherents of the doctrine of action, not adherents of the doctrine of non-action, not adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism, not adherents of the doctrine of veneration."
"Venerable Sir, are jīvas belonging to the dark faction adherents of the doctrine of action?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! Not adherents of the doctrine of action; they are adherents of the doctrine of non-action, adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism too, [and] adherents of the doctrine of veneration too. Those belonging to the bright faction are like those possessing lesyā. Those with right view are like those devoid of lesyā. Those with wrong view are like those belonging to the dark faction."
"Those with mixed right-and-wrong view—[the same] question."
"Gautama! Not adherents of the doctrine of action, not adherents of the doctrine of non-action; they are adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism too, [and] adherents of the doctrine of veneration too. The possessors of knowledge up to those possessing kevala-knowledge are like those devoid of lesyā. The non-knowers up to those possessing vibhaṅga-knowledge are like those belonging to the dark faction. Those engaged with the notion of food up to those engaged with the notion of possessiveness are like those possessing lesyā. Those not engaged with [any such] notions are like those devoid of lesyā. Those possessing gender up to those possessing neuter gender are like those possessing lesyā. Those devoid of gender are like those devoid of lesyā. Those with passions up to those with the passion of greed are like those possessing lesyā. Those devoid of passions are like those devoid of lesyā. Those with activity up to those with body activity are like those possessing lesyā. Those devoid of activity are like those devoid of lesyā. Those engaged with determinate attention [and] those engaged with indeterminate attention are like those possessing lesyā."
"Venerable Sir, are inhabitants of hell adherents of the doctrine of action?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! Adherents of the doctrine of action too up to adherents of the doctrine of veneration too."
"Venerable Sir, are inhabitants of hell possessing lesyā adherents of the doctrine of action?" Exactly the same. In this way up to those possessing grey lesyā. Those belonging to the dark faction are excluded from [the doctrine of] action. In this way, by this order, whatever is the statement for jīvas, exactly that is the statement also for inhabitants of hell up to those engaged with indeterminate attention; with the difference that whatever exists, that should be stated, [and] the rest is not stated. As for inhabitants of hell, so up to the Stanitakumāras.
"Venerable Sir, are earth-bodied beings adherents of the doctrine of action?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! Not adherents of the doctrine of action; they are adherents of the doctrine of non-action too, adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism too, [and] not adherents of the doctrine of veneration. In this way, whatever exists among earth-bodied beings, there everywhere these two middle doctrines [apply] up to those engaged with indeterminate attention too. In this way up to four-sensed beings: in all states [for them] there are just these two middle doctrines. Even with regard to rightness and knowledge, there are just these two middle doctrines. Five-sensed animals are like jīvas, with the difference that whatever exists, that should be stated. Humans are like jīvas, precisely without exception. The Vāṇamantaras, Jyotiṣkas, and Vaimānikas are like the Asurakumāras."
"Venerable Sir, do jīvas who are adherents of the doctrine of action bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell? Bind lifespan duration of animals? Bind lifespan duration of humans? Bind lifespan duration of celestial beings?"
"Gautama! They do not bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell, they do not bind lifespan duration of animals; they bind lifespan duration of humans too, [and] they bind lifespan duration of celestial beings too."
"If they bind lifespan duration of celestial beings, do they bind lifespan duration of Bhavanavāsin celestial beings up to do they bind lifespan duration of Vaimānika celestial beings?"
"Gautama! They do not bind lifespan duration of Bhavanavāsin celestial beings, they do not bind lifespan duration of Vāṇamantara celestial beings, they do not bind lifespan duration of Jyotiṣka celestial beings; they bind lifespan duration of Vaimānika celestial beings."
"Venerable Sir, do jīvas who are adherents of the doctrine of non-action bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell, lifespan duration of animals?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! They bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell too up to lifespan duration of celestial beings too. So also adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism and adherents of the doctrine of veneration."
