Kaṭha Upaniṣad 5
Ṭīkā 5
- Language
- Sanskrit
5.1
1bhārūpamātraṃ brahma asti cet tat kiṃ na sarvaiḥ dṛśyate ? ato na hi tat bhārūpamātraṃ brahma astītyāśaṃkya svakāryavicitraviśvadarśanāt tatkāraṇatayā sanmātraṃ brahmāstīti mantavyaṃ, “paśyatehāpi sanmātramasadanyat ” iti śruteḥ | nirāvṛtānāṃ sanmātratvena bhāsate | tadviparītānāmulūkasthānīyatvena pracaṇḍamadhyāhnamārtāṇḍavadbhāsamānabhāmātraṃ brahma na hi dṛśyate, teṣāṃ sthūladṛṣṭitvāt | tadaṅgīkṛtasaṃsāravṛkṣanirūpaṇena tanmūlaṃ brahmāstīti tairapi nirṇetuṃ śakyamiti tannirṇayāyeyaṃ vallī prārabhyate—ūrdhvamūla ityādinā | yattadviṣṇoḥ paramaṃ padaṃ niṣpratiyogikatayā svamātramavaśiṣyate tasya sarvonnatatvenordhvatvamuktam | na hi tatrāsallaukikādyaṣṭadṛṣṭimohaḥ prasaret | vastutastathāpyanādisiddhasvājñasvadṛṣṭimavaṣṭabhya svāvidyāpadatattkāryāropāpavādādhikaraṇaṃ vā ūrdhvamucyate | satyeva bhittisthānīye brahmaṇi citrasthānīyaviśvarcanā upapadyate | yata evamataḥ svātiriktāropādhikaraṇam ūrdhvaṃ brahma | tadeva hi mūlaṃ yasya saṃsāravṛkṣasya so'yaṃ ūrdhvamūlaḥ | avikalpānujñaikarasādiviśvaviśvāntātmāvāsayogyaturyasvāpādijāgrajjāgradantā hyavāk śākhā yasya avidyāpadavṛkṣasya so'yaṃ avākśākhaḥ | śvastiṣṭhatīti viśvāsārhaḥ śvasthaḥ | sa viśvāso yatra na labhyate so'yaṃ eṣo'śvatthaḥ | 2sakāralopaśchāndasaḥ | paramārthadṛṣṭyā satkalpo'pi svājñadṛṣṭyā sanātanaḥ | svājñānakālamārabhya svajñānāvadhipravṛttatvāt sanātanatvam | itthaṃbhūtāvidyāpadāśvattho yatrānuvṛttervyāvṛttastadanuvṛttacaitanyaṃ hi tanmūlaṃ tatkalpanāspadatvāt | aśvatthakalpanāyā avastvāśrayatvena vastuno vastvāspadatvānupapattyāṃ yannirādhiṣṭhānaṃ brahmamātramavaśiṣyate tadeva śukraṃ bhārūpamātratvāt | tanmātratayopabṛṃhaṇāt tadeva brahma | tanmātrāvasthānalakṣaṇakaivalyāmṛtamapi tadevetyucyate | tasmin paramārthasatye brahmaṇi svājñādidṛṣṭyā svātiriktātmatvasatyatvavyāvahārikatvaprātibhāsikatvādirūpeṇa lokyanta iti lokāḥ samāśritāḥ santaste sarve svotpattisthitilayeṣvapi tadu brahma nātivartante, mṛtsattātiriktasattāviralaghaṭādivat brahmasattātiriktasattvāvairalyāt | “vācārambhaṇaṃ vikāro nāmadheyaṃ mṛttiketyeva
satyam” iti śrutyanurodhena kaścanāpi vikāraḥ tadu brahma nātyeti nātivartate | vācārambhaṇavikṛteḥ paramārthadṛṣṭyā labdhātmakatvena svaprakṛtyā brahmamātramavaśiṣyate | etadvai tat ityuktārthaṃ brahma astyevetyarthaḥ |
brahmaṇo'gnyādipravṛttiḥ
5.2
