Γεωγραφικά 2.1.38

2.1.38

πρὸς δὲ τὸν Ἵππαρχον κἀκεῖνο, ὅτι ἐχρῆν, ὡς κατηγορίαν πεποίηται τῶν ὑπʼ ἐκείνου λεχθέντων, οὕτω καὶ ἐπανόρθωσίν τινα ποιήσασθαι τῶν ἡμαρτημένων· ὅπερ ἡμεῖς ποιοῦμεν. ἐκεῖνος δʼ εἰ καί που τούτου πεφρόντικε, κελεύει ἡμᾶς τοῖς ἀρχαίοις πίναξι προσέχειν, δεομένοις παμπόλλῳ τινὶ μείζονος ἐπανορθώσεως ἢ ὁ Ἐρατοσθένους πίναξ προσδεῖται. καὶ τὸ ἐπιφερόμενον δʼ ἐπιχείρημα τῆς αὐτῆς ἔχεται μοχθηρίας. λαμβάνει γὰρ ἐν λήμματι τὸ ἐκ τῶν μὴ διδομένων κατασκευασθέν, ὡς ἠλέγξαμεν ἡμεῖς, ὅτι Θαψάκου Βαβυλὼν ἀνατολικωτέρα ἐστὶν οὐ πλείοσιν ἢ χιλίοις σταδίοις· ὥστʼ εἰ καὶ πάνυ συνάγεται τὸ πλείοσιν ἢ δισχιλίοις καὶ τετρακοσίοις σταδίοις ἀνατολικωτέραν αὐτὴν εἶναι ἐκ τῶν λεγομένων ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἐρατοσθένους, ὅτι ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ Τίγριδος διάβασιν, ᾗ Ἀλέξανδρος διέβη, ἀπὸ Θαψάκου ἐστὶ σύντομος σταδίων δισχιλίων τετρακοσίων, ὁ δὲ Τίγρις καὶ ὁ Εὐφράτης ἐγκυκλωσάμενοι τὴν Μεσοποταμίαν, τέως μὲν ἐπʼ ἀνατολὰς φέρονται, εἶτʼ ἐπιστρέφουσι πρὸς νότον καὶ πλησιάζουσι τότε ἀλλήλοις τε ἅμα καὶ Βαβυλῶνι, οὐδὲν ἄτοπον συμβαίνει τῷ λόγῳ.

In another respect also we have to complain of Hipparchus, because, as he had given a category of the statements of Eratosthenes, he ought to have corrected his mistakes, in the same way that we have done; but whenever he has any thing particular to remark, he tells us to follow the ancient charts, which, to say the least, need correction infinitely more than the map of Eratosthenes.
The argument which follows is equally objectionable, being founded on the consequences of a proposition which, as we have shown, is inadmissible, namely, that Babylon was not more than 1000 stadia east of Thapsacus; when it was quite clear, from Eratosthenes’ own words, that Babylon was above 2400 stadia east of that place; since from Thapsacus to the passage of the Euphrates where it was crossed by Alexander, the shortest route is 2400 stadia, and the Tigris and Euphrates, having encompassed Mesopotamia, flow towards the east, and afterwards take a southerly direction and approach nearer to each other and to Babylon at the same time: nothing appears absurd in this statement of Eratosthenes.