containing saṃrāj, containing virāj, containing svarāj, containing jāta, containing ūti, containing vīti, containing pari, containing abhi, containing upa.

23.1.16

"Agni with our own praises..." [RV 10.21.1] is the Vaimada Ājya recitation.

23.1.17

By means of Vimada, indeed, the gods intoxicated and drove away the Asuras.

23.1.18

So when [the hymn of] Vimada is recited on the fourth day, both in the middle and in the Hotrā recitations,

23.1.19

the sacrificers thereby indeed drive away evil from limb after limb.

23.1.20

"Agni produced by Atharvan..." [RV 10.21.5] contains [the word] 'born' (jātavat).

23.1.21

That is the characteristic mark of this day.

23.1.22

When fully recited, they amount to ten Jagatīs.

23.1.23

For this three-day period has the Jagatī at the morning pressing.

23.1.26

And thus it does not depart from the characteristic form of the morning pressing.

23.1.27

This is the case in the shifted [order of metres] (vyūḍha).

23.1.28

Having set that aside, "Men [rubbed] Agni with their fingers in the two kindling sticks..." [RV 7.1.1] is the Vairāja Ājya recitation in the unshifted [order] (samūḍha).

23.1.29

The Pṛṣṭha is Vairāja; therefore it accords with it.

23.1.31

The Pṛṣṭha is Vāsiṣṭha; therefore it accords with it.

23.1.32

"Moving their hands, they generated the praised one..." [RV 7.1.1] contains [the word] 'born' (jātavat).

23.1.33

That is the characteristic mark of this day.

23.1.34

The Prauga recitation is in the Anuṣṭubh metre.

23.1.35

The fourth day, indeed, belongs to the Anuṣṭubh.

23.2.1

He begins the Marutvatīya recitation with [a verse] containing [the word] 'sacrifice' (yajñavat): "Thee we approach with sacrifices..." [RV 8.40.7].

23.2.2

For on the fourth day the sacrifice is to be undertaken afresh.

23.2.3

He thereby undertakes the sacrifice itself.

23.2.4

"Hear the call, O Indra, do not fail me..." [RV 8.96.11] is the Marutvatīya hymn.

23.2.5

These, indeed, are Triṣṭubhs having the character of Virāj.

23.2.7

For they are endowed with the characteristic form of the day.

23.2.8

"O Indra with the Maruts, drink the Soma here..." [RV 3.51.7] is the well-known Triṣṭubh pressing-supporter (savana-dharaṇa).

23.2.9

Indra, indeed, is connected with the Triṣṭubh.

23.2.10

Indra's domain, indeed, is the midday [pressing].

23.2.11

These well-known Triṣṭubh pressing-supporters do not depart from the midday [pressing], even when the metres are shifted.

23.2.13

[It is retained] lest we should dislodge Indra from his own domain.

23.2.14

"When the gods adorned thee at birth..." [RV 3.51.8] contains [the word] 'born' (jātavat).

23.2.15

For [the word] 'born' (jātavat) is the characteristic mark of the fourth day.

23.2.16

"Now call I him who has wondrous craft..." [RV 8.96.10] is the Gāyatra Marutvatīya hymn.

23.2.17

For this three-day period has the Gāyatrī at midday.

23.2.18

Now as to this, [one asks]: 'Should one make the nyūṅkha here or here?'

23.2.19

The nyūṅkha belongs to the stotriya and anurūpa verses and to the opening verses of the uktha.

23.2.20

Then he should not heed [any deviation].

23.2.21

The stotriya verse is the self; the anurūpa verse is offspring.

23.2.23

He thereby places food in himself and in his offspring.

23.2.24

'One should make an Anuṣṭubh nyūṅkha,' say some.

23.2.25

The fourth day, indeed, belongs to the Anuṣṭubh.

23.2.27

'One should make a Vairāja nyūṅkha,' such is the settled rule.

23.2.29

He thereby places food in the sacrifice and in the sacrificers.

23.2.30

He should make the nyūṅkha on the middle pada.