kathaṃ punastadbhayāt seśvaraṃ gat pravartata iyata āha--bhayāt iti | asya parameśvarasya bhayādagnistati | bhayāttapati sūryaḥ | asya bhayādagnisūryendravāyumṛtyavo'pi tacchāsanukaṇaṃ prati niyamanudhāvanti | nāsati tacchāsake tatpravṛttiniyamenopapadyate | vātādyo mahāsattvāḥ svatantrā bāhuśālinaḥ | yasya bhītyā pravartante sve sve karmaṇi bhṛtyavat || iti śruteḥ bhayakāraṇamīśvarākhyaṃ brahmāstyevetyarthaḥ |
5.3
kathaṃ punarviśvamūlatvena brahmāstitvaṃ bravīṣi ? asataḥ saddhetutvāvagamāt, “asataḥ sajjāyeta” iti śruteḥ asadeva brahmetyāśaṃkyāsataḥ saddhetutvābhāsānuvādiśruteḥ “sadeva somyedamagra āsīt” ityādiśrutibādhitatvena viśvamūlaṃ brahmāmyeṣva | yadvijñānasamakālamamṛtatvaṃ śrūyate tadastītyavagantavyamityāha— yadidaṃ iti | satyeva prāṇe paramakāraṇabhūte brahmaṇi yatkiñca kiñcit idaṃkārgyaṃ jagat sarvaṃ acetanamapi ejati calati | tattata eva niḥsṛtaṃ mat niyamena pracalati | tadetajjagatkāraṇam | mahadbhayaṃ mahacca tat bibhetyasmāditi bhayaṃ ceti vajramudyataṃ vajrodyatakarendraśāsanabhṛtyavat seśvaraṃ jagadaviśrāntaṃ svavyāpṛtau pravartate | tatpravṛttinimittaṃ brahma astyeva | pravartanīyaviṣayābhāvatastannimittāpāye nirnimittaṃ niṣpratiyogikabrahmamātramavaśiṣyata iti ye brahmavidvarīyāṃso viduretat brahma tadvedanasamakālaṃ te'mṛtāḥ videhamuktā bhavanti ityarthaḥ | 'jñānasamakālameva muktaḥ” iti śruteḥ |
brahmajñānānmuktiḥ tadajñānādvandhaśca
5.4
ihaiva bhayakāraṇaṃ brahmayāthātmyaṃ jñātavyam | anyathā bhavapatanaṃ syādityāha—iha cet iti | svaśarīrasya visrasaḥ visraṃsanāt patanāt prāk ihaiva bhayahetubrahmayāthātmyaṃ śrutyācāryamukhato boddhuṃ avagantuṃ aśakat śaktaḥ cet so'yamihaiva saṃsārabandhanānmucyate | na hi cet aśakat boddhuṃ tato'navabodhāt ^2svājñānāt yeṣu sṛjyante sraṣṭavyāḥ prāṇino bhūrādayo lokāsteṣu sargeṣu lokeṣu śarīratvāya nānāvidhaśarīrabhāvāya kalpate nānāyoniṣu śarīraparamparāmanubhavati | tasmāt svaśarīrapatanādarvāgeva bhayakāraṇayāthātmyāvagataye yatnaḥ kartavya ityarthaḥ | iha cedavedīdatha satyamasti na cedihāvedīnmahatī vinaṣṭiḥ | iti śruteḥ |
lokāntarebhya ihaivātmajñāne viśeṣaḥ
