Kaṭha Upaniṣad 2.14

Kaṭhaprakāśikā (Raṅgarāmānuja) 2.14

Language: Sanskrit

2.14

anyatra dharmādanyatrādharmādanyatrāsmāt kṛtākṛtāt |
anyatra bhūtācca bhavyācca yattatpaśyasi tadvada ||

pra.dī. - he mṛtyo ! yat imāṃ yogyaṃ manyase prāpyasvarūpam me vada iti naciketāstvāha - anyatra dharmāt iti | dharmādanyatra - prasiddhopāyabhūta- dharmādanyat vilakṣaṇaṃ yat, adharmādanyatra, adharmaḥ - pūrvokta dharmetaraḥ prasiddhopeyaḥ svargādiḥ, tasmādanyat vilakṣaṇaṃ yat, asmāt kṛtāt - etatkāryaprapañcāt, akṛtāt - kāraṇaprapañcāt, anyatra kāryakāraṇaprapañcavilakṣaṇaṃ yat, bhūtāt - bhūtakālikāt, bhavyāt - bhaviṣyatkālikāt, cakārāt vartamānakālikāt anyatra- anyat,

2.14.p2

kālatrayāparicchinnaṃ yat - paramātmatattvam, tvaṃ paśyasi - he mṛtyo! tvaṃ, tat - paramātmatattvam, vada - mahyaṃ brūhi ityarthaḥ |

2.14.p3

pra. - na hyadhruvaiḥ prāpyate hi dhruvaṃ tat (ka.u.2-10), etacchrutvā samparigṛhya martyaḥ pravṛhya dharmyamaṇumetamāpya | sa modate modanīyaṃ hi labdhvā, (ka.u.2-13), adhyātmayogādhigamena devaṃ matvā dhīro harṣaśokau jahāti (ka.u.2-12) iti pradeśeṣu dharmaphalavilakṣaṇatayā jñānasādhyatayā1 prāpyatayā nirdiṣṭasya prāpyasya svarūpaṃ ca, uktapradeśeṣveva dharmavilakṣaṇatayā matvā iti pratipannasyopāyasya svarūpañca, dhīro harṣaśokau jahāti ityatra dhīra iti pratipannasya prāpnuśca svarūpaṃ ca śodhayituṃ pṛcchati - anyatra dharmādanyatrādharmāt - ityādinā |

2.14.p4

nanu bhāṣye - devaṃ mattvā (ka.u.2-12) ityupāsyatayā nirdiṣṭasya prāpyabhūtasya devasya, adhyātmayogādhigamena iti veditavyatayā nirdiṣṭasya prāptuḥ pratyagātmanaśca, matvā dhīro harṣaśokau jahāti (ka.u.2-12) iti nirdiṣṭasya prāptuḥ ityucyate ? iti cet maivaṃ vocaḥ - adhyātmayogādhigamena iti veditavyatayā nirdiṣṭasya brahmopāsanasya ca svarūpaśodhanāya, punaḥ papraccha. anyatra dharmāt iti ityukteḥ, kathaṃ tadviruddhatayā dhīra iti nirdiṣṭam ātmaśabdavācyaṃ prajāpatividyāpratipannam upāsyaṃ prāpyabhūtaṃ pariśuddhasvasvarūpameva | ataḥ tasyāpi prāpyanirdeśakatvameva | vastugatyā tasya prāpturabhinnatvāt, prāptuḥ pratyagātmanaśca iti bhāṣyam, na virotsyate|

2.14.p5

ataḥ2 prathamaṃ tāvat prāptuḥ pratyagātmanaḥ svarūpamāha - na jāyate mriyate vā vipaścit (ka.u.2-18) iti ityuttarabhāṣyamapi na virotsyate | na hi na jāyate mriyate vā vipaścit iti mantrapratipādyasya vipaścicchabditapariśuddhasvarūpasya, prāptṛrūpatopapattiḥ| ātmendriyamanoyuktaṃ bhoktetyāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ (ka.u.3-4), vijñānasārathiryastu manaḥ pragrahavānnaraḥ | so'dhvanaḥ pāramāpnoti tadviṣṇoḥ paramaṃ padam| (ka.u.3-9) iti mantrapratipādyasyaiva prāptṛrūpatvāt | tathaiva viśeṣaṇācca (bra.sū.1-2-12) iti sūtrabhāṣye pratipāditatvāt | ataeva prāpyaprāptaikādhikaraṇyanirdeśapare guhāmantre,1 chāyātapau ityatra ajñatvavācinā chāyāśabdena nirdeśo dṛṣṭaḥ; na tu vipaścicchabdena | ataḥ yathokta evārthaḥ |

