Γεωγραφικα 2.1.1

2.1.1

Ἐν δὲ τῷ τρίτῳ τῶν γεωγραφικῶν καθιστάμενος τὸν τῆς οἰκουμένης πίνακα γραμμῇ τινι διαιρεῖ δίχα ἀπὸ δύσεως ἐπʼ ἀνατολὴν παραλλήλῳ τῇ ἰσημερινῇ γραμμῇ, πέρατα δʼ αὐτῆς τίθησι πρὸς δύσει μὲν τὰς Ἡρακλείους στήλας, ἐπʼ ἀνατολῇ δὲ τὰ ἄκρα καὶ ἔσχατα ὄρη τῶν ἀφοριζόντων ὀρῶν τὴν πρὸς ἄρκτον τῆς Ἰνδικῆς πλευράν. γράφει δὲ τὴν γραμμὴν ἀπὸ στηλῶν διά τε τοῦ Σικελικοῦ πορθμοῦ καὶ τῶν μεσημβρινῶν ἄκρων τῆς τε Πελοποννήσου καὶ τῆς Ἀττικῆς μέχρι τῆς Ῥοδίας καὶ τοῦ Ἰσσικοῦ κόλπου. μέχρι μὲν δὴ δεῦρο διὰ τῆς θαλάττης φησὶν εἶναι τὴν λεχθεῖσαν γραμμὴν καὶ τῶν παρακειμένων ἠπείρων (καὶ γὰρ αὐτὴν ὅλην τὴν καθʼ ἡμᾶς θάλατταν οὕτως ἐπὶ μῆκος τετάσθαι μέχρι τῆς Κιλικίας), εἶτα ἐπʼ εὐθείας πως ἐκβάλλεσθαι παρʼ ὅλην τὴν ὀρεινὴν τοῦ Ταύρου μέχρι τῆς Ἰνδικῆς· τὸν γὰρ Ταῦρον ἐπʼ εὐθείας τῇ ἀπὸ στηλῶν θαλάττῃ τεταμένον δίχα τὴν Ἀσίαν διαιρεῖν ὅλην ἐπὶ μῆκος, τὸ μὲν αὐτῆς μέρος βόρειον ποιοῦντα τὸ δὲ νότιον, ὥσθʼ ὁμοίως καὶ αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ διʼ Ἀθηνῶν ἱδρῦσθαι παραλλήλου καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ στηλῶν μέχρι δεῦρο θάλατταν.

IN the Third Book of his Geography Eratosthenes furnishes us with a chart of the habitable earth. This he divides into two portions, by a line running from east to west parallel to the equator. He makes the Pillars of Hercules the boundary of this line to the west, and to the east the farthest ridges of those mountains which bound India on the north. From the Pillars he draws the line through the Strait of Sicily, and the southern extremities of Peloponnesus and Attica, to Rhodes and the Gulf of Issus. He says, Through the whole of this distance the line mentioned is drawn across the sea and adjacent continents; the whole length of the Mediterranean as far as Cilicia extending in that direction. Thence it runs nearly in a straight line along the whole chain of the Taurus to India. The Taurus continuing in a straight line from the Pillars divides Asia through its whole length into two halves, north and south. So that both the Taurus and the sea from the Pillars hither lie under the parallel of Athens.