23.2.31

The self is the first pada, offspring the last.

23.2.33

It is in the middle of the body, indeed, that food is placed.

23.2.34

That is just as if one were to eat food mouthful by mouthful.

23.2.35

"Indra alone for the godhead..." [RV 8.92.19] is the eight-verse Indra Pragātha.

23.2.36

By means of this, indeed, the gods attained all attainments.

23.2.37

Likewise also the sacrificers attain all attainments by this very means.

23.2.38

"Where heard...?" [RV 8.92.1] are the Kuhaśrutīya verses.

23.2.41

For these are endowed with the characteristic mark of the day.

23.2.42

'Of thee the warrior, the bull, the self-ruler' (RV 7.34.1) is recognized as a Triṣṭubh hymn sustaining the pressing; its brāhmaṇa has been stated.

23.2.43

By the word 'self-ruler' (svarāj), it contains svarāj.

23.2.44

Containing svarāj is indeed its characteristic mark.

23.2.45

'Him indeed who is all-conquering for you' (RV 8.66.1) is the Niṣkevalya recitation.

23.2.46

By 'thou dost bring down for help' (ūtaye), it contains ūti.

23.2.47

Containing ūti is indeed its characteristic mark.

23.2.48

It is in the Gāyatrī metre, for this three-day period has the Gāyatrī at the midday [pressing].

23.3.1

'Golden-handed for help' (RV 1.22.5) is an anucara verse containing ūti; its brāhmaṇa has been stated.

23.3.2

By the word 'for help' (ūtaye), it contains ūti.

23.3.3

Containing ūti is indeed its characteristic mark.

'May the divine Savitṛ come with goodly treasure' (RV 1.35.1), 'Forward, with sacrifices, Heaven and Earth with obeisance' (RV 7.53.1), 'Forward, as a messenger to the Ṛbhus, I send speech' (RV 4.33.1), 'Forward may the bright, divine thought go' (RV 7.88.1)—

23.3.5

[hymns with] 'hither' (ā) or 'forward' (pra) have the form of the opening [day].

23.3.6

Therefore hymns with ā and hymns with pra are recited on the fourth day with the form of the opening [day].

23.3.7

For the fourth day is a repetition of the opening day.

23.3.8

Two-footed verses are recited.

23.3.9

A two-footed one is indeed able to step forward.

23.3.10

That form is for stepping forward.

23.3.11

Just as one would dwell in closer proximity above the heavenly world, so is that.

23.3.12

'Forward the praise of the universal ruler, the Asura' (RV 7.6.1) is [the hymn] to Vaiśvānara.

23.3.13

By the word 'universal ruler' (saṃrāj), it contains saṃrāj.

23.3.14

Containing saṃrāj is indeed its characteristic mark.

23.3.15

'Who are these men of distinct appearance, of the same dwelling?' (RV 7.56.1) is [the hymn] to the Maruts.

23.3.16

Its brāhmaṇa is the same as that of the praśukrīya hymn.

23.3.17

'May the Agnis go forward with strengths, with powers' (RV 7.43.1) are three additional verses in the combined [form].

23.3.18

'We seek the aid of the glittering, mighty one' (RV 7.30.1)—

23.3.19

[hymns with] 'hither' (ā) or 'forward' (pra) have the form of the opening [day].

23.3.20

Therefore hymns with ā and hymns with pra are recited on the fourth day with the form of the opening [day].

23.3.21

For the fourth day is a repetition of the opening day.

23.3.22

'I invoke for you the bright-shining, the well-formed' (RV 7.8.1) is [the hymn] to Jātavedas.

23.3.23

Its brāhmaṇa is the same as that of the Marutvatīya recitation.

23.3.24

'Praise the treasure, as it were of wonderful greatness' (RV 7.9.1) is [the hymn] in the combined [form].

23.3.25

'O thou robed in ghee, make a way for the prayer' (RV 7.9.1cd)—

23.3.26

[hymns with] 'hither' (ā) or 'forward' (pra) have the form of the opening [day].

