The Great Epic of the Bhārata dynasty 6.41

Bhāratabhāvadīpa 6.41

Language: Sanskrit

6.41.1

tasmācchāstraṃ pramāṇaṃ te iti praśnabījamupalabhyārjuna uvāca -- ya iti | ye puruṣāḥ śāstravidhim | śāstrapadenātra śrutisadācārakulācārā gṛhyante | sarveṣāṃ teṣāṃ dharme pramāṇatvāt | tatra yo'dhigato vidhirvidheyaṃ tadutsṛjya sarvātmanā parityajya yajante pūjayanti tātakūpādīn | matpitrā kṛto'yaṃ kūpo gaṅgāśatādapyadhiko'traiva snānapānāvagāhanaparicaryāpradakṣiṇaprakramaṇarūpādetatsevanādahamiṣṭaṃ phalamavaśyaṃ prāpsyāmīti tatra dṛḍhatarayā śraddhayānvitāḥ santasteṣāṃ niṣṭhā iyaṃ kā kīdṛśī kiṃ sattvaṃ sāttvikī vā pitrye kūpe śraddhādhikyadarśanāt | kiṃ rajaḥ rājasī vā teṣāṃ niṣṭhā śāstrātikrameṇa kāmakārarūpatvāt | āho iti praśne | kiṃ tamaḥ tāmasī vā sā niṣṭhā raṅge rajatadhīrivāśāstrīyāyā alpe mahattvabuddherviparyāsarūpāyā darśanāt | yadapi tu bhāṣye vṛddhavyavahāradarśanādeva śraddadhānatayā devādīnyajanta ityuktaṃ, tatrāpyavigīta eva vṛddhavyavahāro grāhyaḥ | avigīte'smiṃstāmasatvādiśaṅkāyā ayogāt ||

6.41.2

evaṃ sāmānyataḥ pṛṣṭe sāmānyamevottaraṃ śrībhagavānuvāca -- trividheti | svabhāvaḥ prāgbhavīyau dharmādharmau tato jātā svabhāvajā | yadi prāgbhave sāttviko devatāpūjādidharmo'nenānuṣṭhitastarhi tasya śuddhasāttvikyeva śraddhā bhavati | yadi rājaso yakṣādipūjārūpastarhi rājasyeva | yadi tāmaso bhūtapretādipūjārūpastarhi tāmasī śraddhā bhavati | evaṃ trividhā śraddhā dehināṃ dehābhimānavatāṃ bhavati tāṃ mayā vyākhyāsyamānāṃ śṛṇu ||

6.41.3

nanu “śraddhāvitto bhūtvātmanyevātmānaṃ paśyet” iti śraddhāyā ātmadarśane sādhaneṣvantaraṅgatvamucyate, kathaṃ tasyā rājasatvaṃ tāmasatvaṃ cocyata ityata āha -- sattveti | prākkarmasaṃskāropataṃ yādṛśaṃ buddhisattvaṃ sāttvikaṃ rājasaṃ tāmasaṃ vā tadanurūpaiva sāttvikyādirūpā devatādipūjāsu phalāvaśyambhāvaniścayātmikā śraddhāpi bhavati | tathāyaṃ puruṣo'pi śraddhāmayaḥ śraddhāpradhāno yo yacchraddho, yo yayā śraddhayopetaḥ sa eva sa iti sāttvikyā śraddhayopetaḥ sāttvika eva, rājasyā rājasastāmasyā tāmasa iti | evaṃ sati yadi tātakūpabhaktaḥ pūrvapuṇyavaśāttātaṃ devavanmanyate, tarhi taṃ sāttvikaṃ puṇḍarīkamiva devā anugṛhṇanti nityakarmatyāganimittamapi doṣamasyāpanudanti | yadi tvenaṃ mantrādinā siddhaṃ pūrvavāsanāvaśādyakṣādirūpaṃ manyate tadā taṃ rājasaṃ rājasā yakṣā evānugṛhṇanti | nāsya kāmakāravato nityakarmatyāgajaṃ doṣamapanetumarhanti | nahi devatāparādhī yakṣaistrātuṃ śakyate | yadi tvayaṃ pretaḥ pitā matkuṭumbaṃ mābādhiṣṭeti sarvaṃ dharmaṃ tyaktvā enamasya priyaṃ kūpaṃ pūjayāmīti manyate tadāṃ taṃ pitari pretatvabuddhiyogādviparyastaṃ tāmasaṃ pretā evānugṛhṇanti kṣudrabhogairdevāśca narake pātayanti ||

