Rigveda 23

Ṛgvedabhāṣya (Udgītha) 23

Language: Sanskrit

23.1

23.2

23.3

adhāyi Nihita sthāpitā pravarttitāsmābhiḥ | dhīti devayā | idānīṃ asasṛgraṃ asamānasṛṣṭi | utkṛṣṭajanmānamityarthaḥ | kiṃ | viśvedevasaṃghaḥ | aṃśāḥ havirbhāgāḥ | tadarthena tīrthadeśena dasmaṃ śatrūṇāmupakṣapayitāraṃ darśanīyaṃ vā | upayantī loḍarthetra laṭ loḍvā | upayantu upagacchantu | svībhavanta ? ūmāḥ avitāraḥ tarpayitāraḥ | tṛpte ca sati sarvadevagaṇe tat prasādādvayaṃ abhyānaśama vyāpnuyāma prāpnuyāmetyāśāsmahe | suvitasya su ityasya sugatasya svargādikasya | sūtasya vā | prajāyāḥ saṃbandhi śūṃṣaṃ balaṃ | sukhalakṣaṇaṃ svargasukhamapatyasukhaṃ vetyarthaḥ | kiṃ | navedaso amṛtānāmabhūma na navetyetasminnarthe | navedaśabdaṃ vaiyākaraṇā nipātayanti | nabhrāṇanapānnavedānāsatyeti | na na vettāro vettara eva svarūpato jñātāra eva | vayaṃ | amṛtānāmabhūma bhavemetyetadāśāsmahe |
etāni | bhadrā bhadrāṇi kalyāṇi śobhanāni | stotrāṇi havīṃṣi ca | he kalaśa kalāśayana sarvakalādhāraparipūrṇa | athavā kalaśasadṛśa kalaśavadudakādhāretyarthaḥ | athavāntarṇītamatvarthemetat padaṃ | droṇakalaśavannindra kriyāṃ kṛtavanto vayaṃ | he kuru śravaṇa| kuruva ṛtvijaḥ | kurūṇāmṛtvijāṃ svabhūtānāṃ stutīnāṃ śrotaḥ | kasyārthāya kṛtavanto vayaṃ | dadataḥ maghāni stātubhyo yaṣṭṛbhyaśca dhanāni yacchataḥ | tavendrasyārthe | etajjñātvā pratyupakārārthaṃ dānaṃ uddatte vosmabhyaṃ ipsitārthānāṃ vaḥ| maghavān ityubhayatra vyatyayena bahuvacanaṃ | vaḥ tat svabhūtam | he maghavānaḥ maghavandhanavan indra | iti tacchrutaiḥ yacchabdo'dhyāhāryaḥ | yo tākā priyo vā ātmā saḥ astu bhavatu | ayañca somaḥ | dātā | hṛdi tavendrasya hṛdaye | yaṃ somaṃ | hetukartṛtvenāhaṃ bibharmi dhārayāmi ||
idānīntu devaprasādādapetaṃ mā saṃtapanti annābhāvāddābālyāt kuśaśayanācca duḥkhayantītyarthaḥ | abhitaḥ ubhayataḥ | ubhayorapi pārśvayorityarthaḥ | parśavaḥ kimiva santāpayanti | sapatnīva | yathā sapatnyaḥ samānabhartṛkā striyaḥ bhartāraṃ parasparaṃ vā santāpayantyevaṃ | kiñca | ni bādhate saṃpīḍayati amati rajñā[naṃ]sarvārtheṣu saṃmohaḥ nagnatā ca ni bādhate | nagnatayā cātra nirdhanatvaṃ lakṣyate | dāridryañca mā saṃ pīḍayatītyarthaḥ | jasu jasi tāḍane | śatrutāḍanañca nibādhate | kiñca | venaḥ pakṣiṇa iva yathā pakṣiṇo manaḥ kaṃpate śākunikavyathādibhayāt evaṃ pramatiḥ manaḥ vepate śatrubhayāt | śiśnāpaga śiśnoteḥ kaḥ pratyayaḥ | chāndasatvāt sakārasya śakāraḥ | dvivacana prakaraṇe makrūṇādīnāṃ ka ? iti dvirvacanaṃ | 'bahulaṃ chandasīti abhyāsasya itvaṃ | kosyārthaḥ vāyitāni sūtrāṇi tāni hi anna, liptatvāt śaucārhāṇi veṣyantyecaryāmathavā loke śūligghraṃ prajananaṃ prasiddhaṃ tatsādṛśyācca pucchaṃ śiśnamucyate | yathā mūṣikā vāyitāni sūtrāṇi annagandhitvāt svāni vā puccha ni tailabhāṇḍake ghṛtabhāṇḍake vā prakṣipyottārya ca vividhaṃ bhakṣayanti | evaṃ mā māṃ | asaṃpādyamānā ādhyaḥ ādhayaḥ yāgabhogakāmā vividhaṃ ardayanti duḥkhayanti | stotāraṃ santaṃ | te tava | he śatakrato bahukarman patajñātvā sakṛtsatataṃ | naḥ asmān | he maghavan dhanavan indra mṛḷaya īpsitārthapradānena suṣṭhu sukhaya | adha atha | pitā iva priyahitayoḥ naḥ asmākaṃ bhava ||