iha lokāntare vā ātmadarśanasyāvāntaraphalabhedamāha--yathādarśa iti | yathā ādarśe pratibimbaṃ paśyati lokaḥ tathā iha ātmani antaḥkaraṇe darpaṇavannirmale vedāntaśravaṇādisādhananiṣpannabrahmayāthātmyadarśanaṃ bhavatītyarthaḥ | yathā jāgradvāsanājanitasvapne sarvamaviviktatayāspaṣṭatayā bhāti, tathā karmaphalabhogāsaktijanakapitṛloke śravaṇaprasakterabhāvāt | pramādato yadi syāt tatrāspaṣṭamevātmatattvaṃ jānāti | avibhaktāvayavamātmarūpaṃ yathāpsu paridadṛśe iva na hi yathāvat paridṛśyate tathāspaṣṭamevātmadarśanaṃ, gandharvaloke gandharvalokaḥ sarvalokopakṣaṇārthaḥ ; sarvatrāspaṣṭamavagamyata ityarthaḥ | brahmaloke tāvat chāyātapayoriva atyantavispaṣṭamavagamyate | so'yaṃ brahmaloko hi duṣprāpaḥ, samuccitajñānakarmayogasaṃnyāsasādhyatvāt | yata evamataḥ sarvathā ihāsmin loka eva buddhimatā svātmadarśanaśravaṇādiyatnaḥ kartavya ityāśayaḥ |
5.6
tathā cet kena prakāreṇātmā jñātavyaḥ ? kiṃ vā tadadhigame prayojanaṃ ? tatrāha--indriyāṇāṃ iti | ākāśādisvasvakāraṇebhyaḥ utpadyamānānāṃ śrotrādīndriyāṇāṃ svasvaviṣayamātragrahaṇavyagratvena mitho viruddhatvāt sadaikarasabrahmaṇa indriyebhyaḥ pṛthagbhāvaṃ indriyajātavailakṣaṇyaṃ tathā jāgratsvāpāvasthāyattau indriyāṇāṃ utpattipralayau nātmana iti viditvā dhīro brahmavidvarīyān anātmāpahnavasiddhātmā niṣpratiyogikasvamātramiti matvā śocanīyaviṣayābhāvāt na śocati “tarati śokamātmavit” iti śruteḥ |
5.7
tadapekṣayā puruṣaḥ paraḥ vyāpako hi, vyāpakāyamānākāśāderapi kāraṇatvāt | vastutastu aliṅgaḥ svādheyaprapañcanirūpitādhārādiliṅgaviralatvāt, “ yasya liṅgaṃ prapañcaṃ vā ” iti śruteḥ | svasiddhiliṅgāyamānasvātiriktaṃ jagat yatrātmatvasatyatvavyāvahārikatvaprātibhāsikatvādirūpeṇa liṅgyate gamyate talliṅgam | tadyatrāpahnavapadaṃ bhajati so'yamaliṅgaḥ | tasya evacaśabdābhyāṃ niṣpratiyogikatvaṃ dyotyate | jantuḥ pumān śrutyācāryamukhato yathāvat yatsvarūpaṃ jñātvā tajjñānasamakālaṃ svātiriktāstitābhramādvimucyate | kiñca svādhiṣṭheyaśarīrādau paradṛṣṭyā sthite gate satyapi amṛtatvaṃ ca gacchati | jīvanneva sadā muktaḥ kṛtārtho brahmavittamaḥ | upādhināśādbrahmaiva san brahmāpyeti nirdvayam || iti, upādhisattve'pyabhimānahānādbrahmātmavidbrahma bhavenna cānyaḥ | iti, abhito brahmanirvāṇaṃ vartate viditātmanām | iti ca śruteḥ, prabhokteḥ, smṛteśca | so'yamaliṅgaḥ paramātmetyarthaḥ |
5.8
svapṛthagbhūtendriyāṇāmayamātmā na bhavatītyākāṅkṣāyāmāha--indriyebhya iti | parāgbhāvamāpannaśrotrādīndriyebhyo manasaḥ pratyagrūpatvādinidriyāpekṣayā manasaḥ paratvam | evaṃ sarvatra yojanīyam | manaso'pi buddhiśabdavācyasattvamuttamam | atha anantaraṃ tasmāt ātmā hiraṇyagarbha uttamaḥ | tadapekṣayā avyaktam |