6.41.4

kuta etadevaṃ kalpyate yasmātsāttvikādayo devādīneva yajante ityāha -- yajanta iti | yajante pūjayanti ||

6.41.5

sāttvikānāṃ daurlabhyamabhipretyāha -- aśāstreti | śāstraṃ vedādi tadvirodhinā kaulikādyāgamena vihitaṃ ghoraṃ svamāṃsahomena brāhmaṇalohitādinā vā devatāsantarpaṇādyātmakaṃ ye janāstapastapyante tānāsuraniścayānviddhīti dvayoḥ sambandhaḥ | dambho dharmadhvajitvam | ahaṅkāraḥ svasminpūjyatābuddhiḥ tābhyāṃ saṃyuktāḥ | kāmarāgo viṣayābhilāṣaḥ | balaṃ sāhasenāpi viṣayasādhane utsāhastābhyāmanvitāḥ ||

6.41.6

karśayantaḥ kṛśaṃ kurvantaḥ | bhūtagrāmaṃ karaṇasamūham | acetaso mūḍhāḥ | māṃ cāntaḥśarīrasthaṃ bhoktṛrūpeṇa śarīrāntaḥsthaṃ māṃ parameśvaraṃ vā bhogyasya śarīrasya kṛśīkaraṇena madājñālaṅghanena vā kṛśīkurvantaḥ tānviddhyāsuraniścayān ||

6.41.7

atra sāttvikānāṃ śraddhārādhyāhārayajñatapodānānāṃ parigrahārthaṃ rājasatāmasānāṃ varjanārthaṃ ca teṣāṃ pratyekaṃ traividhyaṃ vidhīyate | tatrāpi śraddhātraividhyam ārādhyatraividhyaṃ ca prāgevoktam | āhārādīnāṃ traividhyaṃ pratijñāpūrvakamāha -- āhārastviti | āhriyata ityāhāro'nnam | ataḥ paraṃ prāyeṇa padārthaḥ spaṣṭastathāpi kvacitkvacitkiñcitkiñcidvyākhyāyate ||

6.41.8

āyurjīvanam | sattvamutsāhaḥ | balaṃ śaktiḥ | ārogyaṃ rogarāhityam | sukhaṃ cittaprasādaḥ | prītirabhiruciḥ | eteṣāṃ vivardhanāḥ vṛddhikarāḥ te āyuḥsattvabalārogyasukhaprītivivardhanāḥ | rasyāḥ rasopetāḥ | snigdhāḥ snehavantaḥ | sthirāḥ dehe rasāṃśena cirakālasthāyinaḥ | hṛdyāḥ dṛṣṭamātrā eva hṛdayapriyāḥ | āhārāḥ ghṛtakṣīrasitādayaḥ sāttvikapriyāḥ ||

6.41.9

kaṭviti | atiśabdaḥ sarvatra sambadhyate | atikaṭu nimbādi | atyamlātilavaṇātyuṣṇāḥ prasiddhāḥ | atitīkṣṇo marīcādi | atirūkṣaḥ snehaśūnyaḥ kaṅgukodravādiḥ | atividāhī rājikādiḥ | duḥkhaṃ tātkālikī pīḍā | śokaḥ paścādbhāvidaurmanasyam | āmayo dhātuvaiṣamyāpādanena rogastatpradāḥ ||

6.41.10

yātayāmaṃ praharātprākkṛtaṃ śītalatāṃ gatamityarthaḥ | yātayāmam ardhapakvaṃ nirvīryasya gatarasenaivoktatvāditi bhāṣyam | gatarasaṃ rasavimuktam | pūti durgandhi | paryuṣitaṃ pakvaṃ sadrātryantaritam | ucchiṣṭaṃ bhuktāvaśiṣṭam | amedhyaṃ yajñānarham | bhojanam annaṃ tāmasapriyam ||

6.41.11

yajñatraividhyamāha -- aphaleti | vidhidṛṣṭaḥ āvaśyakatayā vihitaḥ | yaṣṭavyameva na tu yajñāddṛṣṭamadṛṣṭaṃ vā phalaṃ prāptavyamiti manaḥ samādhāya samāhitaṃ kṛtvā yo yajña ijyate sa sāttvikaḥ ||

