Manasara Series (I. A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture; II. Indian Architecture according to Manasara-Shilpashastra; III. Manasara on Architecture and Sculpture: Sanskrit Text; IV. Architecture of Manasara: Translation; V. Architecture of Manasara: Illustrations; VI. Hindu Architecture in India and Abroad; VII. An Encyclopaedia of Hindu Architecture) v4.c29.s5.60

v4.c29.s5.60

The next chapter (LV) describes the Jain images. The opening lines give a detailed account of the various kinds of sculptural measurement. The linear measurement is divided into six kinds. *Māna* is the measurement of an image from the foot to the top of the head. *Pramāṇa* is the measurement of breadth. *Parimāṇa* is the measurement of girth or circumference. *Lambamāna* is the measurement along the plumb-lines. *Unmāna* is the measurement of thickness or diameter. And *Upamāna* is the measurement of interspace such as that between the two feet of an image. Then the *ādimāna* (primary measurement) refers to the comparative measurement and is divided into nine kinds, as the height of an image is determined by comparing it with the breadth of the temple, with the height of the cella or sanctum, with the height of the temple-door, with the base, with the height of the worshipper, with the height of the riding animal (or with the principal idol in case of auxiliary deities), in *tāla* system, and in cubit. The cubit measure is sub-divided into smaller units such as the *aṅgula*, which admits of four varieties. *Berāṅgula* is the measurement taken by the finger-breadth of the main idol. *Mānāṅgula* refers to the ordinary absolute measurement which is equivalent to eight *yavas* (barley corns) or three-fourths of an inch. *Mātrāṅgula* refers to the measurement determined by the length of the digit and the width of the middle finger in the right hand of the master (worshipper). And *Deha-labdhāṅgula* or *dehāṅgula* refers to one of the equal parts (as in the *tāla* system) into which the whole length of an image is divided.