2.14.p6

ayaṃ mantraḥ vyāsāryaiḥ trayāṇām (bra.sū.1-4-6) iti sūtre vivṛtaḥ - dharmaḥ upāyaḥ | dharmādanyatra -

2.14.p7

prasiddhopāyavilakṣaṇa upāyaḥ ityarthaḥ | adharmaḥ - dharmetara upeyaḥ | adharmādanyatra - prasiddhasādhyavilakṣaṇaṃ phalamityarthaḥ | asmāt iti buddhisthaḥ tatsādhako vivakṣitaḥ | sa evopetā | sa hi prasiddhopetṛsādhakavilakṣaṇaḥ, sādhakāvasthāyām itaraphalaviraktatvāt, phaladaśāyām āvirbhūtaguṇāṣṭakavi- śiṣṭasvarūpatvācca | kṛtākṛtāditi - dharmādīnāṃ viśeṣaṇam | kṛtākṛtāt dharmādervilakṣaṇaṃ bhūtācca bhavyācca dharmādervilakṣaṇam yadityarthaḥ ityekāṃ vyākhyāṃ kṛtvā, tasmin pakṣe tu kṛtākṛtāt bhūtādbhavyācca dharmādanyatra, tādṛśādadharmādanyatra, tādṛśādasmāccānyatra iti anyatraśabdatrayeṇaiva upapattau, anyatra bhūtādbhavyācca ityanyatraśabdavaiyarthyam, upāyasya kālatrayaparicchinnatayā tatra kālatrayaparicchinna- vailakṣaṇyānanvayaṃ ca paryālocya, yadvā ityādinā aparā vyākhyā kṛtā | taducyate - yadvā dharmādadharmācca anyatra iti upāsanapraśnaḥ; puṇyapāparūpasādhanavilakṣaṇatvāt upāsanasya, kṛtā kṛtāt bhūtāt bhavyāccānyatra yat iti kālāparicchinnamupeyaṃ pṛṣṭam | upeturapi cetanasya nityatvāt, prāpyāntarbhāvācca, tata eva tasyāpi tantreṇa praśnaḥ | tadantargataṃ ca prāptuḥ svarūpam iti hi vakṣyate | tatra (traya iti?) yattacchabdau tritayaparāviti bhāvaḥ iti |

2.14.p8

nanu asminnapi pakṣe - praṣṭavyadvayaparatvāśrayaṇamapi kliṣṭameva; anyatra dharmādanyatrādharmāditi prakramasthānyatraśabdadvayasāmānādhikaraṇyavat anyatrāsmātkṛtā- kṛtāt, anyatra bhūtādityuparitanānyatraśabdadvayasyāpi sāmānādhikaraṇyasyaiva pratīteḥ | yadi tatra dharmādharmavilakṣaṇaṃ yacca, kālatrayaparicchinnavilakṣaṇaṃ yacca iti ca śabdadvayam aśroṣyata tadā, anyatra śabdayugadvayasya svarasataḥ pratītaṃ sāmānādhikaraṇyam, paryatyakṣyata1 | ataḥ prakramarītyanusāripratītasāmānādhikaraṇyabhaṅge kāraṇābhāvāt, anyatra dharmādanyatrādharmādityayamapyaṃśaḥ prāpyabrahmapara evā'stu |