5.9
yadyevamaliṅgaḥ tadā tadadhigamopāyaḥ kaḥ ? iti tatrāha- na saṃdṛśa iti | asya ātmano rūpaṃ saṃdṛśe samyak darśanaṃ jñānaṃ tadviṣayo ghaṭādiprapañcaḥ tatra na tiṣṭhati | kaścana kaścidapi lokaḥ enaṃ prakṛtaṃ ātmānaṃ cakṣuṣā cakṣurindriyopalakṣitasarvendriyeṇāpi na paśyati śṛṇoti vā, na śṛṇoti na spṛśatītyarthaḥ | tarhi kathaṃ tamātmānaṃ paśyellokaḥ ? iti tatrāha-hṛdeti | hṛcchabdena tatsthabuddhirucyate | hṛdā buddhyā | saṃkalpādivṛttimanmanaso niyantṛtvena īṣṭe iti marnāṭ tayā manīṣā | dhiyassattvāsattvasattvapariṇāmarūpākhaṇḍākāravṛttyā tasyā api svātiriktahetostadapahnavasiddhaṃ brahmamātramiti mananarūpeṇa manasā samyagjñānena abhiklṛptaḥ abhiprāśitaḥ san svamātratayā jñātuṃ śakyata iti vākyaśeṣaḥ | evaṃ enaṃ svamātratayā ye viduste tadvedanasamakālaṃ amṛtā bhavanti, "tamevaṃ jñātvā vidvāṃsa ihaivāmṛtā bhavanti " iti śruteḥ |
viṣayādivyāvṛttamanaso brahmaṇi sthiratā
5.10
yogina etādṛśīmavasthāmasparśayogaṃ brahmāhurityāha—tāṃ iti | yā brahmamātratayāvasthitiruktā tāmeva brahmavidvarīyāṃso'sparśayogākhyaṃ brahmeti manyante | brahmamātrasthiterbrahmamātratvena prabhavāpyayaviralatvāt tadupāyatvena svabāhyāntaḥkalanāropāpavādādhikaraṇatvena svājñasvajñadṛṣṭibhyāṃ sthira īśvare pratyagabhinnaparamātmani vā tadbhāvāpattyā sthirāṃ svasvaviṣayavismaraṇapūrvakaṃ karmajñānendriyāntaḥkaraṇadhāraṇāṃ vā yogamiti manyante | yadaivaṃ sādhanasapannastadā brahmavit apramattaḥ pramādavarjito bhavati | na hi vismṛtaviṣayakaraṇagrāmasthiradhāraṇāvataḥ pramādasparśanamasti | tasmāt sthiravastvindriyadhāraṇāt prāgevāpramādo vidhīyate | yadvā— yadaiva sthiravastvindriyadhāraṇā tadānīmevāpramattatvam , "apramattastadā bhavati" ityuktatvāt | kathamevaṃ ? ityata āha—yogo hi iti | asparśayogetarayogapūgo'nusandhānarāhityādinavavighnānavakāśapradānāt prabhavati | anusandhānāderavakāśapradānādapyayameti | evaṃ prabhavāpyayau vā bhajatīti saṃbhūtipralayadharmaka ityarthaḥ | yāvadupaiyayogādhigamastāvadapramādaḥ kartavya ityatra—
5.11
hṛdā manīṣā manasā ca kathaṃ punarātmā jñātuṃ śakyaḥ ? hṛnmanīṇamanasāṃ jāgrajjāgradādisvāpaturyāntadvādaśāvasthāvyāpṛtatvāt | tadvyāpṛtyarhāvasthāyā api ātmāvaraṇabhedapratītyavāstavatvādivoṣaduṣṭatvāt | jāgrajjāgradāderevaṃdoṣaduṣṭatve'pi turyāvasthāpravibhaktajāgradādyavasthātrayaṃ nirduṣṭam | tadavaṣṭamya hṛdādirātmānaṃ jānātīti cenna ; tasyāpi samānadoṣavatvāt | tasya brahmamātravedanopāyatve'pi dvādaśāvasthāvadātmāvaraṇādestulyatvāt kathaṃ hṛdādirātmānaṃ jānāti ? iti śaṅkāyāṃ turyāvasthāpravibhaktāvasthātrayāvalambanato hṛdādīnātmā jñātuṃ śakya ityāhayadā iti | turyajāgaraṇe svāntarbahirvijṛṃbhitaviṣayābhāsasattve'pi “ brahmaivedaṃ sarvaṃ ” iti śrutyanurodhena jñānārthatvāt pañca jñānāni śrotrādīni śabdādipañcaviṣayābhāsāgrahaṇapūrvakaṃ brahmākāratayā svayaṃ avatiṣṭhante | hṛcchabdavācyeyaṃ tadavasthā turyajāgraducyate | “ sa yaścāyaṃ puruṣe yaścāsāvāditye sa ekaḥ ” iti śrutyarthapratyagabhinnaṃ brahmāsmīti yadā śrotrādivyāpāroparatipūrvakaṃ saṃkalpādivṛttijātāgrahaṇapūrvakaṃ ca bāhyāntarvyāpāroparamaṇabrahmasākṣātkārapariṇatamanasaivābhāsanirvikalpakatayā mano'vatiṣṭhate seyamavasthā manīdṛkśabdavācyaturyasvapna ucyate |
iti śrutyanurodhena yadā 'kevalena nirvikalpāyamānaguṇasāmyātmanā dhyātrāditripuṭīṃ vismṛtya svātiriktabāhyāntaḥkalanāṃ śūnyatvena yayā buddhyate saiva buddhiḥ | tadvṛttisamuccayārthaḥ caśabdaḥ | vṛttimadbuddhiḥ punarvyutthānāvadhi na viceṣṭati na viceṣṭata iti yat seyamavasthā brahmamātrasiddhāntamananaviśiṣṭamanaḥśabdavācyaturyasuptirucyate | itthaṃbhūtahṛdādinā jāgrajjāgradādipañcadaśāvasthāntavyaṣṭisamaṣṭitadubhayaikyāvasthāropāpavādādhikaraṇaviśvaviśvādyavikalpānujñaikarasāntacatuṣpañcadaśakalanāpahnavasiddhaniṣpratiyogikabrahmamātratayā yā sthitiravaśiṣyate brahmavidvarīyāṃsaḥ tāmeva paramāṃ gatimāhuḥ ityatra—
iti smṛtiśca mānam | itthaṃbhūtahṛdādyavaṣṭabhya brahmavidvarīyāṃso yathāvajjānantīti bhāvaḥ |
samādhau kriyamāṇe tu vighnānyāyānti vai balāt | anusandhānarāhityamālasyaṃ bhogalālasam || layastamaśca vikṣepastejaḥ svedaśca śūnyatā | evaṃ hi vighnabāhulyaṃ tyājyaṃ brahmaviśāradaiḥ | brahmavṛttyā hi pūrṇatvaṃ tayā pūrṇatvamabhyaset ||
ityādiśrutirmānam |
5.13
yadi buddhiceṣṭāviṣayaṃ tadā idaṃ taditi viśeṣataḥ śakyamavadhārayitum | “ buddhiśca na viceṣṭati ” iti yadā buddhyādiceṣṭoparamo bhavati tadā grāhakābhāvāt grāhyamapi nāstyeva | karaṇagocarasyaivāstitāprasiddhestadviparītasyāsattvaṃ yuktam | ato na yogākāṅkṣāsti | yogaphalāniṣpatternāsti brahmetyupalabdhavyam—ityāśaṅkya yadavagateḥ karaṇagrāmāpahnavapūrvakatvāt tathāvidhaṃ brahmāsallaukikādyaṣṭadṛṣṭigocarakaraṇagrāmātmatvasatyatvavyāvahārikatvaprātibhāsikatvādimohe satyasatyapi tatsarvāpahnavasiddhaṃ brahma niṣpratiyogikasvamātratayāstītyevāvagantavyamityāha--naiva iti | vākcakṣurgrahaṇaṃ karmajñānendriyopalakṣaṇārtham | mānasagrahaṇaṃ cāntaḥkaraṇopalakṣaṇārtham | na hi vyaṣṭisamaṣṭikaraṇajālenātmā jñātuṃ śakyaḥ nirviśeṣatvāt | tathāpi jaganmūlatvena yadavagamyate tadbrahma astyeva, kāryotpatyādeḥ saddhetogarmakatvāt | tathā hi--idaṃ kāryaṃ jagat sadbuddhiniṣṭhāmarhati | yā hi viṣayapravilāpanabuddhiḥ sā satpratyayagabhaiva pravilīyate | sadasadvastuyāthātmyādhigame buddhirhi naḥ pramāṇapadaṃ bhajati | yadi na syājjagato mūlaṃ tadā kāryamasattayā gṛhyeta | na hi tadasti | idaṃ sadidaṃ saditi sattvena hi gṛhyate | yathā ghaṭādikāryaṃ mṛdādyanvitaṃ tasmājjaganmūlatvenātmāvagantavyaḥ | kathametadavagantavyaṃ ? ityata āha—asti iti | kāryanirūpitakāraṇatāmāpannaṃ jaganmūlaṃ vastutaḥ kāryakāraṇakalanāpahnavasiddhaṃ brahmamātraṃ vā astīti bruvato'nyatra—
iti nāstike'sallaukikādau kathaṃkāraṃ brahmayāthātmyaṃ upalabhyate ? tasmādasallaukikatadantargatāsadvādipakṣamunmūlya jaganmūlatvenātmā astītyupalabdhavyaḥ | yadā tu vācārambhaṇaśrutyā kāryapralayāt kāraṇatāsiddhyā kāryakāraṇakalanāpahnavasiddhaṃ brahmāvaśiṣyate, tadā tat svamātratvenopalabdhaṃ syāt | tena rūpeṇādhyātmastītyupalabdhavyaḥ | ubhayoḥ iti nirdhāraṇāryā ṣaṣṭhī | pūrvaṃ kāryopalabdhito jaganmūlatvenopalabdhasya atha svātiriktajagadapahnavasiddhabrahmamātratvena upalabdhasya ca tayorubhayoḥ sopādhikanirupādhikayorastitvabhāvayoḥ tattvabhāvaḥ viditāviditakalanātmakajāgrajjāgradādyavikalpānujñaikarasāntacatuṣpañcadaśakalanāpahnavasiddhaniṣpratiyogikabrahmamātrāvasthitiḥ,
“neti neti,” “na hyetasmāditi,” “netyanyat paramasti,” “tadetadbrahmāpūrvamanaparamanantaramabāhyam,” “ayamātmā brahma sarvānubhūḥ,” “paśyatehāpi sanmātramasadanyat,” “brahmamātramasanna hi,” siddhānto'dhyātmaśāstrāṇāṃ sarvāpahnava eva hi | nāvidyāstīha no māyā śāntaṃ brahmedamakramam || ityādiśrutyarthaviśāradabrahmavidvariṣṭhasya prasīdati | || 12, 13 ||
5.14
niṣpratiyogikabrahmamātrāvagateḥ sarvakāmāpahnavapūrvakatvāt paramārthadarśino na hi kāmalayāpekṣāsti | saviśeṣaviśvamūlabrahmavida eva saviśeṣahetukāmajātāpahnavasamakālamamṛtatvaṃ syāditi nigamayati-yadā sarve iti | yadā yasmin kāle asya maviśeṣabrahmavidaḥ śrutyācāryaprasādato “brahmamātramasanna hi” ityādiśrutyanurodhena svātiriktasarvāsatprapañcāpahnavasiddhaṃ brahma niṣpratiyogikasvamātramiti jñānaṃ jāyate, tajjñānasamakālaṃ tatprāk svājñādidaśāyāṃ svātiriktāvidyāpadatatkāryajāta-