23.4

nityaḥ kalpāvasthāstat prajāpatiḥ | cakanyāt kāmayatāṃ | kiṃ | sāmarthyād dṛṣṭādṛṣṭaphalaṃ tasmai dātuṃ | svapatiḥ svasāṃ prajānāṃ svāmī | damūnāḥ damamanā vā dāntamanā vā | kasmai | yasmai yajamānāya mahyaṃ | devaḥ savitā | jajāna janitavān | dṛṣṭādṛṣṭaphalaṃ ca dātuṃñchadayan kāmayatāmityetadāśāsmahe vayam ||
mā māṃ kavaṣaṃ | prayuyujre devayāgakarmaṇi prayuktavantaḥ viśvedevāḥ | kīdṛśāḥ | prayujaḥ jagati sthityarthaṃ yāgakarmaṇi dhanadānena prayoktāraḥ | teṣāṃ yajamānānāntaiśca devayāgakarmaṇi prayuktaḥsan ahaṃ vahāmi ‘smottare laṅ ceti, sma śabdayogāt ? bhūte laṅ ūḍhavānasmi prāpitavānasmi | stutīrhavīṃṣi ca | pūṣaṇamādityaṃ prati | ka sthito vahāmi sma | ucyate | antareṇa madhyena | kasya | sāmarthyāt agnīnāndevānāṃ dyāvāpṛthivyorvā | devayāgakarmaṇi prayujya ca | viśve devāsaḥ sarve devāḥ | adha atha | māṃ yajamānaṃ kavaṣākhyaṃ | arakṣan rakṣitavantaḥ | kutaḥ | duśśāsuḥ duśśāsanāt | śatroḥ asurarākṣasādikāt | rakṣitṝṇāñca teṣāndevānāṃ ghoṣaḥ jahi jahītyādi śabdaḥ | āgatsarvasya lokasya karṇapathamāgataḥ | sarveṇa śrūyata iti | etadāsīt abhūdvacanaṃ | evamatīte | kāle | me | teprasādā āsuḥ || idānīṃ deveṣvaprasanneṣu |
indrādidevābhyanujñayā kuruśravaṇaṃ | kurava ṛtvijaucyante karmaṇāṃ kartṛtvāt | teṣāṃ stutīnāṃ śrotāraṃ satatayājinametannāmānaṃ vetyarthaḥ | āvṛṇi maryādayā vṛṇomi prārthaye | devayāgārthandhanaṃ rājānaṃtrāsaddasyavaṃ trasadasyoḥ putraṃ maṃhiṣṭhaṃ atiśayena mahitandātārandhanānāṃ | keṣāmarthāya | vāghatāṃ | vāghata ṛtvija ucyante | yasyetyādityai| nirdiśya mānāvāghātaḥ| teṣāmarthāya ṛṣirahaṃ kaṣaṣaḥ ||