2.14.p9

na ca1 nāyamātmā pravacanena labhyo na medhayā (ka.u.2-23) iti upāyaviśeṣaprativacanadarśanena upāyaviśeṣapraśnasyāpi atraiva anyatarbhāvyatayā ca śabdābhāve'pi anyatra śabdayugadvayasya sāmānādhikaraṇyaṃ bhañjanīyam iti cenna; prativacane'pi nāyamātmā pravacanena labhyaḥ iti prītirūpāpannajñānaikalabhyatvalakṣaṇaprāpyadharmaviśeṣopadeśasyaiva darśanena upāyapradhānaprati -vacanādarśanāt | nāśāntamānaso vāpi prajñānenainamāpnuyāt (ka.u.2-24) yastvavijñānavān bhavati amanaskaḥ sadā'śuciḥ | na sa tatpadamāpnoti (ka.u.3-7) iti prativacanadarśanādanyatra dharmādanyatreti prasiddhopāyavirodhipraśnaḥ2 ityapi kiṃ na syāt? prāpyasya prītirūpāpannajñānaikopāyakatvakathanena, upāye prītirūpāpannatvarūpaviśeṣaḥ phaliṣyati iti cet; phalatu nāma | na etāvatopāyasya praśnaprativacanapradhānaviṣayatvam vaktavyam ityasti | kiṃ3 devadattabhavanam ? iti praśnasya vā, bahucampakālaṃkṛtaniṣkuṭaṃ1 dvāropāntalikhitaśaṅkhacakrapadmakaṃ devadattabhavanam iti tatpraśnaprativacanasya vā, niṣkuṭadvāropāntapradhānakatvaṃ kaścidabhyupaiti | ataḥ anyatradharmādanyatrādharmāt ityapi anyatraśabdacatuṣṭaya sāmānādhikaraṇyalipsayā, dharmādharmasādhyavilakṣaṇabrahmaviṣaya evāyam iti cet -

2.14.p10

atrocyate - asau devadattādutpanno na bhavati; api tu yajñadattāt iti vākyaṃ śrutvā, devadattādanyaṃ yaṃ paśyasi taṃ me brūhi iti pravṛttasya prativacanasya, devadattānyayajñadattaparatvavat, lakṣaṇayā devadattaputrānyapraśnaparatvasyāpratīteḥ; tadvat karmasādhyaṃ na4; api tu jñānasādhyam iti upadeśānantarapravṛttasya dharmādanyatra iti praśnasya, dharmavilakṣaṇajñānarūpopāyaparatvameva yaktam; na tu dharmaśabdalakṣaṇayā dharmasādhyavilakṣaṇabrahmaparatvam | tathā adharmādanyatra ityatrāpi sāmānādhikaraṇyena upāyaparatvameva niścitam | kālatrayaparicchinnavilakṣaṇavācake uparitanānyatra -

2.14.p11

śabdadvaye kālatrayāparicchinnopāyaparāmarśāsambhavāt, sāmānādhikaraṇyabhaṅgena prāpyaparatvameva yuktam | nīlo dīrgho rakto hrasvaḥ kaḥ? ityukte, nīladīrghapadayoḥ avirodhāt, sāmānādhikaraṇyaṃ siddhyati | raktahrasvayośca parasparāvirodhāt, sāmānādhikaraṇyaṃ siddhyati | na tu caturṇāṃ ca śabdābhāve'pi sāmānādhikaraṇyaṃ dṛṣṭam| api tu puruṣadvayapraśnaparatvameva | evam ihāpi yacchabdānvita ca śabdadvayābhāve'pi,

2.14.p12

na sāmānādhikaraṇyam avagāhyate 1 | astu vā bhavaduktarītyā sāmānādhikaraṇyam; athāpi praśnaprativacanayoḥ, dvitīyavyākhyāyāṃ upeyapraśne upetrantarbhāvavat, upāyasyāpi antarbhūtatvāt trayāṇāmeva caivamupanyāsaḥ praśnaśca (bra.sū.1-4-6) iti sūtranirdiṣṭopāyopetṛpraśnaprativacanasya sughaṭitatayā kṣateḥ abhāvāt; tat te padaṃ saṅgraheṇa bravīmi (ka.u.2-15) iti padaśabditaprāpyasyaiva prativacanapratipādyatvasya spaṣṭaṃ pratīteḥ ityalaṃ prasaktānuprasaktā2 | prakṛtamanusarāmaḥ |

