Γεωγραφικα 2.1.8

2.1.8

Ἐροῦμεν δʼ ὅτι οὐ ψιλὴν τὴν διαφωνίαν ᾐτιάσατο, ἀλλὰ συγκρίνων πρὸς τὴν ὁμολογίαν καὶ τὴν ἀξιοπιστίαν τῆς ἀναγραφῆς τῶν σταθμῶν. οὐ θαυμαστὸν δὲ εἰ πιστοῦ γίνεταί τι πιστότερον, καὶ εἰ τῷ αὐτῷ ἐν ἑτέροις μὲν πιστεύομεν ἐν ἑτέροις δʼ ἀπιστοῦμεν, ὅταν παρά τινος τεθῇ τι βεβαιότερον. γελοῖόν τε τὸ τὴν παρὰ πολὺ διαφωνίαν ἀπιστοτέρους ποιεῖν νομίσαι τοὺς διαφωνοῦντας· τοὐναντίον γὰρ ἐν τῷ παρὰ μικρὸν συμβαίνειν τοῦτο μᾶλλον ἔοικε. παρὰ μικρὸν γὰρ ἡ πλάνη συμβαίνει μᾶλλον οὐ τοῖς τυχοῦσι μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς πλέον τι τῶν ἑτέρων φρονοῦσιν· ἐν δὲ τοῖς παρὰ πολὺ ὁ μὲν τυχὼν ἁμάρτοι ἄν, ὁ δʼ ἐπιστημονικώτερος ἧττον ἂν τοῦτο πάθοι· διὸ καὶ πιστεύεται θᾶττον.

We reply, that [Eratosthenes] did not object [to the statement of Patrocles] merely because it differed [from that of Megasthenes], but because the statement of this latter as to the stadia was confirmed by the Itinerary, an authority of no mean importance. There is nothing wonderful in this, that though a certain statement may be credible, another may be more credible; and that while in some instances we follow the former, in others we may dissent from it on finding a more trust-worthy guide. It is ridiculous to say that the greater the difference of one writer from others, the less he should be trusted. On the contrary, such a rule would be more applicable in regard to small differences; for in little particulars the ordinary observer and the man of great ability are equally liable to err. On the other hand, in great matters, the ordinary run of men are more like to be deceived than the man of superior talent, to whom consequently in such cases greater deference is paid.