23.5

yat | supāṃ sulugiti dvitīyaikavacanasya luk | heti padapūraṇaḥ | yāṃ stutiṃ yāgakriyāṃ vā | prati kṣumantaḥ | kṣu śabdenānnamucyate | śabde vā | havirlakṣaṇānnavantaḥ śabdavanto vā | stutimantaḥ kīrtimanto vetyarthaḥ | ke | devāḥ sarve | śavasā sarveṇa balena | samāyan samāgatāḥ saṃprāptāḥ | seyamasmadīyā stutiḥ yāgakriyā vā bhūyāḥ | puruṣavyatyayaḥ kāryaḥ | bhūyāḥ bhavatu | kiṃ | sāmarthyād devānāṃ vyāpyā | kimiva | uṣasāmiva kṣāḥ yathoṣaṃ dyāvāpṛthivī | evaṃ devaprasādāt saguṇā bhavatu | saguṇatvācca devāḥ parayā prītyā aṃgabhāvamupagacchanvityavatyarthaḥ ||
labdhvā rājato dhanamanantaraṃ kiṃ karoṣīti ceducyate | yasyetyādityaḥ nirdiśyate | harisaṃbandhāt yasyādityasya[sva]bhūtā haritaḥ tisraḥ hari saṃjñakā aśvāḥ | tayormadhyamāḥ rathe niyuktāssantaḥ| mā māṃ kaṣaṣaṃ yajamānaṃ | prativahanti prāpayantyādityaṃ | kathaṃ vahanti | sādhuyā prathamasyaikavacanasya cchāndasaṃ yāḥ | kriyāviśeṣaṇañcaitat | sādhu śobhanaṃ | stavaiḥ stomi | sahasradakṣiṇe bahudakṣiṇe yajñe japeyādau ? ataḥ paraṃ yasyeti sūktaṃśeṣe mṛte mitrātithau nṛpe upamaśravasaḥ snehādṛṣiḥ śokamapanudat || yasya prasvādaso gira ityanena sūktaṃ śeṣabhūtena caturṛcena bargeṇa mṛte dehāntaraṃ gate sati mitrātithināmni nṛpe rājani upamaśravo nāmnaḥ mitrātithe rājñaḥ putrasya śokaṃ snehādevāpanudat avanītavānṛṣiḥ kaṣaṣaḥ ||

23.6

asya it | icchabdo'tra upamārthe pūrvaśabdācca paro draṣṭavyaḥ | asya yajamānasya | svabhūtā eṣā sumatiḥ sustutiḥ | paprathānā vistāryamāṇā | asmābhiḥ kriyamāṇā ityarthaḥ | abhavat bhūtā saṃvṛttā | pūrvyā it pūrvakālīneva | pūrvasminkāle yādṛśī utkṛṣṭā stutirāsīt tādṛśī idānīmapi saṃjātetyarthaḥ | bhūmanā bhūmnā bahutvena ca yukteti śeṣaḥ | sarvadevasaṃbandhitvāt bahvīva saṃjātetyarthaḥ | gauḥ sarvāndevānprati gantrī ca saṃvṛttetyarthaḥ| etajjñātvā sarve devāḥ| sanīḷāssamānasthānāḥ| asya mama yajamānasya asurasya prajñāvataḥ | svabhūte yonau sthāne yajñākhye vedyākhye vā | samāne sarvadevāḥ | sādhāraṇe bharaṇe sarvasya jagatodhāraṇasamarthe poṣaṇasamarthe ca | ā ityupasargaśruterāgacchanvittiti śeṣaḥ | kathaṃ bhūtā āgacchantu | ucyate | bibhramāṇāḥ dṛṣṭādṛṣṭaphalamasmabhyandhārayantaḥ | gṛhītvetyarthaḥ ||
yasya ūcuṣa ityanayossāmānādhikaraṇyādūcuṣa iti ṣaṣṭhyarthe caturthī | liṭ vātra vartamāne | 'chandasi luṅlaṅliṭa' iti | yasya mitrātithināmno rājñaḥ upamaśravasaḥ tava pituḥ | ūcuṣaḥ bruvataḥ bhāṣamāṇasya | prasvādasaḥ prakarṣaṇasvādvyaḥ madhurāḥ giraḥ vācaḥ dṛṣṭāntena tulyatvasāmarthyāt raṇvaṃ ramaṇīyāḥ cittaprītikarā ityarthaḥ | kimitra | kṣetrannaraṇvaṃ | yathā kṣetrannaraṇvaṃ yathā kṣetraṃ vrīhyādi sasyasaṃpannaṃ raṇvaṃ ramaṇīyaṃ cittaprītikaramevaṃ vākyārthasyāparisamāptatvāt uttarāyā ekavākyatā yojyā ||