2.14.p13

ā.bhā. - adhyātmayogādhigamena devaṃ matvā dhīro harṣaśokau jahāti (ka.u.2-12) ityatra mṛtyunā adhyātmayogādhigamaśabdena samupadiṣṭamupāyam, devam ityanena sūcitam | upeyam mattvā dhīraḥ, jahāti ityetaiḥ padaiḥ bodhitam | upetārañca sāmānyataḥ avagatya viśeṣataḥ tajjñānāya, naciketāḥ pṛcchati - anyatra iti | dharmāt - vidheyatayā vedabodhitāt puṇyāparaparyāyāt, karmarūpāt prasiddhāt, svargādiphalakādupāyāt, anyatra - anyat, tathā adharmāt - niṣiddhatayā vedabodhitāt pāpā'paraparyāyāt, prasiddhāt narakādiphalakāt karmarūpāt upāyāt, anyatra bhinnam, tatprasiddham upāyāntaram, yat tvaṃ paśyasi, tadvada - upadiśa | prasiddhopāyabhūta dharmādharmabhinnam upāyāntaraṃ yatpaśyasi tvam, tat vinītāya viśeṣato jijñāsave mahyam, bodhaya ityarthaḥ | anena nityaphalasādhanabhūtaḥ upāsanarūpa upāyaḥ pṛṣṭaḥ | anyatra asmātkṛtākṛtāt | kṛtañcākṛtañca iti samāhāradvandvaḥ; ataeva ekavadbhāvaḥ1 | tasmādanyatra bhinnam | tasmāt asmādbuddhikāryātmanā yadavasthitaṃ tat kṛtaṃ yacca kāraṇasvarūpeṇāvasthitaṃ tadakṛtamityucyate | sarvameva ihaloke paraloke vā prāpyavastukāryarūpaṃ kāraṇarūpameva vā; na tato'tiriktarūpam | na ca tayoḥ anyatarasya dvayorvā prāptyā, harṣaśokaparihāraṃ dṛṣṭacaram2, ataḥ yatprāptiḥ harṣaśokāpahārāya kalpeta tatprāpyam kṛtādakṛtācca anyadeva bhavet | tasya svarūpaṃ vijñātuṃ spṛhayālave3 mahyaṃ samyak vada iti | anena paramātmarūpaprāpyaviṣayakaḥ praśnaḥ kṛtaḥ | anyatra bhūtācca bhavyācca | bhūtāt - atītāt kālāt, cakāreṇa atītakālāvacchinnādapi anyatra - anyat| bhavyāt - bhaviṣyataḥ kālāt, cet na; bhaviṣyatkālāvacchinnādapi anyat| anenaiva dvitīyena cakāreṇa vartamānakālaḥ, tatparicchinnaṃ vastu ca upalakṣitam | ataḥ vartamānakālāt tatparicchinnavastunaśca bhinnaṃ yadvastu dhīro jahāti ityanena ca sūcitam, tadupetṛsvarūpameveti, tadapi śraddhālave mahyam upadiśa ityarthaḥ | anena upetuḥ svarūpaṃ pṛṣṭam | yadvā - bhūtāt bhavyāt asmātkṛtākṛtādanyatra ityanena militena prāpyasvarūpe pṛṣṭe, prāptuḥ svarūpamapi pṛṣṭaṃ bhavati; prāptuḥ svarūpasyāpi prāpyāntarbhāvāt | muktidaśāyāṃ, prāptā svīyaṃ brāhmaṃ svarūpamapi guṇāṣṭakaviśiṣṭaṃ prāpnotyeva | tasyāpi ca kṛtākṛtāvilakṣaṇatva kālāparicchinnatvaṃ ca nityatvādeva bodhyam | etanmantre upāyopetroḥ praśnaḥ, tantreṇa kṛto naciketaseti dyotito bhavati |

2.14.p14

su. - evaṃ saṅgṛhya uktamarthaviśeṣaṃ viśiṣya jñātukāmo naciketāḥ pṛcchati - anyatra iti | dharmādadharmācca anyatra yatpaśyasi - puṇyādapuṇyācca vilakṣaṇaṃ yat sādhanaṃ paśyasi, tadvada | loke śubhāyāśubhāya vā phalāya puṇyaṃ pāpam iti sādhanaṃ prasiddham | devaṃ matvā

Linked texts (1)

Kaṭhopaniṣad — Sanskrit