Kaṭha Upaniṣad 2.18

Kaṭhaprakāśikā (Raṅgarāmānuja) 2.18

Language: Sanskrit

2.18

aṣṭādaśamantraḥ
[ avināśi pratyagātmasvarūpakathanam ]
na jāyate mriyate vā vipaścinnāyaṃ kutaścinna babhūva kaścit |
ajo nityaḥ śāśvato'yaṃ purāṇo na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre ||

pra.dī. - na jāyate mriyate ityādi mantradvayena pratyagātmasvarūpamāha - ayaṃ vipaścit1 - vidvān jñānasvarūpaḥ jīvaḥ, na jāyate | ata eva na mriyate - na maraṇaṃ prāpnoti kutaścidapi | ayaṃ na bhavati na kopyutpādakaḥ tasya na babhūva kaścit pūrvaṃ manuṣyādiḥ kaścidrūpopi na jātaḥ na jāyate ityatra hetumāha - ajaḥ nityaḥ śāśvataḥ - sārvakālikaḥ | purāṇaḥ - prācīnaḥ, śarīre hanyamāne'pi ayam jīvo, na hanyate - loke hantṛhatāviti vyavahāro'sti iti cet; na |

2.18.p2

pra. - prathamaṃ tāvat pratyagātmasvarūpamāha - na jāyate mriyate vā ityādinā mantradvayena | idaṃ ca prastutya vyāsāryaiḥ itthaṃ hi! uktam - idaṃ mantradvayaṃ tāvat ekaviṣayam; na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre ityetadvivaraṇarūpatvāt dvitīyamantrasya | hantā cet (ka.u.2-19) iti mantraśca jīvaviṣaya eva; lokasya paramātmani hantṛhantavyabhāvapratipattyabhāvāt | paramātmā hi pratyakṣāgocaraḥ ; kathaṃ tasmin vadhyatādipratipattiḥ ? ahamenaṃ hanmi, ayaṃ māṃ hantum āgacchati iti vadhyaghātukabhāvābhimāno hi dehināṃ jīvaviṣaya eva | nanu nāsya jarayaitajjīryati (chāṃ.u.8-1-5) itivat paramātmano'pi hananapratiṣedhaḥ upapadyate |

2.18.p3

satyam; daharākāśasya1 dehāntaḥsthityā śaṃkitavikāraniṣedhaḥ upapadyate | iha tu lokasiddhā bhrāntiḥ anūdya nirasyate | na hi paramātmani vadhyaghātukabhāvabhrāntiḥ kasyāpyasti | ataḥ anuvādaniṣedhau anupapannau | na jāyate iti mantraśca tenaikārthaḥ | ataḥ mantradvayamapi jīvaviṣayakameva iti | akṣarārthastu - na jāyate mriyate vā vipaścit vipaścitvārho'yam, idānīmapi jananamaraṇaśūnya ityarthaḥ | nāyaṃ kutaścit - utpādakaśūnyaḥ | na babhūva kaścit - pūrvamapi manuṣyādirūpeṇa jananaśūnyaḥ | na jāyate ityatra hetumāha - aja iti | na mriyate ityatra hetumāha - nitya iti | na kutaścit ityatra hetumāha - śāśvata iti | pūrvaṃ na babhūva ityatra hetumāha - purāṇa iti | nanu kathamasya nityatvam ? śarīrāntarvartinaḥ śarīravināśānuvināśitvāvaśyambhāvāt ityata āha - na hanyate iti | spaṣṭo'rthaḥ|

2.18.p4

ā.bhā. - evam oṃkārasya brahmopāsanāyām utkṛṣṭālambanatvamabhidhāya upāsakasya pratyagātmanaḥ svarūpam upadiśati prathamam - na jāyate ityādi mantradvayena | vipaścit - svarūpato medhāvī, ayamātmā, na jāyate - notpadyate | mriyate atrāpi nañaḥ sambandhāt, na mriyate - na naśyati | vā śabdaḥ samuccayārthaḥ | tena ca janmamaraṇena asya pratyagātmano bhavataḥ ityarthaḥ | ayam - pratyagātmā jīvaḥ, kutaścit - utpādakāt kāraṇāt, na - utpannaḥ nāsti ityarthaḥ | utpādakameva asya na kimapi asti ityetat | na jāyate ityanena utpattiḥ niṣiddhā na kutaścit ityanena tu utpattikāraṇaṃ niṣiddhamiti ubhayathā niṣedhasya nityatvadṛḍhīkaraṇe tātparyamato na paunaruktyamiti dhyeyam | kaścit - devamanuṣyādirūpārthāntarabhūto'pi, na babhūva - svayamapi na, kadāpi na jāta ityarthaḥ| anena svato'pi utpattimatvaṃ niṣidhyate iti bhāvaḥ | ayamātmā ajaḥ - ajāyamānatvādeva ajaḥ ityucyate ityarthaḥ | nityaḥ - avināśitvādeva ca nityaḥ iti vyavahriyate śāstreṣu ityarthaḥ | śāśvataḥ1 - śaśvat nirantaramekarūpeṇa tiṣṭhati iti śāśvataḥ sadaikarūpaḥ | yataḥ tasya utpādako nāsti yasya tu utpādakaḥ sa kadācit rūpāntaramapi upaiti | punaḥpunaḥ kriyamāṇe vastuni rūpāntarabhāvasya darśanāt ayaṃ na tathā kadāciditi bhāvaḥ | purāṇaḥ - purā - pūrvaṃ manuṣyādirūpeṇa kadāpi na babhūva ityayaṃ purāṇaḥ anādiḥ yo hi śāśvataḥ sa purāṇaḥ iti gīyata eveti bhāvaḥ | yadevaṃ ayaṃ pratyagātmā, tasmāt śarīre śastrādibhiḥ, hanyamāne - hiṃsyamāne, na hanyate - na hiṃsyate śāśvatanityasya śastrādighātaiḥ avyāpādyatvāt | śarīrāntargatatvāt asya śarīraghāte hananam avarjanīyam iti cet! bhrānto'si! vināśaśīlameva tadantargataṃ tadvināśe vinaśyati | na atatsvabhāvam | yathā śarīrāntaḥsthitam ākāśam ; tathaiva ca ayamātmā, ato na naśyatīti bhāvaḥ |

2.18.p5

su. - evamupavarṇya prāpyasya mahimānaṃ, prāptuḥ pratyagātmanaḥ svarūpamāha - na jāyate iti | svarūpato vipaścidayamātmā, na jāyate mriyate vā notpadyate, nāpi naśyati | nāyaṃ kutaścit - utpādakādutpadyate; na kimapi asyotpādakamityarthaḥ | utpattiniṣedhena nityatve siddhe, utpādakaniṣedhaḥ dārḍhyāya | na babhūva kaścit - devādiṣu anyatamo'pi na asau babhūva | yaścāyaṃ vyavahāraḥ - jāyate, mriyate, devadattādyajñadatto jātaḥ bālo'yaṃ yuvā babhūva, vṛddho babhūva ityevamādiḥ | saḥ ātmasvarūpaṃ spṛśati | te hi bhāvāḥ vikāridravyasya | ayamātmā hi na tathā | ajaḥ -

2.18.p6

janiśūnyaḥ | nityaḥ - nāśaśūnyaḥ | śāśvataḥ - śaśvadekarūpaḥ, purāṇaḥ anādiḥ | yadyapi hanyate nāma; paraṃ kiṃ hanyata iti vicāryam | na hanyate tu

Linked texts (1)

Kaṭhopaniṣad — Sanskrit