23.7

kiṃ svidvanaṃ kiṃ punaḥ tadupādānakāṣṭhamṛtpiṇḍasthānīyamasya praśnasya prativacanasāmarthyāt pradhānamiti draṣṭavyantasyopādānakāraṇatvāt | kaḥ u saḥ vṛkṣaḥ āsa kaśca punastanmūlakāraṇaṃ vṛkṣaḥ pṛthivīsthānaḥ | yasyāvayavaḥ pradhānamupādānakāraṇamasya prativacana mānasaṃbhūyāsthite ? vā | supratiṣṭhite vā ityarthaḥ | ajare jarāvarjite | ita ebhyaḥ prākṛtebhyo devebhyaḥ ūtīravanaṃ rakṣaṇaṃ yayoḥ te itaūtī | sāmarthyāt paramātmā tasya mūla kāraṇatvāt | yataḥ| upādānakāraṇānmūlakāraṇācca dyāvāpṛthivī niṣṭatakṣuḥ | takṣati karoti karmā | niṣkṛṣya kṛtavanto devā viśvasṛjaḥ | kīdṛśyau dyāvāpṛthivyau | santasthāne saṃbhūyasthite vā ityarthaḥ | ajare jarāvarjite | itaūtī ita ebhyaḥ prakṛtebhyo devebhyaḥ ūtīravanaṃ rakṣaṇaṃ yayoste itaūtī | rakṣitetyarthaḥ | athavā itaścetaśca gatirvṛddhirvā yayoste itaūtī | sarvato gate vṛddhe vetyarthaḥ | ahāni pūrvīḥ anādikālapravṛttāḥ | uṣasaśca niṣṭatakṣuḥ devā | ye evaṃ sāmarthyayuktā devāḥ tān sarve stotāraḥ jaranta stuvantītyarthaḥ ||
anuśāsanasya mārgāepadeśasya | uta ata api | sruti mārge | vindati labhate ||
priyavacanena saṃbodhyopamaśravaḥ upamaśravasamṛṣirāha kaṣaṣaḥ | he putra upamaśravaḥ he napān it prāṇātmaka | mitrātithermitrātithināmno rājñaḥ| adhi ihi avagaccha avajānīhi | kimucyate |' pituṣṭe asmi vanditā, pūrvasyāmṛci yasyeti śruteḥ tasyetyadhyāhāryam | tasya pituḥ| te tava upamaśravasasaṃbandhinaḥ | asmi bhavāmi | vanditā stotā purohitaḥ ṛtvigvetyarthaḥ | evaṃ sati | tvāñcāhañca tulyaśokau etajjñātvā mā śokaṃ kārṣīḥ | ahaṃ tava pitṛsthānīyo jīvāmītyabhiprāyaḥ| kiñca ||

