Early Indian Architecture: I. Cities and City-Gates, etc.; II. Bodhi-gharas c10.2

c10.2

abacus, *20* ābhāsa, *77*, *88*, *91*; as a method, *73* Abhayadeva, *90* Acharya, P. K., *72-98*, passim; *Indian Architecture According to the Mānasāra-śilpaśāstra*, *72*, *84*, *90*; *Dictionary of Hindu Architecture*, *3n*, *7n*, *72* āditala. *See* floor, ground *Age of the Gods, The* (Dawson), 3f aggala. *See* bolt aisle, *25*, *28* Ajaṇṭā, *47*, *57*, *60.57*, *64.69*, *65* Ajmer: bund pavilions, *93* ālambana (plinth), *97*; -bāha, *41*, *73*. *See also* balustrade ālinda (verandah), *32.3*, *38*, *42.20*, *57*, *61*, *74*, *80*, *81*, *107n*; screened by curtains, *47*. *See also* balcony; gallery; porch; verandah altar, *14.22*, *18-22.23-30*, *24-26.33-42*, *74*, *75*, *105*, *107-108.3-6*, *110.8-9*, *117.20*, *126*, *131*. *See also* mañca; vajrāsana; vedikā "Altars and Shelters in India" (Meister), *127n* āmalaka: origins/definition, *74*, *111-112*; crowning member of śikhara, *52.35*, *60.59*, *63*, *66.72/74*, *86*, *111.11*, *112.12-13*, *122* Amarāvatī reliefs, *74*, *75*, *94*, *95*; cities, city-gates, *3n*, *8.13-17*, *11.B*, *13*, *17*; gavākṣa-arch, *64*, *67*; huts & shrines, *107.3*, *115.17*, *116-117*, *118.22*, *120-123*; palaces, *36.14*, *46.24*, *47*, *50.31*, *54.41*, *56.44*, *59*, *61*, *63*; tree-shrines, *19*, *21*, *22.30/32*, *26.37-42*, *27*, *29* *Ancient Ceylon* (Parker), *77*, *92*, *94* *Ancient Monuments, Temples, and Sculptures of India, The* (Burgess), *120-121* aṅgana (court), *18.25*, *28*, *57*, *59*, *63*, *74*. *See also* courtyard; rājāṅgana *Aṅguttara Nikāya*, *106*, *108* aṇidvāra (accessory door), *11*, *15*, *16*, *19*, *74*, *85* Annandale, N.: "Plant and Animal Designs...",*91* Antagaḍa Dasāo, *45*, *89* antaraṭṭāla (tower), *4.5*, *5*, *6.8*, *7*, *11.B* antepura (inner town), *33*, *35* antepurikā (court women), *33*, *34.9*, *50.31*, *59*, *61* Anurādhapura, *90*, *123*; Lohapāsāda, *37*, *92*; Ratana Pāsāda, *37*, *41*; Thūparāma Dāgaba, *77* apartment. *See* room *Āpastambha Gṛhasūtra*, *41* ārāma: gardens, *5*; monastery, *105* Arbmann, Ernst: *Rudra*, *87*, *109n* arch: construction of, *125*; gate-a, *9*, *11*, *11.A*, *12.20-21*, *13*, *15*, *16*, *23*, *25*; window-a, *48*, *51-57*, *65*, *67*, *68.79-84*, *74*, *76*, *80*, *117*. *See also* candraśālā; gavākṣa; toraṇa Archaeological Museum, Mathura. *See* Mathura Museum *Archaeologie du Sud de l'Inde* (Jouveau-Dubreuil), *47*, *55*, *72* architect, *75*, *96*; historical, *75*, *98-99*. *See also* craftsmen "Architecture interprété dans les bas-reliefs du Cambodge, L' " (Parmentier), *123* Architectures hindoues (Parmentier), *55n*, *107n* architrave: a with roof elements, *55*, *60.59*, *65*; examples of carving from, *4-8.4-17*, *20-22.26-32*, *27-29*, *117.21*, *122*. *See also* toraṇa ardhatala. *See* floor, second argala. *See* bolt *Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent, The* (Harle), 118n *Art gréco-bouddhique…*, L' (Foucher), 94, 107, 108n, 114, 121 *Art of Ancient India, The* (Huntington), 127n *Arthaśāstra* (Kauṭilya), 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 38, 45, 73, 74, 79, 83, 85, 86, 92, 95-97 artisan, 84. *See also* craftsmen; *kammāra* artist, 84. *See also* craftsmen Aśoka, 19, 20, 21, 25, 27, 29, 43n *Aśokāvadāna*, 19, 21, 25 *Aspects of Jaina Art and Architecture* (ed. Shah and Dhaky), 126n *Atharva Veda*, 80, 90, 93, 95, 96 *aṭṭāla* (defence tower), 2.3, 5, 7, 16, 75; *gopur-a*, 89. *See also* tower *Aṭṭasālinī* (DhsA.), 35, 37, 38, 45, 47, 115 Audumbara coins, showing pavilions, 123 Auraṅgābād: *maṇḍapas* on architrave, 123 *Ausgewählte Eszählungen* (Jacobi), 37n, 77, 91, 94, 97 auspicious sign, on wall, 37 *Avadānaśataka*, 77, 83, 94 *avasaraka*. *See osāraka*