"Venerable Sir, do jīvas possessing lesyā who are adherents of the doctrine of action bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! Not lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell; in this way, just as for jīvas, exactly so also for those possessing lesyā it should be stated regarding all four doctrines."
"Venerable Sir, do jīvas possessing black lesyā who are adherents of the doctrine of action bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! They do not bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell, they do not bind lifespan duration of animals; they bind lifespan duration of humans, [and] they do not bind lifespan duration of celestial beings. Adherents of the doctrine of non-action, adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism, and adherents of the doctrine of veneration bind all four lifespans. In this way also those possessing dark-blue lesyā and those possessing grey lesyā."
"Venerable Sir, do jīvas possessing fiery lesyā who are adherents of the doctrine of action bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! They do not bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell, they do not bind lifespan duration of animals; they bind lifespan duration of humans too, [and] they bind lifespan duration of celestial beings too. If they bind lifespan duration of celestial beings, it is just as before."
"Venerable Sir, do jīvas possessing fiery lesyā who are adherents of the doctrine of non-action bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! They do not bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell; they bind lifespan duration of humans too, lifespan duration of animals too, [and] lifespan duration of celestial beings too. So also adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism and adherents of the doctrine of veneration. As for those possessing fiery lesyā, so also should be known for those possessing lotus-pink lesyā and those possessing white lesyā."
"Venerable Sir, do jīvas devoid of lesyā who are adherents of the doctrine of action bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! They do not bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell, they do not bind lifespan duration of animals, they do not bind lifespan duration of humans, [and] they do not bind lifespan duration of celestial beings."
"Venerable Sir, do jīvas belonging to the dark faction who are adherents of the doctrine of non-action bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! They bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell too; in this way all four kinds. So also adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism and adherents of the doctrine of veneration. Those belonging to the bright faction are like those possessing lesyā."
"Venerable Sir, do jīvas with right view who are adherents of the doctrine of action bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell?—[the same] question."
"Gautama! They do not bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell, they do not bind lifespan duration of animals; they bind lifespan duration of humans too, [and] they bind lifespan duration of celestial beings too. Those with wrong view are like those belonging to the dark faction."
"Venerable Sir, do jīvas with mixed right-and-wrong view who are adherents of the doctrine of agnosticism bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell? Like those devoid of lesyā. So also adherents of the doctrine of veneration. Knowers, both those possessing sensory knowledge, those possessing scriptural knowledge, and those possessing clairvoyant knowledge, are like those with right view."
"Venerable Sir, regarding those possessing telepathic knowledge—[the same] question."
"Gautama! They do not bind lifespan duration of inhabitants of hell, they do not bind lifespan duration of animals, they do not bind lifespan duration of humans; they bind lifespan duration of celestial beings."
"If they bind lifespan duration of celestial beings, do they bind Bhavanavāsin—[the same] question."
"Gautama! They do not bind lifespan duration of Bhavanavāsin celestial beings, they do not bind lifespan duration of Vāṇamantara celestial beings, they do not bind lifespan duration of Jyotiṣka celestial beings; they bind lifespan duration of Vaimānika celestial beings. Those possessing kevala-knowledge are like those devoid of lesyā. Non-knowers up to those possessing vibhaṅga-knowledge are like those belonging to the dark faction. In all four notions, they are like those possessing lesyā. Those not engaged with notions are like those possessing telepathic knowledge. Those possessing gender up to those possessing neuter gender are like those possessing lesyā. Those devoid of gender are like those devoid of lesyā. Those with passions up to those with the passion of greed are like those possessing lesyā. Those devoid of passions are like those devoid of lesyā. Those with activity up to those with body activity are like those possessing lesyā. Those devoid of activity are like those devoid of lesyā. Those engaged with determinate attention and those engaged with indeterminate attention are like those possessing lesyā."