6.41.12

rājasaṃ yajñamāha -- abhisandhāyeti | vidhihīnaṃ śāstroktavidhihīnam | asṛṣṭaṃ na dattamannaṃ yasmin tam asṛṣṭānnam ||

6.41.13

vidhihīnaṃ śāstroktavidhihīnam | asṛṣṭaṃ na dattamannaṃ yasmin tam asṛṣṭānnam ||

6.41.14

devāḥ viṣṇvādyāḥ | dvijā brāhmaṇāḥ | guravo mātṛpitrācāryādayaḥ | prājñāḥ brahmaniṣṭhāḥ | teṣāṃ pūjanam | ārjavamakauṭilyam ||

6.41.15

priyaṃ ca tat hitaṃ ca priyahitam | śravaṇakāle pariṇāme ca sukhadamityarthaḥ ||

6.41.16

manaḥprasādaḥ rāgadveṣādirāhityam | saumyatvaṃ parahitaiṣitvam | maunaṃ vāksaṃyamaḥ | ātmavinigraho manonirodhaḥ | bhāvaśuddhiḥ parairvyavahārakāle māyārāhityam | iti evamprakāram anyaddayādikam etanmānasaṃ tapa ucyate ||

6.41.17

trividhaṃ kāyikavācikamānasabhedena | yuktairavahitaiḥ ||

6.41.18

satkāraḥ loke sādhurayamiti vākpūjā | māno'bhyutthānābhivādanādikāyikī pūjā | pūjā lābhādi | etadarthaṃ dambhena ca yattapaḥ kriyate tadrājasam | calaṃ vināśi | adhruvamaniścitaphalam ||

6.41.19

mūḍhagrāheṇāvivekakṛtena durāgraheṇa | ātmanaḥ śarīrasya utsādanārthaṃ vināśārtham ||

6.41.20

dātavyameveti buddhyā yaddānaṃ pradeyadravyaṃ dīyate na tu phalamuddiśya dīyate | kasmai anupakāriṇe pratyupakārāsamarthāya | deśe kurukṣetrādau kāle saṅkrāntyādau yaddīyate tatsāttvikamiti sambandhaḥ | yacca pātre dānaṃ samarpaṇaṃ tadapi sāttvikamiti yojanā | atra ādyo dānaśabdaḥ karmaṇi vyutpannaḥ pradeyadravyavācī karmabhūtaḥ | tatsaṃyogātsampradāne caturthyapekṣā | dvitīyastu bhāvavyutpannastyāgamātravācī | tena tatra pātrabhūte puṃsi na caturthyapekṣā “karmaṇā yamabhipraiti sa sampradānam” iti hi pāribhāṣikyāḥ sampradānasañjñāyā atra karmavibhaktyabhāvenāpravṛtteḥ | tena pātre iti caturthyarthe saptamīti vā , pātṛśabdasya caturthīyamiti vā kalpanaṃ vyarthameva | dānaśabdasyāvṛttyā ca deśakālānupakāritvaviśiṣṭe dānamityekā koṭiḥ | pātre dānamityaparā | ubhayasamuccaye tu mahānguṇa iti bhāvaḥ ||

6.41.21

parikliṣṭaṃ kathametāvaddravyavyayaḥ kartavya ityākulatāyuktaṃ yathā syāttathā dīyata iti kriyāviśeṣaṇam ||

6.41.22

asatkṛtaṃ priyabhāṣaṇapādaprakṣālanādipūjāsatkārastadrahitam | avajñātaṃ pātraparibhavayuktam | dānaṃ pradeyaṃ hiraṇyādi ||

6.41.23

adṛṣṭārthānāṃ yajñadānatapaḥprabhṛtīnāṃ vaikalyaśaṅkāyāṃ sādguṇyasiddhyarthaṃ prāyaścittamupadiśyate -- tatsaditi | omiti taditi saditi ca trividhastriprakāro'yaṃ brahmaṇo nirdeśo nāmnāṃ pāṭhaḥ | yathā sahasranāmnāṃ pāṭhe sahasraṃ nāmāni evamasminnapi nāmapāṭhe trīṇyeva nāmānītyarthaḥ | “omiti brahma” iti taittirīyake | “taditi vā etasya mahato bhūtasya nāma bhavati” ityaitareyake | “sadeva somyedamagra āsīt” iti chāndogye ca eteṣāṃ śabdānāṃ brahmanāmatvaprasiddheḥ | tena nāmatrayeṇa brāhmaṇādayo vihitāḥ | purā sargādau brāhmaṇāḥ etannāmatrayoccāraṇasāmarthyenaiva vidhātrā viprādayo vihitāḥ | prakāśitā ityarthaḥ ||