23.8

na etāvat | naitāvadevajātaṃ sāmarthyayuktaṃ | kintarhi enā ebhyo devebhyaḥ | para utkṛṣṭaḥ anyadanyaḥ hiraṇyagarbho'sti | ukṣā sektā | prajānāṃ sṛṣṭyarthaḥ | sa hiraṇyagarbhaḥ paramasakṣmo vāyurūpo liṃgātmā antaranupraviśya dyāvāpṛthivī bibharti dhārayati | kiñca | tvacaṃ pavitraṃ mantraṃ tanmayīmātmīyāntvacantanumityarthaḥ | dīptaṃ vā mantraṃ | kṛṇuta karotu | svadhāvān | kadā karoti | yat yadā raśmaḥ tvacaṃ sūrye | haritaḥ aśvān vahanti | tadā devasṛṣṭeḥ prāgityarthaḥ ||
mahābhāgyayogāt sarvātmabhāvāt taddharmatvamāpanna indra stūyate | adya it adyaiva | [ u ] iti padapūraṇaḥ | pra ānīt prāṇiti jīvati | svamāyayā kenacit prāṇirūpeṇādyaiva jātaḥ san adyaiva jīvitvā svecchayā śvo maraṇana iḍyata ityarthaḥ | adya grahaṇañca pradarśanārthaṃ | garbhasrāve tat kṣaṇaṃ jīvati | hiraṇyagarbhātmā āmahāpralayañjīvati | evaṃ sarvatra yathākālaṃ yojyaṃ | kiñca na | jīvanameva kevalammaraṇaṃ vā kālāḥ kurvanti sarvabhūtātmakasya indrasya | kintarhi | amaman | amaṃ roge | rogāñca kurvanti | imā imāni | ahā ahāni kālā ityarthaḥ | kiñca | apīvṛtaḥ vāyvādi sannirodhārthaṃ vastreṇācchāditaḥ śiśurūpa indraḥ | adhayat pivati | svasyāḥ mātuḥ deva manuṣyādi sarvajātisthāyā svabhūtaṃ ūdhaḥ ūdhasthaṃ stanamityarthaḥ | kiñca | ā īmanaṃ āpa | īmiti padapūraṇaḥ | enamindraṃ maryādayā vyāpnoti | jarimā jarābhāvaḥ jaretyarthaḥ | yuvānantaruṇaṃ santaṃ | kiñca | ahelan
akrudhyan | pravasuḥ praśastaḥ | sumanāḥ śobhanabuddhiḥ prasannacittaśca | babhūva bhavati | devādi bhāvesthitaḥ mahābhāgyayogādindro yadyadrūpaṃ kāmayate tad bhavati taddharmoyeti samastārthaḥ ||
yadi | īśīya īśvaro'haṃ syāṃ | amṛtānāndevānāmuta vā martyānāṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ | deva manuṣyādikasya sarvasya maraṇa hetoḥ nirdhāraṇe yadyahaṃ samarthaḥ syāmityarthaḥ | tataḥ kimucyate | jīvet it prāṇāndhārayedeva na mriyeta evetyarthaḥ | maghavā dhanavānīśvaro rājā mitrātithiḥ | mama kaṣaṣasya purohitabhūtasya yājya iti śeṣaḥ | anyacca kaṣaṣa kathyate ||

23.9

stegaḥ | styai ṣṭyai śabdasaṃghātayoḥ | raśmisaṃghāta ādityaḥ | kṣāṃ pṛthivīṃ pṛthvīṃ vistīrṇāṃ | nātyeti nāgacchati tejasā samastānāṃ vyapnoti | pṛthivī stūyate | mihaṃ sarvasya serki | vṛṣṭiṃ | vātaḥ madhyasthāno devo vṛṣṭikarmaṇyadhikṛtaḥ | na ha naiva | vivānti vātirantarṇītaṇyartho draṣṭavyaḥ | vividhaṃ gamayati | bhūma bhūmnā bahutvena | sarvāṃ vṛṣṭinna pātayatyasāmarthyāt sāvaśeṣābheva pātayatītyevaṃ vṛṣṭiḥ stūyate | athavā | stege| raśmisaṃghātarūpamāvividhaṃ gamayati bhūmiṃ prāṃta sāvaśeṣāmeva varṣatīti vātaḥ stūyate | yatra prajāpatau | mitraśca varuṇaśca | kalyāṇaṃ kamanīyaṃ sāmarthyaṃ...... || [ dvātriṃśattamaṃ sūktam ]

23.10

devānāṃ brahmādīnāṃ | vrataṃ karma maryādākāralakṣaṇamityarthaḥ] | atītya śatāyurve puruṣaḥ | daivairyā dayā kṛtā tāṃ svakarmānurūpāñca ullūṃghyate ityarthaḥ | śatātmā ca na bahuśarīravīryamatirapītyarthaḥ | vṛtra rāvaṇādikaḥ na jaṃ vati | kasmāt | yasmāt | tathā tena prakāreṇa | śataṃ varṣāṇi puruṣo jīvatīti svakarmānurūpaścetyanena prakāreṇetyarthaḥ | utpatti sthiti pralaya karaṇena | yujyata iti yuk prajāpatiḥ tena yuñjā prajāpatinā | vivṛte vivartiṃtannirmitaaṅgādityarthaḥ | etajñātvā mā śokaṃ kārṣīḥ ||

Linked texts (1)

Ṛgvedasaṃhitā — Sanskrit