30.1.999

"Venerable Sir! Do kriyāvādī inhabitants of hell [bind] hell lifespan?"—the question.
"Gautama! They do not bind hell lifespan, they do not bind animal lifespan; they bind human lifespan, they do not bind celestial lifespan."
"Venerable Sir! Regarding akriyāvādī inhabitants of hell"—the question.
"Gautama! They do not [bind] hell lifespan; they bind animal lifespan too, they bind human lifespan too; they do not bind celestial lifespan. Likewise also the ajñānavādī, and also the vainayikavādī.
"Venerable Sir! Do kriyāvādī inhabitants of hell with lesyā [bind] hell lifespan?" Likewise all inhabitants of hell who are kriyāvādī bind only human lifespan. Those who are akriyāvādī, ajñānavādī, and vainayikavādī, in all positions, do not bind hell lifespan; they bind animal lifespan too, they bind human lifespan too; they do not bind celestial lifespan. With the difference that: in right-and-wrong view, according to the upper two persuasions, they do not bind any [lifespan] at all, just as in the section on jīvas. Thus up to the stanitakumāras, just as inhabitants of hell.
"Venerable Sir! Regarding akriyāvādī earth-bodied souls"—the question.
"Gautama! They do not bind hell lifespan; they bind animal lifespan, they bind human lifespan; they do not bind celestial lifespan. Likewise also the ajñānavādī.
"Venerable Sir! Regarding those with lesyā..." Thus whatever position exists for earth-bodied souls, there, in the middle two persuasions, they bind two types of lifespan in this very manner; with the difference that: in te悍leśyā they do not bind any at all. Likewise also for water-bodied souls, and also for plant-bodied souls. Fire-bodied souls and air-bodied souls, in all positions, in the middle two persuasions, do not bind hell lifespan; they bind animal lifespan; they do not bind human lifespan, they do not bind celestial lifespan. For two-sensed, three-sensed, and four-sensed souls, just as for earth-bodied souls; with the difference that: in right view and knowledge they do not bind even a single lifespan.
"Venerable Sir! Do kriyāvādī five-sensed animals bind hell lifespan?"—the question.
"Gautama! Just as one with manaḥparyāyajñāna. Akriyāvādī, ajñānavādī, and vainayikavādī bind all four types. As in general, so also those with lesyā.
"Venerable Sir! Do black-lesyā kriyāvādī five-sensed animals [bind] hell [lifespan]?"—the question.
"Gautama! They do not bind hell lifespan, not animal lifespan, not human lifespan, they do not bind celestial lifespan. Akriyāvādī, ajñānavādī, and vainayikavādī bind all four types. As for black-lesyā, likewise also for blue-lesyā, and also for grey-lesyā. Te悍leśyā is just as those with lesyā, with the difference that: akriyāvādī, ajñānavādī, and vainayikavādī do not bind hell lifespan; they bind animal lifespan too, they bind human lifespan too, they bind celestial lifespan too. Likewise also lotus-lesyā. White-lesyā is also to be stated likewise. Dark-halved souls, by three persuasions, bind all four kinds of lifespan. Bright-halved souls are just as those with lesyā. Those with right view, just as one with manaḥparyāyajñāna, likewise bind vaimānika celestial lifespan. Those with wrong view are just as dark-halved souls. Those with right-and-wrong view do not bind even a single [lifespan], just as inhabitants of hell. Those with knowledge up to avadhijñāna are just as those with right view. Those without knowledge up to vibhaṅgajñāna are just as dark-halved souls. The rest, up to those attentive to the formless, are all to be stated just as those with lesyā. As the exposition of five-sensed animals was stated, thus it is to be stated for humans too; with the difference that: those with manaḥparyāyajñāna and those not attentive to instinct are to be stated just as five-sensed animals with right view. Those without lesyā, those with kevalajñāna, those without gender, those without passions, and those without activity—these do not bind even a single lifespan. The rest is just as for souls in general. Vyantaras, Jyotiṣkas, and Vaimānikas are just as asurakumāras.
"Venerable Sir! Are kriyāvādī souls capable of liberation? Incapable of liberation?"
"Gautama! They are capable of liberation, not incapable of liberation."
"Venerable Sir! Are akriyāvādī souls capable of liberation?"—the question.
"Gautama! They are capable of liberation too, and incapable of liberation too. Likewise also ajñānavādī, and also vainayikavādī.
"Venerable Sir! Are kriyāvādī souls with lesyā capable of liberation?"—the question.
"Gautama! They are capable of liberation, not incapable of liberation."
"Venerable Sir! Are akriyāvādī souls with lesyā capable of liberation?"—the question.
"Gautama! They are capable of liberation too, and incapable of liberation too. Likewise also ajñānavādī, and also vainayikavādī, just as those with lesyā. Thus up to white-lesyā.
"Venerable Sir! Are kriyāvādī souls without lesyā capable of liberation?"—the question.
"Gautama! They are capable of liberation, not incapable of liberation. Thus, according to this phrasing, dark-halved souls in all three persuasions are optional. Bright-halved souls in all four persuasions are capable of liberation, not incapable of liberation. Those with right view are just as those without lesyā. Those with wrong view are just as dark-halved souls. Those with right-and-wrong view, in both persuasions, are just as those without lesyā. Those with knowledge up to kevalajñāna are capable of liberation, not incapable of liberation. Those without knowledge up to vibhaṅgajñāna are just as dark-halved souls. In all four instincts, just as those with lesyā. Those not attentive to instinct are just as those with right view. Those with gender up to neuter-gendered are just as those with lesyā. Those without gender are just as those with right view. Those with passions up to greed-passion are just as those with lesyā. Those without passions are just as those with right view. Those with activity up to bodily activity are just as those with lesyā. Those without activity are just as those with right view. Those attentive to form and attentive to the formless are just as those with lesyā. Thus inhabitants of hell are also to be stated; with the difference that: whatever exists must be understood. Likewise also asurakumāras up to stanitakumāras. Earth-bodied souls in all positions, in both middle persuasions, are capable of liberation too, and incapable of liberation too. Thus up to plant-bodied souls. Two-sensed, three-sensed, and four-sensed souls are just in this manner; with the difference that: in right view, avadhijñāna, sensory cognition, and scriptural knowledge—in these very two middle persuasions, they are capable of liberation, not incapable of liberation; the rest is just the same. Five-sensed animals are just as inhabitants of hell; with the difference that: whatever exists must be understood. Humans are just as souls in general. Vyantaras, Jyotiṣkas, and Vaimānikas are just as asurakumāras."
"That is so, Venerable Sir! That is so, Venerable Sir!"

