Yāska's Nirukta 10.3
Niruktavṛtti 10.3
- Language
- Sanskrit
10.3.1
“atha” api idamaparamamaprāptaṃ śākaṭāyanaḥ kṛtavān || āha—kimiti ?, ucyate-“ananvite'rthe” ityevamādirdoṣaḥ | āha-vedāṅgānāmekaika manekaprabhedam | tadyathā- niruktaṃ caturdaśaprabhedam | vyākaraṇamaṣṭaprabhedam | tatra keṣāñcinnairuktānāṃ kaiścidvaiyākaraṇaiḥ sārka keṣucicchabdeṣvaikamatyaṃ keṣāñcidvaimatyam | tatra śākaṭāyano nairuktāśca gārgyavarjaṃ kānicidabhidhānānyanekairdhātubhiranuvidadhati, kānicidekenaiva | kiṃ kāraṇam ?, pratiniyato hi sveṣu sveṣu vyākaraṇeṣu śabdānuvidhānasya samayaḥ | tadyathā - pāṇinīyā bhū iti prakṛtimupādāya laḍityetaṃ pratyayamupādadate | tataḥ kṛtānubandhalopasyānukramya lasya sthāne tivādīnādiśanti, tathāhi te naṃ śabdamanuvidhātuṃ śaknuvanti | sai hi teṣāṃ śabdānuvidhānāṃpāyaḥ pāṇinenā pariklṛptaḥ | sāṣā śabdānuvidhāne tantraśailītyetadevaikaṃ prayojanamuktvā nānyat prayojanamasti laḍādīnāmanubandhānāmdhyayane lope ca || aparaṃ punarvaiyākaraṇā laṭamakṛtvaiva tivādīnevopādadate | teṣāmapi hi śabdānuvidhāne sā tantraśailī | evaṃ pratiniyatyā svayā svayā tantraśailyā bhavatītyevamādisamānameva śabdarūpaṃ sādhayanti | tatraiva śabdānuvidhānopāyavipratipattau satyāṃ 'śākaṭāyana ācāryo'naikeśca dhātubhirekamabhidhānamanuvihitavān, ekena caikameva | tatra yadanekaignuvihitavān, taditarairgārgyapāṇinyādibhirna mṛṣyaṃte | kiṃkāraṇam ?, arthasiddho hi sa teṣāṃ śabdānuvidhānamārgaḥ | dhātusamudāyamātrameva nāmeti | aṃtaṃste śākaṭāyanamācikṣiipsanta āhuḥ--'athānanvite'rthe” iti |
10.3.2
ananvite'rthe ananugate śabdenārthe-yatra saṃskāryamāṇo'pi śabdo'rthamanugantuṃ na śaknoti | evaṃ dhātujo'samartho bhavati || “aprādeśike vikāre” ca | yayā hi kriyayā tad dravyaṃ pradiśyate, tadabhidhāyako yo dhātuḥ, sa tadabhidhānaṃ vigṛhyamāṇaṃ vikartuṃ na śaknoti ya ( ta ) tra|| tatra hīyamānapratijñaḥ śākaṭāyanaḥ sarvāṇyākhyātajāni nāmānyupapādayiṣyannasambhave sati kāśakuśīāvalambanamiva kurvan kimakaroditi ?| “padebhyaḥ padetarāddhardān sañcaskāra śākaṭāyanaḥ” padebhyaḥ ākhyātapadebhyaḥ samastebhyo'vayavānupādāya padetagaddhardān anyāṃścānyāṃśca itaretarākhyātapadāvayavai ranyaiścānyadanyadaddhaṃ nāmnaḥ saṃskṛtavān || tadyathā---'satyam'---ityetadabhidhānaṃ sañcaskāra | katham ?, "etaiḥ kāritaṃ ca yakārādiṃ cāntakaraṇamasteḥ śuddhaṃ ca sakārādiṃ ca" | etaiḥ 'iṇ gatau ( a0 pa0 )'ityasya kāritaṃ ṇyantaṃ rūpaṃ kṛtvā tato yakāramādāya 'makārāntaṃ kṛtvā satyaśabdasyāntamaddhaṃ sañcaskāra, tato 'yam'-iti bhavati | asteḥ śuddhaṃ ca | 'as bhuvi ( a0 pa0 )'-
10.3.3
ityetasya śuddhameva rūpaṃ kṛtvā tekārāntamityarthaḥ | tataḥ sakārādiśabdarūpaṃ gṛhītvā 'sat'ityetat, 'satyam'- ityetasya śabdasya ādimakarot ādyamardhaṃ sañcaskāra | tat saditi bhavati | atra yo'yamastestakāraḥ, sa yakāramadhirohati | evametadekamabhidhānaṃ dvayordhātvoḥ sañcaskāra satyamitiai || atha ko'rthaḥ ? santayamarthamāyayāta pratyāyayati gamayatīti satyam | kāritaṃ ca yakārādiśca śuddhaśca sakārādiṃ ceti itarasmāccetarasmāccetaraṃ cetaraṃ cārddhamiti samuccayārthāścakārāḥ | evaṃ padebhyaḥ padetarāddhīn sañcaskāra śākaṭāyanaḥ, tadetadanyāyyaṃ kṛtavān,-ko hi nāma padaṃ vibhajyānekadhātujaṃ kuryāt | tadetadakṛtapūrvamanyairvidvadbhiḥ śākaṭāyano'tipāṇḍityābhimānādakarot,-yadabhinat padāni || api copajāyate naḥ śaṅkā, - yathāsau pravṛtto nāmno padeṣu sthāsyati api cāsau varṇānapi bhetsyati, anekārthāṃśca kalpayiṣyati | yo hi padānyabhinat, tasya varṇabhede viśeṣahetuḥ ko bhaviṣyati ? tasmādatiprasaṅgadoṣopapattyā nānekadhātujāni nāmāni, nāpi sarvāṇyākhyātajānīti | 13 |
10.3.4
“etenaivottaraḥ pratyuktaḥ” | āha--katamaḥ ? yāvadbhirbhāvaiḥ samprayujyeta tāvaddhyo nāmadheyapratilambhaḥ syādityeṣaḥ | paśyāmo'nekakriyāyuktānāmapi ekakriyākārito nāmadheyapratilambho bhavati | tadyathā-takṣā, parivrājaka ityetānyevodāharaṇāni | takṣā hyanyānyapi karmāṇi karoti | na punastasya tatkṛto nāmadheyapratilambho'sti | tatra yaduktam ‘ekasyānekakriyāyogādanekanāmatā prasajyeta’ iti | etadayuktam | na hi prasajyeta | yadi coktamanekeṣāmekanāmatā, ekasya cānekanāmatā prāpnoti-tataśca vyavahārāprasiddhiriti, na hi tadubhayamasti | anekeṣāmekakriyāyoge'pi hi sati ekasya cānekakriyāyoge'pi hi sati vyavasthita eva śabdaniyamaḥ svabhāvata eva loke | tasmānna vyavahārāprasiddhidoṣo'sti | tatra yaduktaṃ ‘ vyavahārāprasiddhidoṣaprasaṅgānna sarvāṇyākhyātajāni nāmānīti’ iti, etadayuktam | 14 |
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit