Yāska's Nirukta 56.1

56.1

“madhyā (12)”-ityetadanavagatam || “madhye”-ityavagamaḥ || “tat sūrya̍sya deva̱tvaṃ tanma̍hi̱tvaṃ0 si̱masmai̍”-iti nigamaḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 8, 7, 4) | āṅgirasasya kutsasyairṣamārṣam | triṣṭup | sauryasya paśoḥ praḍarce vapāyā yājyā, sūtritaṃ ca,“citraṃ de̱vānā̱miti puronuvākyāstisra uttarā yājyāḥ sauryasyāṃśu (ā0 3,
8, )” iti || “tat” ahaṃ “sūryyasya” bhagavataḥ “devatvaṃ” devatābhāvaṃ, “tanmahitvaṃ” tañca mahattvaṃ māhābhāgyaṃ manye ( jāne ) tat kim ? iti- “madhyā” “madhye” “yat” “karmaṇāṃ kriyamāṇānām” anekeṣām avigaṇayya sarvān karmakartṛn miṣatāṃ teṣāṃ “vitatam” etat prakāśajālam | evamatimahat | mahatāpi kālena tat durupasaṃhāramanyairadyaikena muhūrttenāyatnenaiva bhagavatā sūryeṇa “saṃhiyate” tat asya devatvaṃ tacca mahattvamahaṃ manye | kiñca, “yadāsau” bhagavān sūryyaḥ, “ayukta” yunakti, “haritaḥ” “haraṇān” rasaharaṇān “ādityaraśmīn” ātmanyastaṃ gacchan “sadhasthāt” pṛthivīlokādākṛṣya | pṛthivī hi teṣāṃ rasādānārthaṃ sahasthānam | ito hi te sarva eva rasānādadate | “āt” athetyarthaḥ| “atha” tadaivamupasaṃhṛtasarvvaraśmijāle bhagavati sūrye, “rātrī” “vāsaḥ” “vesaramarahvayuvatī”avamiśrayantī “simasmai” simarasmāt, “sarvasmāt”lokāt aharapakṛṣya, sā tamaḥ “tanute” | tadevametadapi sūryyasyaiva māhābhāgyaṃ yadasya sannidhau tamo naśyati, yaśvānenotsṛṣṭo deśaḥ sa tamasā'cchādyata ityabhiprāyaḥ | “harito'dhvāniti vā” aitihāsikapakṣametena ||
“api vopamārthe syāt, rātrīva vāsastanuta iti” vāsa iva rātrī tamaḥ tanuta ityarthaḥ | pūrvatra vesaramaharavayavatī tamastanuta iti nāstyupamā, iha punarvāsa iva tamastanuta ityevamupamā ||
gṛtsamadasyeyamarṣam | sāvitrī | triṣṭup | pṛṣṭhathasya ṣaṣṭhe'hani vaiśvadevaśastre śasyate̍ tṛtīye savane | “punaḥ samavyadvitata vayantī” “samanātsīt”—iti nirvacanam | samaveṣṭayadityarthaḥ | yathā yoṣit kācid vāso vayantī, punaḥ saṃveṣṭayatyastamayakāle, punaśca vitanotyāditya udite, evamiya rātriḥ punareva tamaḥ saṃveṣṭayati, yoṣidiva vāso vayantī || kadā punaḥ saṃveṣṭayati ? yadā [ thā ] ‘madhyā’ madhye ‘karttoḥ’ karmaṇāṃ kriyamāṇānāṃ laukikavaidikānāṃ “vitatam” etadraśmijālam,‘śakma’svātmaprasavadapatyabhūtaṃ ‘nyadhāt’ nyadadhāt, nīcairdhatte, lokānāṃ prakāśanāya || athavā śakmeti karmanāma syāt, yadā svaṃ prakāśaṃ punaḥ karma nidhatte, nidadhāti, udeti ‘dhīraḥ’ dhīmānādityaḥ, tadā ahani abhyupasthite punaḥ saṃveṣṭayati rātrirutama iti | astamayaṃ prati punarvāsa iva tanotīti | evametasminnapi mantre sāmarthyādasatyapyupamāśabde vāsasā tama upamīyate || yatheha tathā pūrvasminnapi, nigame'pyuttyevameke manyante || apare punaḥ apirvāpamārthe syāditya-
traivaṃ varṇayanti,-rātrīva vāsastanuta ityatra vāsaḥśabdo'haḥśabdaparyāyavācī, tasyoktā vyutpattiḥ-vesaramahārīti | sā rātriḥ vāsastanute, ahastanuta ityarthaḥ | rātriprānte hi śuklamaharlakṣyate, tena jñāyate rātryaivedaṃ tatamiti | evamupamārthatvameke manyante-yadā coyamarthaḥ, tadā "punaḥ samavyadvitataṃ vayantī"-ityeva punaḥ samaveṣṭayadaho rātriḥ, vitatamiva vāso vayantī || kadā ? yadā madhye karmaṇāṃ 'nyadhāt' nidadhāti astaṃ gacchan ādityaḥ svamaṇḍale 'śakma' raśmijālaṃ yadā ca 'udasthāt' uttiṣṭhati, 'saṃhāya' svaraśmīnupasaṃhṛtya 'nyadadhaiḥ' vidadhāti 'ṛtūna' ahorātralakṣaṇān | yadā evam eṣaḥ 'savitā devaḥ' 'alamatiḥ' paryāptamatiḥ, 'āgāt' āgacchati | tadā rātriḥ tanute vāsaḥ aharlakṣaṇam, 'punaḥ' 'saṃ' veṣṭayatītyevaṃ manyante | yadatrārthāvirodhi tat pratipattavyam |
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