30.1.1000

"Venerable Sir! Are immediately reborn inhabitants of hell kriyāvādins?"—[this is] the question.
"Gautama! They are kriyāvādins as well, up to vainayikavādins as well."
"Venerable Sir! Are immediately reborn inhabitants of hell who possess lesyā kriyāvādins?" The same indeed.
Just as the exposition of inhabitants of hell was stated in the first uddeśaka, so should it be stated here too; with the only difference: whatever pertains to immediately reborn inhabitants of hell, that should be stated. In this way for all jīvas up to celestial beings of the vimānas; with the only difference: whatever pertains to the immediately reborn wherever, that should be stated there.
"Venerable Sir! Do immediately reborn inhabitants of hell who are kriyāvādins bind the lifespan of inhabitants of hell?"—[this is] the question.
"Gautama! They do not bind the lifespan of inhabitants of hell, nor of animals, nor of humans, nor do they bind the lifespan of gods." So also the akriyāvādins, ajñānikavādins, and vainayikavādins.
"Venerable Sir! Do immediately reborn inhabitants of hell who possess lesyā and are kriyāvādins bind the lifespan of inhabitants of hell?"—[this is] the question.
"Gautama! They do not bind the lifespan of inhabitants of hell, up to they do not bind the lifespan of gods. In this way up to celestial beings of the vimānas. In this way in all states too, immediately reborn inhabitants of hell do not bind any lifespan at all, up to those with formless application [of consciousness]. In this way up to celestial beings of the vimānas; with the only difference: whatever belongs to which, that should be stated for that.
"Venerable Sir! Are immediately reborn inhabitants of hell who are kriyāvādins capable of liberation (bhavasiddhika) or incapable of liberation (abhavasiddhika)?"
"Gautama! They are capable of liberation, not incapable of liberation."
"Akriyāvādins?"—[this is] the question.
"Gautama! They are capable of liberation as well, and incapable of liberation as well. So also ajñānikavādins and vainayikavādins."
"Venerable Sir! Are immediately reborn inhabitants of hell who possess lesyā and are kriyāvādins capable of liberation or incapable of liberation?"
"Gautama! They are capable of liberation, not incapable of liberation. In this phrasing, just as the exposition of inhabitants of hell was stated in the general uddeśaka, so should it be stated here too, up to those with formless application [of consciousness].
In this way up to celestial beings of the vimānas; with the only difference: whatever belongs to which, that should be stated for that. This is its distinguishing characteristic: those who are kriyāvādins, belonging to the bright fortnight, and having right-and-wrong view—all these are capable of liberation, not incapable of liberation. All the rest are capable of liberation as well, and incapable of liberation as well."
"That is so, Venerable Sir! That is so, Venerable Sir!"

30.1.1001

"Venerable Sir! Are non-immediately reborn inhabitants of hell kriyāvādins?" Just as in the general uddeśaka, so should it be stated without omission for non-immediately reborn inhabitants of hell and so forth; likewise comprising the three daṇḍakas.
"That is so, Venerable Sir! That is so, Venerable Sir!" up to he wanders [forth].

30.1.1002

In this order, just as the sequence of uddeśakas is in the Baṃdhisaya, exactly that [is to be understood] here too, up to the non-final uddeśaka; with the only difference: all four 'immediate' [uddeśakas] share one method, and all four 'non-immediate' [uddeśakas] share one method. So also the 'final' and 'non-final' are just the same; with the only difference: those without lesyā, kevalins, and the motionless (ayogin) are not to be mentioned; the rest is just the same.
"That is so, Venerable Sir! That is so, Venerable Sir!" These are all eleven uddeśakas.

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