23.3.27

Therefore hymns with ā and hymns with pra are recited on the fourth day with the form of the opening [day].

23.3.28

For the fourth day is a repetition of the opening day.

23.3.29

Then, having approached the ukthya [lauds] and crept along, they perform the Ṣoḍaśin.

23.3.30

This whole [world] indeed consists of sixteen parts.

23.3.31

It is to obtain this whole [world].

23.3.32

By means of the fourth day, they obtain food.

23.3.33

[They obtain] the Anuṣṭubh metre, the twenty-onefold stoma, and the Vairāja sāman;

23.3.34

the northern direction, and the autumn among seasons.

23.3.35

And the Sādhyas and Āptyas among the divine classes;

23.3.36

and Bṛhaspati and the Moon as the two overlords.

23.4.1

Cattle are the fifth day; [the fifth day] is indeed the Paṅkti.

23.4.2

Now this is its explanation:

23.4.3

Cattle are the Paṅkti.

23.4.4

These are its metrical characteristics:

23.4.5

[verses] containing 'bull', containing 'milch-cow', containing 'milked', containing 'ghee', containing 'sweet', containing 'wealth', containing 'vigor', containing an addition.

23.4.6

'This guest of yours, waking at dawn' is the ājya [śastra].

23.4.7

In 'Of wealth, O son of strength, among mortals...', 'of wealth' is [a word] containing 'wealth'.

23.4.8

That containing 'wealth' is its form.

23.4.9

That containing an addition is the form of the Paṅkti.

23.4.10

It is in Jagatī metre, for this three-day period has the morning pressing in Jagatī metre.

23.4.11

So much for the transposed [order].

23.4.12

Setting this aside, in the untransposed [order] [the hymn] 'Agni I deem him who is good' belongs to the Paṅkti.

23.4.13

The fifth day is indeed the Paṅkti.

23.4.14

What this day is, that are these [verses]:

23.4.15

'Whom the milch-cows seek as home...'

23.4.16

Containing [the word] 'cow' (dhenu) is indeed the characteristic of this [day].

23.4.17

The Prauga [śastra] is in the Bṛhatī metre.

23.4.18

Cattle are the fifth day.

23.4.19

Cattle are connected with the Bṛhatī, [it is] just for the attainment of cattle.

23.4.20

The [verse] 'yat pāñcajanyayā viśā' ('With the fivefold people') is the opening verse of the Marutvatīya [śastra].

23.4.21

'Pāñcajanyayā' ('With the fivefold')—that is the characteristic of the fifth day.

23.4.22

The [verse] 'itthā hi soma in made' ('For thus Soma in exhilaration'), containing [the word] 'exhilaration' (mad), is in the Paṅkti metre; its Brāhmaṇa explanation has been stated.

23.4.23

The [verses beginning] 'avitāsi sunvato vṛktabarhiṣaḥ' ('You are the protector of the presser who has spread the sacrificial grass') are six-footed.

23.4.24

Six indeed are the seasons, the year [is six seasons].

23.4.25

[It is] just for the attainment of the year.

23.4.26

'Their recitation should be recited in the Gāyatrī manner,' Kauṣītaki used to say.

23.4.27

Then indeed it is successful here, that it is recited in the Gāyatrī manner.

23.4.28

As for his reciting the praṇava after every eight syllables,

23.4.29

that is the characteristic of the Gāyatrī.

23.4.30

The [verse] 'marutvān indra vṛṣabho raṇāya' ('Accompanied by the Maruts, O Indra, a bull for battle') is the recognized Triṣṭubh verse supporting the pressing; its Brāhmaṇa explanation has been stated.

23.4.31

'A bull for battle'—it contains [the word] 'bull' (vṛṣan).

23.4.32

That is the characteristic of this day.

23.4.33

The Marutvatīya hymn 'ayam ha yena vā idam' ('This indeed, by which this...') is in the Gāyatrī metre.

23.4.34

For this three-day period has its midday pressings in the Gāyatrī metre.

23.5.1

The Mahānāmnī verses are the Pṛṣṭha [stotra].

23.5.2

By means of the Mahānāmnī verses, Indra slew Vṛtra.

23.5.3

when he came having slain Vṛtra, the deities approached him.

23.5.4

Turning away from him at first, having retreated in fear, they stood.

23.5.5

Prajāpati asked him: 'Were you able to slay [him]?'

23.5.6

'Even so indeed,' he replied unexpressedly.

23.5.7

And Prajāpati is indeed unexpressed.

23.5.8

That is the characteristic of Prajāpati.

23.5.9

Agni asked him: 'Were you able to slay [him]?'

23.5.10

'Even so indeed, O Agni,' he replied.

23.5.11

His own greatness asked him: 'Were you able to slay [him]?'

23.5.12

Having retreated from him at first in fear, it had stood.

23.5.13

'Even so indeed, O Indra,' he replied.

23.5.14

Pūṣan asked him: 'Were you able to slay [him]?'

23.5.15

'Even so indeed, O Pūṣan,' he replied.

23.5.16

The gods asked him: 'Were you able to slay [him]?'

23.5.17

'Even so indeed, O gods,' he replied.

23.5.18

These five lines are recited as the supplementary verses (purīṣa).

23.5.19

That is the boundary of the verse.

23.5.20

These are indeed the Śakvarī verses.

23.5.21

By means of these Indra was able (aśakat) to slay Vṛtra.

23.5.22

In that by these he was able to slay Vṛtra,

23.5.23

therefore they are Śakvarīs, for they are powers (śakti).

23.5.24

'pratyasmai pipīṣate' ('To him who wishes to drink'), 'yo rayivo rayiṃtamaḥ' ('He who, wealthy, is most rich'), 'tyam u vo aprahaṇam' ('Him for you, unconquerable')—these are three triplets.

23.5.25

With 'asmā asmā idandhasaḥ' ('For him, for him, of the food'), he makes a tenth [verse], a Bṛhatī.

23.5.26

However, 'evā hy asi vīrayuḥ' ('For thus you are valorous') stands having a common pronunciation with the supplementary verse.

23.5.27

Thus it becomes equal to, or exceeding, the stotriya.

23.5.28

The [verses beginning] 'yad indra nāhuṣīṣv ā' ('When, O Indra, among the Nahuṣa peoples') are the pragātha of the sāman.

23.5.29

Or, 'pañca kṣitīnām' ('of the five settlements')—[the word] 'five' (pañca) is the characteristic of the fifth day.

23.5.30

The [verse] 'indro madāya vāvṛdhe' ('Indra has grown strong for exhilaration'), containing [the word] 'exhilaration' (mad), is in the Paṅkti metre; its Brāhmaṇa explanation has been stated.

23.5.31

The [verses beginning] 'pra idam brahma vṛtratūryeṣv āvitha' ('You have aided this prayer in the contests with Vṛtra') are six-footed.

23.5.32

Their Brāhmaṇa explanation has been stated.

23.5.33

The [verse] 'abhūr eko rayipate rayīṇām' ('You alone have become, O lord of riches, of riches...') is the recognized Triṣṭubh verse supporting the pressing; its Brāhmaṇa explanation has been stated.

23.5.34

'O lord of riches, of riches'—it contains [the word] 'wealth' (rayi).

23.5.35

Containing [the word] 'wealth' is indeed the characteristic of this [day].

23.5.36

Having an intercalated line, that is the characteristic of the Paṅkti.

23.5.37

'tam indram vājayāmasi' ('We urge on that Indra') is the Niṣkevalya hymn.

23.5.38

'sa vṛṣā vṛṣabho bhuvat' ('He became a potent bull')—it contains [the word] 'bull' (vṛṣan).

23.5.39

That is the characteristic of this day.

23.5.40

For this three-day period has its midday pressings in the Gāyatrī metre.

23.6.1

The verse 'tat savitur vareṇyam' ('That desirable [splendour] of Savitṛ') is the following verse (anucara) of Viśvāmitra; its Brāhmaṇa explanation has been stated.