Indian Art: A History of Indian Art from the Earliest Times up to the Third Century A.D. c9.47

c9.47

In the making of the second kind of roof supported on straight transverse rafters which may be identified with the *Gopānasi* style as in the Lomasa Rishi cave massive pillars on the two ends of the hall were required (*Sthūṇā-Rāja*, *Śaṅkhāyana Gṛihya Sūtra* 3. 3. 7); one of them which was the biggest was called *Varshishṭha Sthūṇā-rāja* (*ŚB.* 3 5. 1. 1.). The top-covers or inverted jars placed in a line on the ridge to protect the outlets for smoke (*Dhūmanetta*) were called *Stūpī*. The actual roof (*Chhādana*) was made of bamboos, rafters of wood and covered with a net-work of bamboos (*Vāna-laṭṭhi*) with layers of bamboo-strips, reed-mattings and bundles of grass (*Triṇa*), straw from wheat and barley (*Palada* or *Palāla*, Hindi *Payār*) and also leaves (*Paṇṇa*), and sometimes with tiles (*Giñjaka*).