mātmatvena satyatvena vyāvahārikatvena prātibhāsikatvena śūnyatvena vāstīti kāmyanta iti kāmāḥ svājñānādivṛttayo hṛdi antaḥkaraṇaguhāyāmāśritāḥ | "sarveṣāṃ kāmānāṃ hṛdayamekāyanameva" iti śruteḥ | te sarve kāmāḥ yadā pramucyante viśīryante'pahnavapadaṃ bhajante atha taduttarakṣaṇaṃ tadā martyaḥ prabodhāt prāṅniṣṭhaṃ martyatvaṃ prabodhasamakālaṃ svātiriktamṛtyorapahnādamṛtaḥ san amṛto bhavati | atra ihaiva sarvakāmāpahnavasiddhaṃ brahma svamātramiti samaśnute, gantavyadeśavairalyāt | nirindhanajyotiriva svamātratāṃ bhajati | brahmaiva bhavatītyarthaḥ |
jñāninaḥkāmamūlānāṃ vināśaḥ
5.15
kathaṃ punaḥ sarve kāmāḥ pramucyante ? viśvaviśvādituryabījāntagatabhedagranthīnāṃ kāmamūlatvena vidyamānatvāt—ityāśaṅkya tatkāmamūlā granthayo'pi brahmamātrajñānasamakālaṃ kāmajātena sākamapahnavaṃ yānti | tato niṣpratiyogikāmṛto bhavatītyāha—yadā sarva iti | yadā viśvaviśvādituryabījāntagatabhedagranthiḥ otrotrādyavikalpānujñaikarasāntacaitanyajñānataḥ sāmānyato bhidyate, jāgrajjāgradādyavikalpānujñaikarasāntacatuṣpañcadaśakalanāheyāṃśāpahnavasiddhaturyaturyacaitanyaṃ niṣpratiyogikasvamātramiti bodhatastu svakāryakāmajātena sākaṃ vyaṣṭisamaṣṭyanugatacaitanyabhedābhedagranthayo niśśeṣaṃ prakarṣeṇa bhidyante | yadā hṛdayāśrayā granthayo bhinnā apahnavatāṃ gatāḥ, atha tadapahnavauttarakṣaṇaṃ martyo'mṛto bhavati iti etāvadeva īśādyaṣṭottaraśatavedāntapūgo'nuśāstīti anuśāsanam | "nātaḥ paraṃ kiñcidasti," "nātaḥ paraṃ veditavyaṃ hi kiñcit" iti śruteḥ |
brahmopāsakasya śarīrādutkramaṇamārgaḥ
5.16
brahmamātraprabodhanirastakāmatanmūlagrantherviduṣo na gatiriha vidyate, “atra brahma samaśnute” ityuktatvāt| yeṣāṃ svātirekeṇa liṅgaśarīrābhāso'stīti bhrāntiḥ tān prati “na tasya prāṇā utkrāmantyatraiva samavalīyante, brahmaiva san brahmāpyeti” iti śrutyantarācca, ye tu tadviparītāḥ samuccayānuṣṭhātāro yoginaḥ svāśramācārasaṃpannā yatayo vidyante ye tu tadviparītāḥ saṃsārabhājasteṣāmeva gatidvayamucyate| agatimadvidyāstutaye vā| puroktāgnividyāphalaprāptidvāro vaktavya iti mantrārambhaḥ-śataṃ iti| śataṃ ca iḍādiśatasaṅkhyākā nāḍyaḥ suṣumnā ekā ca brahmanāḍī puruṣasya hṛdayāśrayatvena tāḥ sarvā nāḍyo vidyante|
ekottaraṃ nāḍiśataṃ tasya madhye parā sthitā| suṣumnā tu pare līnā virajā brahmarūpiṇī||
