Manasara Series (I. A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture; II. Indian Architecture according to Manasara-Shilpashastra; III. Manasara on Architecture and Sculpture: Sanskrit Text; IV. Architecture of Manasara: Translation; V. Architecture of Manasara: Illustrations; VI. Hindu Architecture in India and Abroad; VII. An Encyclopaedia of Hindu Architecture) v4.c30.s1.215

v4.c30.s1.215

Another possible meaning of the term would be the shadow which is deviated, declined, dislocated, displaced or wrongly placed. Though not distinctly mentioned in ordinary di tionaries or the literature accessible to the lexicographers this sense of the term is grammatically possible, and there are parallel terms like *apa-devatā*, *apa-mṛityu*, *apa-karman*, etc., where the particle *apa* conveys similar connotations. Further, declination of the shadow is an astronomical fact in consequence of the processional declination of the sun. Taken in this sense the declined shadow will have to be deducted either by the circumference of the circle (as shown in plate VI, fig. 2) or from the top end of the length of the shadow (as in plate VI, fig. 3) But in both cases the following are the grave objections :—