India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashtadhyayi c8.s14.8

c8.s14.8

Of the percussion and ringing instruments mention is made of *maḍḍuka*, a small tabor (IV.4.56) and *jharjhara* (IV.4.56), the players being known as *māḍḍukika* and *jhārjharika*, taborers and cymbalists, respectively. Keeping time by the clapping of palm is referred to in the expressions *pāṇigha* and *tālagha* (III.2.55; cf. *pānissara* or clapper in the *Vidhurapaṇḍita Jāt.* VI.267).