6.41.24

yasmādetannāmatrayapūrvakam eteṣāṃ vidhānaṃ sargādau dṛṣṭaṃ tasmāttriṣveteṣu nāmasu omityekameva nāma udāhṛtya brahmavādināṃ vaidikānāṃ vidhānoktāḥ vedoktāḥ yajñādayaḥ kriyāḥ satataṃ pravartante | tathā ca śrutiḥ “omiti brahmā prasauti | omiti śāstrāṇi śaṃsanti | omityadhvaryuḥ pratigaraṃ pratigṛṇāti | omiti sāmāni gāyanti” iti yajñe sarveṣāmṛtvijāṃ kriyā oṅkārapūrvikā ityetaddarśayati ||

6.41.25

omiti nāmnaḥ kāmyākāmyakarmasādhāraṇyena yajñādau viniyogamuktvā, taditi nāmno niṣkāmeṣu mumukṣukarmasu viniyogaṃ darśayati -- taditi | mokṣakāṅkṣibhiḥ phalamanabhisandhāya vividhāḥ yajñatapaḥkriyāḥ dānakriyāśca kriyante iti yojanā | nanu phalaṃ cennābhisandhīyate tarhi kimabhisandhāya kriyanta ityākāṅkṣāyāmāha -- taditi | kriyante iti | sarvāḥ kriyāstaditi brahmeti kriyante | yathā brahmavādibhiḥ ‘brahmārpaṇaṃ brahma havirbrahmāgnau brahmaṇā hutam | brahmaiva tena gantavyaṃ brahmakarmasamādhinā’ ityuktadiśā sarvāḥ sasādhanaphalāḥ kriyāḥ brahmaivedaṃ sarvamitibuddhyā kriyante tathā mumukṣubhirapītyarthaḥ | yadeva hi muktānāṃ svābhāvikaṃ śīlaṃ tadeva mumukṣūṇāṃ śāstreṇa vidhīyata iti prasiddheḥ | phalamanabhisandhāyeti sānnidhyāttaditītyatrāpi sāmarthyādabhisandhāyeti labhyate | tena phalamanabhisandhāya tadityabhisandhāya kriyāḥ pravartanta ityanvayo'pi sulabha eva | taditi brahmābhidhānamuccāryeti bhāṣye'pi udāhṛtyeti pūrvaślokoktakriyānuvṛttyā yojanamasmaduktābhiprāyeṇaiva vyākhyeyam uccāraṇasyāpi brahmānusandhānārthatvāditi dik ||

6.41.26

ontacchabdayorviniyogamuktvā sacchabdasya viniyogamāha dvābhyām -- sadbhāve iti | sadbhāve astitve, sādhubhāve samīcīnatve sacchabdaḥ sadidaṃ karmeti praśaste karmaṇi satsattvaṃ vedoktatvādastyeveti sacchabdaḥ prayujyate āstikaiḥ ||

6.41.27

kiñca yajñādau sthitirniṣṭhā saditi samīcīneti ucyate | tadarthaḥ sacchabdārtho brahma tadarthīyaṃ tadarthaṃ kṛtaṃ tadarthīyaṃ parameśvaraprāptyarthaṃ kṛtaṃ karma sadityeva samīcīnamityevābhidhīyate loke | tadevam asāttvikaṃ viguṇaṃ vā yajñādikaṃ śraddhāpūrvakaṃ brahmaṇo'bhidhānatrayoccāraṇena sāttvikaṃ sadguṇaṃ ca sampāditaṃ bhavati ||

6.41.28

sarvatra śraddhaiva sādguṇyaheturiti vyatirekamukhenāha -- aśraddhayeti | hutaṃ homaḥ | dattaṃ dānam | tapastaptamanuṣṭhitaṃ kṛtamaśraddhayā vihitaṃ bhagavannāmasmaraṇamapi yaccānyattatsarvamasat abhāvabhūtamityucyate | pārtha? ataeva tat pretya mṛtvā paraloke nopayujyate | ihāsmin loke vā no naivopayujyate | tasmāt śraddhaiva sāttvikī māteva sukhakāmaiḥ śaraṇīkaraṇīyeti bhāvaḥ ||

Linked texts (1)

Mahābhārata — Vyāsa, Sanskrit