Manava Dharmashastra 2.178
Manubhāṣya 2.178
- Language
- Sanskrit
2.178
ghṛtatailādinā snehena śiraḥśarīramrakṣaṇamabhyaṅgaḥ | añjanaṃ cākṣṇoḥ | akṣigrahaṇaṃ vṛttapūraṇārtham | anayoścāpi dehamaṇḍanārthatayā pratiṣedho nauṣadhārthatayā | gandhamālyādisāhacaryāt | upānahau carmapāduke, na kevale | chatradhāraṇaṃ ca svahastena parahastena cobhayasyāpi niṣedhaḥ | kāmo rāgaḥ | manmathasya strīpratiṣedhādeva siddhaḥ | krodho roṣaḥ | lobho mohaḥ | ahaṅkāramamakārau cittadharmāvete | nartanaṃ prākṛtapuruṣāṇāṃ harṣāya gātravikṣepo bharatādidṛṣṭābhinayaprayogaśca | gītaṃ ṣaḍjādisvarapradarśanam | vādanaṃ vīṇāvaṃśādibhiḥ svaravacchabdakaraṇaṃ, paṇavamṛdaṅgādyabhighātaśca tālānuvṛttyā |
From anointing, applying collyrium to the eyes, shoes, holding the umbrella, attachment, anger, avarice, dancing, singing and playing on musical instruments.—(178)
Medhātithi’s commentary (manubhāṣya):
‘Anointing’—rubbing of the head and body with butter, oil or such other oily substances.
‘Applying collyrium to the eyes—the addition of the word ‘eyes’ is only for the purpose of filling up the metre.
What is prohibited in regard to these two is the having recourse to them by way of ornamentation; and not their use as medicine. That this is so is. dear from their being mentioned along with ‘scents and garlands.’
‘Shoes’—foot-covers made of leather; not all kinds of foot-cover.
‘Holding of the umbrella’—either by one’s own hand or by the hand of another person; both are prohibited.
‘Kāma’ here stands for attachment; the preclusion of sexual desire being already included under the prohibition of association with women (in 177).
‘Anger’—rage.
‘Avarice’—selfishness. Notions of ‘I’ and ‘mine’ are the characteristics of the mind.
‘Dancing.’—The throwing about of one’s limbs for the delectation of ordinary people, as also the acting of dramas according to the rules laid down by Bharata and others.
‘Singing’—the exhibition of the ‘Ṣaḍja’ and other musical notes.
‘Playing upon musical instruments,'—the producing of musical sounds by means of the lute, the flute and so forth, as also the striking, to time, of such instruments as the drum, mṛdaṅga and the like.—(178)
This is quoted in Parāśaramādhava (Ācāra, p. 456);—in Madanapārijāta (p. 39);—in Vīramitrodaya (Saṃskāra, p. 494);—in Nirṇayasindhu (p. 189);—in Aparārka (p. 62);—in Saṃskāramayūkha (p. 42);—and in Smṛticandrikā (Saṃskāra, p. 125).
Comparative notes by various authors
(verses 177-179)
See Comparative notes for Verse 2.177.
Translations (1)
- Manu-Smṛti: The Laws of Manu with the Bhāṣya of Medhātithi — Ganganatha Jha 1920, English
Linked texts (1)
- Mānava Dharmaśāstra — Manu & Bhṛgu, Sanskrit