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India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashtadhyayi c7.s4.19

India as Known to Pāṇini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashṭādhyāyī c7.s4.19

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c7.s4.19

11. *Madra* (IV.2.131). Madra was a part of the Vāhīka country, as already seen, with its capital at Śākala, modern Sialkot. Pāṇini mentions two divisions of Madra, Pūrva (Eastern) and Apara (Western) (*Diśo'Madrāṇām*, VII.3.13; also IV.2.108). Pūrva-Madra extended from the Ravi to the Chenab and Apara-Madra from the Chenab to the Jhelum.

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