iti śrutyanugedhena ekottaraśatanāḍimadhye kācana suṣumnā nāma nāḍī puruṣasya mūrddhābhāgamāgamya mūrddhānaṃ bhittvā abhinissṛtā| vidvān dehāvasānasamaye svahṛdayontaḥkaraṇaṃ vaśīkṛtya kuṇḍalinīśaktyagniprāṇaissākaṃ suṣumnāṃ prāpayitvā tayā suṣumnānāḍyā mūlādhārādiṣaṭcakrabhedanapūrvakaṃ tata ūrdhvaṃ sahasrāracakraṃ vidyate tadapi bhittvā svāntaḥkaraṇena sākaṃ sūryadvāreṇordhvaṃ brahmalokaṃ āyan gacchan,
ābhūtasaṃplavaṃ sthānamamṛtatvaṃ hi bhāṣyate|
iti smṛtyanugedhanāpekṣikaṃ amṛtatvaṃ brahmalokaṃ eti| tatra brahmalokagatānupamabhogān bhuktvā catuṣpādaikyasamaye brahmaṇā saha mukhyamamṛtatvameti| viṣvaṅ nānānāḍīdvārībhūtagatayaḥ anyā ^1utkramaṇe sati saṃsārapratipattaye bhavanti ityarthaḥ|
5.17
idānīṃ sarvavallyarthamupasaṃharati—aṅguṣṭhamātra iti | bhrāntyā janmanāśavanto'pi vastuto janmanāśaviralā janāḥ | teṣāṃ janānāṃ hṛdaye tatratyāṅguṣṭhamānākāśāvacchedena aṅguṣṭhamātraḥ puruṣo'ntarātmā tatratyavṛttikadambabhāvābhāvaprakāśakatvena tadvṛtyapavādādhāratvena ca saṃniviṣṭaḥ | uktārthametat | taṃ etaṃ pratyañcamātmānaṃ svāt ātmīyaśarīratrayāt muñjāntastheṣīkāmiva dhairyeṇa apramādena pravṛhet pṛthakkuryāt śarīratrayāpavādādhikaraṇatvena jānīyādityarthaḥ | parākśarīratrayāpavādasāpekṣādhārapratyaktavāpāye śarīratrayopalakṣitasvāvidyāpadatatkāryakalanāpahvavasiddhaṃ paramātmānaṃ niṣpratiyogikasvamātramiti vidvān vidyāt jānīyādityarthaḥ | dvirvacanamupaniṣatsamāptyartham | itiśabdastu brahmavidyāstutyarthaḥ |
5.18
ākhyāyikāmupasaṃharati—mṛtyuproktāṃ iti | naciketo nāma bālako mṛtyorvaraprasādāt mṛtyuproktāmetāṃ vidyāṃ sopakaraṇasaphalakṛtsnayogavidhiṃ ca labdhvā jñātvā tajjñānasamakālaṃ rajaādiguṇatrayaviralo virajaḥ svātiriktāstitābhrāntimṛtyuvairalyāt vimṛtyuḥ bhūtvā sarvāpahnavasiddhaṃ brahma svamātradhiyā
prāpnotīti brahmaprāptaḥ brahmaiva bhavatītyarthaḥ | na kevalaṃ naciketā eva brahmaprāptaḥ, kiṃ tu yathoktasādhanasaṃpannaścet anyo'pi munirna Nachiketavadatmanaḥ svāvidyāpadasyāpahnavatāṃ gatasyādhi tat adhyātmaṃ brahmamātraṃ veda so'pi virajo vimṛtyurbhūtvā adhyātmaṃ brahmamātrameva bhavatītyarthaḥ |
śrīvāsudevendraśiṣyopaniṣadbrahmayoginā | kaṭhavallīvivaraṇaṃ likhitaṃ gurvanugrahāt || kaṭhavallīvivaraṇasamagragranthavistaraḥ | aṣṭasaptatyadhikaśatasahasraṃ parikīrtitaḥ ||
iti śrīmadīśāyaṣṭottaraśatopaniṣacchāstravivaraṇe tṛtīyasaṅkhyāpūrakaṃ kaṭhavallyupaniṣadvivaraṇaṃ sampūrṇam |
Linked texts (1)
- Kaṭhopaniṣad — Sanskrit