India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashtadhyayi c7.s4.29

c7.s4.29

¹⁵ *Kalakūṭa* (IV.1.173). It is mentioned as a *janapada* under a king. The Sabhāparva calls it Kālakūṭa and makes it a part of Kulinda (*Kulinda-vishaye*, 26.3) which was conquered by Arjuna. Pāṇini's Kuluna (*Gaṇa-pāṭha*, IV.2.133 and IV.3.93) seems to be the same as Kulinda and later Kuṇinda. Kulinda (Gk. Kulindrini) was known to Ptolemy as an extensive country including the region of the lofty mountains wherein the Beas, the Sutlej, the Yamunā and the Gaṅgā had their sources (McCrindle, *Ptolemy*, p. 105, 109). The Kalakūṭa lay somewhere in this area, with possible traces of its name in modern Kalka in the Simla hills.